SpringMVC+Thymeleaf 简单使用

文章转自https://www.cnblogs.com/litblank/p/7988689.html

一、简介

1、Thymeleaf 在有网络和无网络的环境下皆可运行，而且完全不需启动WEB应用，即它可以让美工在浏览器查看页面的静态效果，也可以让程序员在服务器查看带数据的动态页面效果。浏览器解释 html 时会忽略未定义的标签属性，所以 thymeleaf 的模板可以静态地运行；当有数据返回到页面时，Thymeleaf 标签会动态地替换掉静态内容，使页面动态显示。

2、Thymeleaf 开箱即用的特性。它提供标准和spring标准两种方言，可以直接套用模板实现JSTL、 OGNL表达式效果，避免每天套模板、该jstl、改标签的困扰。同时开发人员也可以扩展和创建自定义的方言。

3、Thymeleaf 提供spring标准方言和一个与 SpringMVC 完美集成的可选模块，可以快速的实现表单绑定、属性编辑器、国际

化等功能。

二、目的

    为了修改样式的时候不需要启动服务器。直接打开html。

三、解析器

Thymeleaf模板视图解析器配置步骤：模板解析器->模板引擎->视图解析器，注释掉的代码为个人JSP、Tiles视图解析器的测试代码，与本例无关。

四、SpringMVC+Thymeleaf

Pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" 
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>com.springthymeleaf</groupId>
    <artifactId>springmvc-thymeleaf</artifactId>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>Spring Thymeleaf Example</name>
    <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>

    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
        <thymeleaf.version>2.1.2.RELEASE</thymeleaf.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency> -->

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-spring4</artifactId>
            <version>${thymeleaf.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf</artifactId>
            <version>${thymeleaf.version}</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <outputDirectory>src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/classes</outputDirectory>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <source>1.6</source>
                    <target>1.6</target>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

 Web.xml

<web-app id="WebApp_ID" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee 
    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">

    <display-name>springmvc thymeleaf</display-name>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>mvc-dispatcher</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>/WEB-INF/mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

</web-app>

mvc-dispatcher-servlet.xml

注：可以深入了解thymeleef 模板解析器的源码，生命周期等

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.springthymeleaf"/>

    <mvc:annotation-driven />
    
    <!-- 配置静态资源如js，css，image路径，如果不配置的话页面加载这些资源会遇到问题 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/static/" mapping="/static/**" />
    
    <!-- 模板解析器  -->
    <bean id="templateResolver" class="org.thymeleaf.templateresolver.ServletContextTemplateResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".html" />
        <property name="templateMode" value="HTML5" />
        <property name="cacheable" value="false" />
        <property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
    </bean>

    <bean id="templateEngine" class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.SpringTemplateEngine">
        <property name="templateResolver" ref="templateResolver" />
    </bean>

    <bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring4.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
        <property name="templateEngine" ref="templateEngine" />
        <property name="characterEncoding"  value="UTF-8" />
    </bean>

</beans>

hello.html

<html  xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org" >
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8" />
<script type="text/javascript" src="static/js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js" th:src="@{/static/js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js}" ></script>

<script th:inline="javascript">
  $(function(){
   var _ctx = [[${application.ctx}]];
    alert("Project ContextPath:"+_ctx);
    alert("路径:"+$("#ctx").val());
  });
</script>
<title>Spring MVC + Thymeleaf Example</title>
</head>
<body>
    <!-- Project ContextPath -->
    <input type="hidden" id="ctx" th:value="${application.ctx}" /> Hello,
    <span th:text="${name}" />!
    <br /> Hello,
    <span th:text="${query}" />!
    <br /> Hello,
    <span th:text="${submit}" />!
    <br />
    <a th:href="@{/query?name=a_href}"> query</a>
    <br />
    <form th:action="@{/submit}">
        <input type="text" name="name" />
        <button type="submit">submit</button>
    </form> 

</body>
</html>

HelloController.java

package com.springthymeleaf.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/")
public class HelloController {

    @RequestMapping(value = "/{name}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String getMovie(@PathVariable String name, ModelMap model) {
        model.addAttribute("name", name);
        model.addAttribute("query", "");
        model.addAttribute("submit", "");
        return "hello";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/query", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String query(@RequestParam("name") String name, ModelMap model) {
        model.addAttribute("name", "");
        model.addAttribute("query", name);
        model.addAttribute("submit", "");
        return "hello";
    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "/submit", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public String submit(@RequestParam("name") String name, ModelMap model) {
        model.addAttribute("name", "");
        model.addAttribute("query", "");
        model.addAttribute("submit", name);
        return "hello";
    }

}

ApplicationContext.java

package com.springthymeleaf;

import javax.servlet.ServletContext;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.web.context.ServletContextAware;

/**
 * 将ContextPath写入application中，给静态文件引用时用、及URL链接地址用
 */
@Component
public class ApplicationContext implements ServletContextAware {

    @Override
    public void setServletContext(ServletContext context) {
        String ctx = context.getContextPath();
        System.out.println("ctx=" + ctx);
        context.setAttribute("ctx", ctx);
    }

}

五、参考链接：

thymeleaf 模板语言简介 http://blog.csdn.net/mlin_123/article/details/51816533

org.thymeleaf.spring4.templateresolver模板视图解析器 http://http://blog.csdn.net/mayi92/article/details/77720663