7、springmvc的自动配置

1、springmvc的自动配置

文档:https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.1.1.RELEASE/reference/htmlsingle/#boot-features-spring-mvc

WebMvcAutoConfiguration.java

Spring Boot 自动配置好了SpringMVC
以下是SpringBoot对SpringMVC的默认配置:(WebMvcAutoConfiguration)
* Inclusion of ContentNegotiatingViewResolver and BeanNameViewResolver beans.
    * 自动配置了ViewResolver(视图解析器:根据方法的返回值得到视图对象(View),视图对象决定如何渲染(转发?重定向?))
    * ContentNegotiatingViewResolver:组合所有的视图解析器的;
    * 如何定制:我们可以自己给容器中添加一个视图解析器;自动的将其组合进来;
* Support for serving static resources, including support for WebJars (see below).静态资源文件夹路径,webjars
* Static index.html support. 静态首页访问
* Custom Favicon support (see below). favicon.ico
* 自动注册了 of Converter, GenericConverter, Formatter beans.
    * Converter:转换器; public String hello(User user):类型转换使用Converter
    * Formatter 格式化器; 2017.12.17===Date;
        @Bean
        @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "spring.mvc", name = "date-format")
        //在文件中配置日期格式化的规则
        public Formatter<Date> dateFormatter() {
            return new DateFormatter(this.mvcProperties.getDateFormat());//日期格式化组件
        }
        自己添加的格式化器转换器,我们只需要放在容器中即可
* Support for HttpMessageConverters (see below).
    * HttpMessageConverter:SpringMVC用来转换Http请求和响应的;User---Json;
    * HttpMessageConverters 是从容器中确定;获取所有的HttpMessageConverter;
        自己给容器中添加HttpMessageConverter,只需要将自己的组件注册容器中(@Bean,@Component)
* Automatic registration of MessageCodesResolver (see below).定义错误代码生成规则
* Automatic use of a ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer bean (see below).
我们可以配置一个ConfigurableWebBindingInitializer来替换默认的;(添加到容器)
初始化WebDataBinder;
请求数据=====JavaBean;
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web:web的所有自动场景;
If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features, and you just want to add additional MVC configuration (interceptors, formatters, view controllers etc.) you can add your own @Configuration class of type WebMvcConfigurerAdapter, but without @EnableWebMvc. If you wish to provide custom instances of RequestMappingHandlerMapping, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter or ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver you can declare a WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter instance providing such components.
If you want to take complete control of Spring MVC, you can add your own @Configuration annotated with @EnableWebMvc.

 

 2、扩展springmvc

<mvc:view-controller path="/hello" view-name="success"/>
<mvc:interceptors>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <mvc:mapping path="/hello"/>
        <bean></bean>
    </mvc:interceptor>
</mvc:interceptors>
If you want to keep Spring Boot MVC features, and you just want to add additional MVC configuration
(interceptors, formatters, view controllers etc.) you can add your own @Configuration class of type
WebMvcConfigurerAdapter, but without @EnableWebMvc. If you wish to provide custom instances of
RequestMappingHandlerMapping, RequestMappingHandlerAdapter or ExceptionHandlerExceptionResolver
you can declare a WebMvcRegistrationsAdapter instance providing such components. If you want to take complete control of Spring MVC, you can add your own
@Configuration annotated with @EnableWebMvc.

编写一个配置类(@Configuration),是WebMvcConfigurerAdapter类型;

不能标注@EnableWebMvc; 

//使用WebMvcConfigurerAdapter可以来扩展SpringMVC的功能
@Configurationpublic class mvc extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
@Override
   public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
      //super.addViewControllers(registry);
      ///th是请求url
      registry.addViewController("/th").setViewName("th");
   }
}

 

原理:

1)、WebMvcAutoConfiguration是SpringMVC的自动配置类
2)、在做其他自动配置时会导入;@Import(EnableWebMvcConfiguration.class)
@Configuration
        public static class EnableWebMvcConfiguration extends DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration {
      private final WebMvcConfigurerComposite configurers = new WebMvcConfigurerComposite();

         //从容器中获取所有的WebMvcConfigurer
      @Autowired(required = false)
      public void setConfigurers(List<WebMvcConfigurer> configurers) {
          if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(configurers)) {
              this.configurers.addWebMvcConfigurers(configurers);
                //一个参考实现;将所有的WebMvcConfigurer相关配置都来一起调用;  
                @Override
                // public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
                //       for (WebMvcConfigurer delegate : this.delegates) {
                //      delegate.addViewControllers(registry);
                //   }
              }
          }
        }
3)、容器中所有的WebMvcConfigurer都会一起起作用;
4)、我们的配置类也会被调用;
效果:SpringMVC的自动配置和我们的扩展配置都会起作用;
 

 3、全面接管SpringMVC(不建议使用)

SpringBoot对SpringMVC的自动配置不需要了,所有都是我们自己配置;

所有的SpringMVC的自动配置都失效了

我们需要在配置类中添加@EnableWebMvc即可;

@EnableWebMvc
@Configuration
public class mvc  extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
    @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        //super.addViewControllers(registry);
        registry.addViewController("/th").setViewName("th");
    }
}
为什么@EnableWebMvc自动配置就失效了:
1)@EnableWebMvc的核心
@Import(DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration.class)
public @interface EnableWebMvc {

2)

@Configuration
public class DelegatingWebMvcConfiguration extends WebMvcConfigurationSupport {

3)

@Configuration
@ConditionalOnWebApplication
@ConditionalOnClass({ Servlet.class, DispatcherServlet.class,
                WebMvcConfigurerAdapter.class })
// 容器中没有这个组件的时候,这个自动配置类才生效
@ConditionalOnMissingBean(WebMvcConfigurationSupport.class)
@AutoConfigureOrder(Ordered.HIGHEST_PRECEDENCE + 10)
@AutoConfigureAfter({ DispatcherServletAutoConfiguration.class,
                ValidationAutoConfiguration.class })
public class WebMvcAutoConfiguration {
4)、@EnableWebMvc将WebMvcConfigurationSupport组件导入进来;
5)、导入的WebMvcConfigurationSupport只是SpringMVC最基本的功能;
 
如何修改springboot的默认配置
1)、SpringBoot在自动配置很多组件的时候,先看容器中有没有用户自己配置的(@Bean、@Component)
  如果有就用用户配置的,
       如果没有,才自动配置;如果有些组件可以有多个(ViewResolver)将用户配置的和自己默认的组合起来;
2)、在SpringBoot中会有非常多的xxxConfigurer帮助我们进行扩展配置
3)、在SpringBoot中会有很多的xxxCustomizer帮助我们进行定制配置

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/Mrchengs/p/10340145.html