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VS和Matlab混合编程(相关API使用-进阶)
如何调用Matlab Engine以及相关配置，见前文：VS和Matlab混合编程(调用Matlab Engine)
环境以及配置
Window7 x64VS2015Matlab R2013a x64
1.相关API
这里只是给列出大概，详情还得查Matlab的帮助文档，详见：C/C++ Matrix Library API
1.1. Data Types
mxArray //Type for MATLAB array
mxClassID //Enumerated value identifying class of array
mwSize //Type for size values
mwIndex //Type for index values
mwSignedIndex //Signed integer type for size values
mxChar //Type for string array
mxLogical //Type for logical array
mxComplexity //Flag specifying whether array has imaginary components
mxGetEps //Value of EPS
mxGetInf //Value of infinity
mxGetNaN //Value of NaN (Not-a-Number)
1.2. Create or Delete Array
mxCreateDoubleMatrix //2-D, double-precision, floating-point array
mxCreateDoubleScalar //Scalar, double-precision array initialized to specified value
mxCreateNumericMatrix //2-D numeric matrix
mxCreateNumericArray //N-D numeric array
mxCreateUninitNumericMatrix //Uninitialized 2-D numeric matrix
mxCreateUninitNumericArray //Uninitialized N-D numeric array
mxCreateString //1-N array initialized to specified string
mxCreateCharMatrixFromStrings //2-D mxChar array initialized to specified value
mxCreateCharArray //N-D mxChar array
mxCreateLogicalScalar //Scalar, logical array
mxCreateLogicalMatrix //2-D logical array
mxCreateLogicalArray //N-D logical array
mxCreateSparseLogicalMatrix //2-D, sparse, logical array
mxCreateSparse //2-D sparse array
mxCreateSparseLogicalMatrix //2-D, sparse, logical array
mxCreateStructMatrix //2-D structure array
mxCreateStructArray //N-D structure array
mxCreateCellMatrix //2-D cell array
mxCreateCellArray //N-D cell array
mxDestroyArray //Free dynamic memory allocated by MXCREATE* functions
mxDuplicateArray //Make deep copy of array
mxCalloc //Allocate dynamic memory for array, initialized to 0, using MATLAB memory manager
mxMalloc //Allocate uninitialized dynamic memory using MATLAB memory manager
mxRealloc //Reallocate dynamic memory using MATLAB memory manager
mxFree //Free dynamic memory allocated by mxCalloc, mxMalloc, mxRealloc, mxArrayToString, or mxArrayToUTF8String functions
1.3. Validate Data
mxIsDouble //Determine whether mxArray represents data as double-precision, floating-point numbers
mxIsSingle //Determine whether array represents data as single-precision, floating-point numbers
mxIsComplex //Determine whether data is complex
mxIsNumeric //Determine whether array is numeric
mxIsInt64 //Determine whether array represents data as signed 64-bit integers
mxIsUint64 //Determine whether array represents data as unsigned 64-bit integers
mxIsInt32 //Determine whether array represents data as signed 32-bit integers
mxIsUint32 //Determine whether array represents data as unsigned 32-bit integers
mxIsInt16 //Determine whether array represents data as signed 16-bit integers
mxIsUint16 //Determine whether array represents data as unsigned 16-bit integers
mxIsInt8 //Determine whether array represents data as signed 8-bit integers
mxIsUint8 //Determine whether array represents data as unsigned 8-bit integers
mxIsScalar //Determine whether array is scalar array
mxIsChar //Determine whether input is mxChar array
mxIsLogical //Determine whether array is of type mxLogical
mxIsLogicalScalar //Determine whether scalar array is of type mxLogical
mxIsLogicalScalarTrue //Determine whether scalar array of type mxLogical is true
mxIsStruct //Determine whether input is structure array
mxIsCell //Determine whether input is cell array
mxIsClass //Determine whether array is object of specified class
mxIsInf //Determine whether input is infinite
mxIsFinite //Determine whether input is finite
mxIsNaN //Determine whether input is NaN (Not-a-Number)
mxIsEmpty //Determine whether array is empty
mxIsSparse //Determine whether input is sparse array
mxIsFromGlobalWS //Determine whether array was copied from MATLAB global workspace
mxAssert //Check assertion value for debugging purposes
mxAssertS //Check assertion value without printing assertion text
1.4. Access Data
mxGetNumberOfDimensions //Number of dimensions in array
mxGetElementSize //Number of bytes required to store each data element
mxGetDimensions //Pointer to dimensions array
mxSetDimensions //Modify number of dimensions and size of each dimension
mxGetNumberOfElements //Number of elements in array
mxCalcSingleSubscript //Offset from first element to desired element
mxGetM //Number of rows in array
mxSetM //Set number of rows in array
mxGetN //Number of columns in array
mxSetN //Set number of columns in array
mxGetScalar //Real component of first data element in array
mxGetPr //Real data elements in array of type DOUBLE
mxSetPr //Set new real data elements in array of type DOUBLE
mxGetPi //Imaginary data elements in array of type DOUBLE
mxSetPi //Set new imaginary data elements in array of type DOUBLE
mxGetData //Pointer to real numeric data elements in array
mxSetData //Set pointer to real numeric data elements in array
mxGetImagData //Pointer to imaginary data elements in array
mxSetImagData //Set pointer to imaginary data elements in array
mxGetChars //Pointer to character array data
mxGetLogicals //Pointer to logical array data
mxGetClassID //Class of array
mxGetClassName //Class of array as string
mxSetClassName //Structure array to MATLAB object array
mxGetProperty //Value of public property of MATLAB object
mxSetProperty //Set value of public property of MATLAB object
mxGetField //Pointer to field value from structure array, given index and field name
mxSetField //Set field value in structure array, given index and field name
mxGetNumberOfFields //Number of fields in structure array
mxGetFieldNameByNumber //Pointer to field name from structure array, given field number
mxGetFieldNumber //Field number from structure array, given field name
mxGetFieldByNumber //Pointer to field value from structure array, given index and field number
mxSetFieldByNumber //Set field value in structure array, given index and field number
mxAddField //Add field to structure array
mxRemoveField //Remove field from structure array
mxGetCell //Pointer to element in cell array
mxSetCell //Set contents of cell array
mxGetNzmax //Number of elements in IR, PR, and PI arrays
mxSetNzmax //Set storage space for nonzero elements
mxGetIr //Sparse matrix IR array
mxSetIr //IR array of sparse array
mxGetJc //Sparse matrix JC array
mxSetJc //JC array of sparse array
1.5. Convert Data Types
mxArrayToString //Array to string
mxArrayToUTF8String //Array to string in UTF-8 encoding
mxGetString //mxChar array to C-style string or Fortran character array
mxSetClassName //Structure array to MATLAB object array
2. API使用代码
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
using namespace std;
#include "engine.h" //调用matlab函数的头文件
#pragma comment(lib,"libeng.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"libmx.lib")
#pragma comment(lib,"libmex.lib")
int main()
{
cout << "正在打开Matlab engine ..." << endl;
Engine* ep; //定义engine类型指针，往后函数都要用它来指示目标
ep = engOpen(NULL); //启动函数，成功则返回一个非零值
if (ep == NULL) {
cout << "无法打开 Matlab engine!" << endl;
return 1;
}
else
{
cout << "Matlab Engine 启动成功" << endl;
}
//=====================
// Example.1
// 计算 a + b 的值
//=====================
mxArray *sumArray = NULL;
double a = 1.1, b = 2.2;
string strTmp = "sum=" + to_string(a) + '+' + to_string(b);
engEvalString(ep, strTmp.c_str()); //在Matlab命令行输入: sum=a+b;
sumArray = engGetVariable(ep, "sum"); //获取工作空间中sum变量，它得到的是一个mxArray数组指针
double sumValue = *(mxGetPr(sumArray)); //double *mxGetPr(const mxArray *pm);
cout << "Example1:\n sum = "<<sumValue << endl;
mxDestroyArray(sumArray); //释放空间
//=====================
// Example.2
// 计算两个向量的值
// v1 = [1, 2, 3, 4]; v2 = [0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1]
//=====================
mxArray *v1_array = NULL, *v2_array = NULL, *vSum_array = NULL;
const double v1_double[] = { 1, 2, 3, 4 };
const double v2_double[] = { 0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1 };
v1_array = mxCreateDoubleMatrix(1, 4, mxREAL); //对v1进行分配存储空间
v2_array = mxCreateDoubleMatrix(1, 4, mxREAL); //对v2进行分配存储空间
memcpy((void *)mxGetPr(v1_array), (void *)v1_double, 4 * sizeof(v1_double[0])); //对v1赋值
memcpy((void *)mxGetPr(v2_array), (void *)v2_double, 4 * sizeof(v2_double[0])); //对v2赋值
engPutVariable(ep, "v1", v1_array); //给Matlab工作空间添加变量，相当于 >> v1 = [1, 2, 3, 4];
engPutVariable(ep, "v2", v2_array); //给Matlab工作空间添加变量，相当于 >> v2 = [0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1]
engEvalString(ep, "vSum = v1 + v2");
vSum_array = engGetVariable(ep, "vSum");
size_t sizeV = mxGetNumberOfElements( vSum_array ); //size_t mxGetNumberOfElements(const mxArray *pm);
cout << "Example2:\n 向量vSum的元素个数：" << sizeV << endl;
double* pElemVSum = mxGetPr(vSum_array); //指向vSum首地址的指针
for (int i=0;i<sizeV;i++)
{
strTmp = " vSum[" + to_string(i) + "] = ";
cout << strTmp << *pElemVSum << endl;
pElemVSum++;
}
mxDestroyArray(v1_array); //释放空间
mxDestroyArray(v2_array);
mxDestroyArray(vSum_array);
engEvalString(ep, "close;");
engClose(ep);
system("pause");
return 0;
}
