Android提高第六篇之BroadcastReceiver

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前面分别讨论了Activity和Service，这次就轮到BroastcastReceiver，Broastcast是应用程序间通信的手段。BroastcastReceiver也是跟Intent紧密相连的，动态/静态注册了BroastcastReceiver之后，使用sendBroadcast把Intent发送之后，系统会自动把符合条件的BroastcastReceiver启动，跟嵌入式系统的中断类似。

本文主要演示了如何静态/动态注册BroastcastReceiver，向系统索取电量信息，以及枚举信息的字段。本文运行截图如下：

上图是发送Intent至内部动态注册的BroadcastReceiver，接收到之后显示消息名称。动态注册BroadcastReceiver用到registerReceiver()。

上图是发送Intent至内部静态注册的BroadcastReceiver，接收到之后显示消息名称。静态注册比动态注册麻烦点，先新建一个类继承BroadcastReceiver，然后到AndroidManifest.xml 添加

[xhtml] view plain copy print ?

<receiver android:name="clsReceiver2">
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name="com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_2"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>

第一个name是类名，第二个是action的名称。

上图是枚举Intent消息的字段，这个功能比较适合懒人，把收到的Intent消息的字段全部分解了，再看看哪个需要的，懒得记住。实现这部分的代码如下：

[java] view plain copy print ?

//当未知Intent包含的内容，则需要通过以下方法来列举
Bundle b=intent.getExtras();
Object[] lstName=b.keySet().toArray();
for(int i=0;i<lstName.length;i++)
{
String keyName=lstName[i].toString();
Log.e(keyName,String.valueOf(b.get(keyName)));
}

//当未知Intent包含的内容，则需要通过以下方法来列举 Bundle b=intent.getExtras(); Object[] lstName=b.keySet().toArray(); for(int i=0;i<lstName.length;i++) { String keyName=lstName[i].toString(); Log.e(keyName,String.valueOf(b.get(keyName))); }

main.xml的代码如下：

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent"
android:layout_height="fill_parent">
<Button android:id="@+id/Button01" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="发送至内部动态注册的BroadcastReceiver"></Button>
<Button android:id="@+id/Button02" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="发送至内部静态注册BroadcastReceiver"></Button>
<Button android:id="@+id/Button03" android:layout_width="wrap_content"
android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="发送至系统BroadcastReceiver"></Button>
</LinearLayout>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> <Button android:id="@+id/Button01" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="发送至内部动态注册的BroadcastReceiver"></Button> <Button android:id="@+id/Button02" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="发送至内部静态注册BroadcastReceiver"></Button> <Button android:id="@+id/Button03" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="发送至系统BroadcastReceiver"></Button></LinearLayout>

testBroadcastReceiver.java的代码如下：

[java] view plain copy print ?

package com.testBroadcastReceiver;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.Toast;
public class testBroadcastReceiver extends Activity {
Button btnInternal1,btnInternal2,btnSystem;
static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1 = "com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_1";
static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2 = "com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_2";
static final String INTENAL_ACTION_3 = "com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_3";
@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
btnInternal1=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.Button01);
btnInternal1.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());
btnInternal2=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.Button02);
btnInternal2.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());
btnSystem=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.Button03);
btnSystem.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent());
//动态注册广播消息
registerReceiver(bcrIntenal1, new IntentFilter(INTENAL_ACTION_1));
}
class ClickEvent implements View.OnClickListener{
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
if(v==btnInternal1)//给动态注册的BroadcastReceiver发送数据
{
Intent intent = new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
else if(v==btnInternal2)//给静态注册的BroadcastReceiver发送数据
{
Intent intent = new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
sendBroadcast(intent);
}
else if(v==btnSystem)//动态注册接收2组信息的BroadcastReceiver
{
IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();//
filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED);//系统电量检测信息
filter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_3);//第三组自定义消息
registerReceiver(batInfoReceiver, filter);
Intent intent = new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_3);
intent.putExtra("Name", "hellogv");
intent.putExtra("Blog", "http://blog.csdn.net/hellogv");
sendBroadcast(intent);//传递过去
}
}
}
/*
* 接收动态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver
*/
private BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal1 = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
Toast.makeText(context, "动态:"+action, 1000).show();
}
};
private BroadcastReceiver batInfoReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
//如果捕捉到的action是ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED
if (Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED.equals(action)) {
//当未知Intent包含的内容，则需要通过以下方法来列举
Bundle b=intent.getExtras();
Object[] lstName=b.keySet().toArray();
for(int i=0;i<lstName.length;i++)
{
String keyName=lstName[i].toString();
Log.e(keyName,String.valueOf(b.get(keyName)));
}
}
//如果捕捉到的action是INTENAL_ACTION_3
if (INTENAL_ACTION_3.equals(action)) {
//当未知Intent包含的内容，则需要通过以下方法来列举
Bundle b=intent.getExtras();
Object[] lstName=b.keySet().toArray();
for(int i=0;i<lstName.length;i++)
{
String keyName=lstName[i].toString();
Log.e(keyName,b.getString(keyName));
}
}
}
};
}

package com.testBroadcastReceiver;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.IntentFilter;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.Toast;public class testBroadcastReceiver extends Activity { Button btnInternal1,btnInternal2,btnSystem; static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1 = "com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_1"; static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2 = "com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_2"; static final String INTENAL_ACTION_3 = "com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_3"; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); btnInternal1=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.Button01); btnInternal1.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent()); btnInternal2=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.Button02); btnInternal2.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent()); btnSystem=(Button)this.findViewById(R.id.Button03); btnSystem.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent()); //动态注册广播消息 registerReceiver(bcrIntenal1, new IntentFilter(INTENAL_ACTION_1)); } class ClickEvent implements View.OnClickListener{ @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(v==btnInternal1)//给动态注册的BroadcastReceiver发送数据 { Intent intent = new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1); sendBroadcast(intent); } else if(v==btnInternal2)//给静态注册的BroadcastReceiver发送数据 { Intent intent = new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2); sendBroadcast(intent); } else if(v==btnSystem)//动态注册接收2组信息的BroadcastReceiver { IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter();// filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED);//系统电量检测信息 filter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_3);//第三组自定义消息 registerReceiver(batInfoReceiver, filter); Intent intent = new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_3); intent.putExtra("Name", "hellogv"); intent.putExtra("Blog", "http://blog.csdn.net/hellogv"); sendBroadcast(intent);//传递过去 } } } /* * 接收动态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver */ private BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal1 = new BroadcastReceiver() { public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); Toast.makeText(context, "动态:"+action, 1000).show(); } }; private BroadcastReceiver batInfoReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() { public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); //如果捕捉到的action是ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED if (Intent.ACTION_BATTERY_CHANGED.equals(action)) { //当未知Intent包含的内容，则需要通过以下方法来列举 Bundle b=intent.getExtras(); Object[] lstName=b.keySet().toArray(); for(int i=0;i<lstName.length;i++) { String keyName=lstName[i].toString(); Log.e(keyName,String.valueOf(b.get(keyName))); } } //如果捕捉到的action是INTENAL_ACTION_3 if (INTENAL_ACTION_3.equals(action)) { //当未知Intent包含的内容，则需要通过以下方法来列举 Bundle b=intent.getExtras(); Object[] lstName=b.keySet().toArray(); for(int i=0;i<lstName.length;i++) { String keyName=lstName[i].toString(); Log.e(keyName,b.getString(keyName)); } } } };}

clsReceiver2.java的代码如下：

[java] view plain copy print ?

package com.testBroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.widget.Toast;
/*
* 接收静态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver，
* step1:要到AndroidManifest.xml这里注册消息
* <receiver android:name="clsReceiver2">
<intent-filter>
<action
android:name="com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_2"/>
</intent-filter>
</receiver>
step2:定义消息的字符串
step3:通过Intent传递消息来驱使BroadcastReceiver触发
*/
public class clsReceiver2 extends BroadcastReceiver{
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
String action = intent.getAction();
Toast.makeText(context, "静态:"+action, 1000).show();
}
}

package com.testBroadcastReceiver;import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.widget.Toast;/* * 接收静态注册广播的BroadcastReceiver， * step1:要到AndroidManifest.xml这里注册消息 * <receiver android:name="clsReceiver2"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="com.testBroadcastReceiver.Internal_2"/> </intent-filter> </receiver> step2:定义消息的字符串 step3:通过Intent传递消息来驱使BroadcastReceiver触发 */public class clsReceiver2 extends BroadcastReceiver{ @Override public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) { String action = intent.getAction(); Toast.makeText(context, "静态:"+action, 1000).show(); }}

给我老师的人工智能教程打call！http://blog.csdn.net/jiangjunshow

Android提高第六篇之BroadcastReceiver

给我老师的人工智能教程打call！http://blog.csdn.net/jiangjunshow

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