由于开始学习单片机的时候，接触的是51单片机，IO操作已经习惯了，所以在这里对GPIO做了个小小的封装
#pragma once
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
namespace FRAM
{
class GPIO_Out
{
public:
void Link(GPIO_TypeDef* pPort, uint16_t Pin);
void operator =(const uint16_t & Value);
private:
GPIO_TypeDef* m_PORT = nullptr;
uint16_t m_PIN = 0x0000;
};
class GPIO_In
{
public:
void Link(GPIO_TypeDef* pPort, uint16_t Pin);
bool operator ()();
private:
GPIO_TypeDef* m_PORT = nullptr;
uint16_t m_PIN = 0x0000;
};
};namespace FRAM
{
void GPIO_Out::Link(GPIO_TypeDef* pPort, uint16_t Pin)
{
m_PORT = pPort;
m_PIN = Pin;
}
void GPIO_Out::operator=(const uint16_t & Value)
{
HAL_GPIO_WritePin(m_PORT, m_PIN, static_cast<GPIO_PinState>(Value));
}
void GPIO_In::Link(GPIO_TypeDef* pPort, uint16_t Pin)
{
m_PORT = pPort;
m_PIN = Pin;
}
bool GPIO_In::operator()()
{
return (m_PORT->IDR & m_PIN) > 0;
}
};其中，GPIO_Out类，为输出功能GPIO。GPIO_In类，为输入功能GPIO。这样我们写代码的时候就可以直接使用 “=” 给输出GPIO直接赋值高低电平，用 “()”取得输入GPIO的高低电平。
在使用这两个类，简化我们编程的时候，我们先观察下 main.h 头文件，这个是由CubeMX自动生成的
/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
******************************************************************************
* @file : main.h
* @brief : Header for main.c file.
* This file contains the common defines of the application.
******************************************************************************
** This notice applies to any and all portions of this file
* that are not between comment pairs USER CODE BEGIN and
* USER CODE END. Other portions of this file, whether
* inserted by the user or by software development tools
* are owned by their respective copyright owners.
*
* COPYRIGHT(c) 2018 STMicroelectronics
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
* are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
* this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
* and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. Neither the name of STMicroelectronics nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
* AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
* DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
* SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
* CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
* OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
* OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*
******************************************************************************
*/
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Define to prevent recursive inclusion -------------------------------------*/
#ifndef __MAIN_H
#define __MAIN_H
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes */
/* Exported types ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN ET */
/* USER CODE END ET */
/* Exported constants --------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN EC */
/* USER CODE END EC */
/* Exported macro ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN EM */
/* USER CODE END EM */
/* Exported functions prototypes ---------------------------------------------*/
void Error_Handler(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN EFP */
/* USER CODE END EFP */
/* Private defines -----------------------------------------------------------*/
#define MN_CS_Pin GPIO_PIN_0
#define MN_CS_GPIO_Port GPIOC
#define MN_CLK_Pin GPIO_PIN_1
#define MN_CLK_GPIO_Port GPIOC
#define MN_MISO_Pin GPIO_PIN_2
#define MN_MISO_GPIO_Port GPIOC
#define MN_MOSI_Pin GPIO_PIN_3
#define MN_MOSI_GPIO_Port GPIOC
#define LCD_RST_Pin GPIO_PIN_8
#define LCD_RST_GPIO_Port GPIOA
#define LCD_CS_Pin GPIO_PIN_9
#define LCD_CS_GPIO_Port GPIOA
#define LCD_DC_Pin GPIO_PIN_10
#define LCD_DC_GPIO_Port GPIOA
#define MMC_SPI_CS_Pin GPIO_PIN_11
#define MMC_SPI_CS_GPIO_Port GPIOA
/* USER CODE BEGIN Private defines */
/* USER CODE END Private defines */
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
#endif /* __MAIN_H */
/************************ (C) COPYRIGHT STMicroelectronics *****END OF FILE****/
其中 Pravate defines 为CubeMX根据我们的设置，自动生成的宏。
for example 在使用的时候，我们包含 main.h GPIO包装类的头文件，类似这样
#include "main.h"
#include "GPIO包装头文件"
//定义两个变量 XX,XXX
GPIO_In XX;
GPIO_Out XXX;
//初始化时链接变量到定义好的GPIO_PORT和GPIO_PIN
XX.LinkGPIO(XX_GPIO_PORT,XX_GPIO_PIN);
XXX.LinkGPIO(XXX_GPIO_PORT,XXX_GPIO_PIN);
//在需要的时候调用
if(XXX()) //判断引脚输入的是高电平还是低电平，高为true,低为false
{
........
}
XX = 0;//或 XX = 1; 引脚输出高电平或低电平，高电平为1，低电平为0