使用SpringMVC框架需要在web.xml,spring-mvc.xml和applicationContext.xml以及注解类进行配置,下面的例子使用注解类进行配置bean,未使用xml方式
首先上web.xml的配置:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <display-name>Eryi</display-name> <!-- 监听器Spring,web容器启动的时候,会自动装配Spring的位于/WEB-INF/下的applicationContext.xml --> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class> </listener> <!-- 默认是/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml --> <context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value> </context-param> <servlet> <!-- load-on-startup:表示启动容器时初始化该Servlet; --> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:springmvc-context.xml</param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <!-- url-pattern:表示哪些请求交给Spring Web MVC处理, “/” 是用来定义默认servlet映射的。 --> <!-- 也可以如“*.html”表示拦截所有以html为扩展名的请求。 --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>spring</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- 自此请求已交给Spring Web MVC框架处理,因此我们需要配置Spring的配置文件, --> <!-- 默认DispatcherServlet会加载WEB-INF/[DispatcherServlet的Servlet名字,也就是上面的spring]-servlet.xml配置文件。 --> <!-- 即spring-servlet.xml --> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
applicationContext.xml
因为我们要使用注解,所以我们不在applicationContext.xml进行配置,里面不填写内容就行:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans:beans xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd "> </beans:beans>
spring-mvc.xml,这里要将指定包下的bean类让spring管理:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd"> <!-- 设置使用注解的类所在的jar包 --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.springMVC.demo" /> </beans>
com.springMVC.demo包下面的bean类:
package com.springMVC.demo; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; @Controller public class HelloController { @RequestMapping("/hello") public @ResponseBody String test() { return "hello, world! This com from spring!"; } }
maven.xml中Spring-mvc的配置:
<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> <version>${spring.version}</version> </dependency>
项目图:
访问Hello页面,得到运行结果: