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由于工作的需要，最近又要配置一遍HBase集群了，正好先在自己的电脑上再熟悉一下。
Hbase的前提工作是必须要装好Hadoop集群，我在之前的博客上讲解了如何装伪分布式和全分布式，这里大家可以去看一下Hadoop集群的搭建
启动ZK和Hadoop集群
若将zk和hadoop配置到环境变量，则使用：
zkServer.sh start
start-hdfs.sh
start-yarn.sh
若没有配置环境变量，则需要进去zk的bin目录下，hadoop的sbin目录下启动。
配置HBase的配置信息
这里我使用的是Xshell，可以直接将下好的tar包拉取到root目录下，解压到/usr/local下
tar -xvf hbase-1.3.1-bin.tar.gz -C /usr/local
进入到hbase的conf目录下
cd /usr/local/hbase-1.3.1/conf
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_152 //添加自己机器上的jdk
export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false //不使用hbase自带的zookeeper
修改hbase-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>hdfs://node01:9000/hbase</value>
<!--这里的为hdfs的ip和端口,可能hdfs端口为8020-->
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<!-- 0.98 后的新变动，之前版本没有.port,默认端口为 60000 -->
<property>
<name>hbase.master.port</name>
<value>16000</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>node01:2181,node02:2181,node03:2181</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>
<value>/usr/local/zookeeper-3.4.10/zkData</value>
</property>
</configuration>
vi regionservers
node01
node02
node03
替换Jar包
因为hbase依赖于hadoop和zookeeper，而自带的关于hadoop、zookeeper的jar包不合适，所以要将依赖的包替换成相对应hadoop、zookeeper版本的jar包。
jar包在lib目录下
删除如下jar包
rm -rf /usr/local/hbase-1.3.1/lib/hadoop-*
rm -rf /usr/local/hbase-1.3.1/lib/zookeeper-3.4.6.jar
依赖的新jar包列表
hadoop-annotations-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-auth-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-client-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-common-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-hdfs-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-mapreduce-client-app-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-mapreduce-client-common-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-mapreduce-client-core-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-mapreduce-client-hs-plugins-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-mapreduce-client-jobclient-2.7.2-tests.jar
hadoop-mapreduce-client-shuffle-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-yarn-api-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-yarn-applications-distributedshell-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-yarn-applications-unmanaged-am-launcher-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-yarn-client-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-yarn-common-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-yarn-server-applicationhistoryservice-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-yarn-server-common-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-yarn-server-nodemanager-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-yarn-server-resourcemanager-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-yarn-server-tests-2.7.2.jar
hadoop-yarn-server-web-proxy-2.7.2.jar
zookeeper-3.4.5.jar
可以在你目前安装好的hadoop和zookeeper的lib目录下寻找对应的jar包，操作为
find /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/ -name hadoop-annotations*
建立软连接
软连接相当于创建了快捷连接方式
ln -s /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/core-site.xml /usr/local/hbase-1.3.1/conf/core-site.xml
ln -s /usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/etc/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml /usr/local/hbase-1.3.1/conf/hdfs-site.xml
在conf中显示如下
远程拷贝HBase
需要将HBase拷贝到想创建的集群的其他机器上，比如我这里在node01上进行的操作，要将HBase拷贝到node02，node03上
scp -r /usr/local/hbase-1.3.1/ node02:/usr/local/
scp -r /usr/local/hbase-1.3.1/ node03:/usr/local/
启动与关闭服务
方式一
bin/hbase-daemon.sh start master //启动HMaster
bin/hbase-daemon.sh start regionserver //启动HRegionServer
方式二
bin/start-hbase.sh //启动
bin/stop-hbase.sh //关闭
使用JPS可以看到进程为
在浏览器上输入ip:16010可以查看HBase网页
常见问题汇总
使用第一种方式，出现
org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ClockOutOfSyncException: org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ClockOutOfSyncException: Server ub9001,60020,1343694176934 has been rejected; Reported time is too far out of sync with master. Time difference of 410865ms > max allowed of 180000ms
at sun.reflect.NativeConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance0(Native Method)
这是因为集群时间不同步的原因，这里有两种方案：
方案一：配置集群时间同步
方案二：修改hbase.master.maxclockskew
<property>
<name>hbase.master.maxclockskew</name>
<value>180000</value>
<description>Time difference of regionserver from master</description>
</property>
使用start-hbase.sh后，出现
node01: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
node01: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
node01: Error: A JNI error has occurred, please check your installation and try again
node01: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NoClassDefFoundError: org/apache/hadoop/fs/FileSystem
node01: at java.lang.Class.getDeclaredMethods0(Native Method)
node01: at java.lang.Class.privateGetDeclaredMethods(Class.java:2701)
node01: at java.lang.Class.privateGetMethodRecursive(Class.java:3048)
node01: at java.lang.Class.getMethod0(Class.java:3018)
node01: at java.lang.Class.getMethod(Class.java:1784)
这时，需要将hbase-env.sh中的HBASE_MASTER_OPTS和HBASE_REGIONSERVER_OPTS前面加#注释掉。
打开后出现如下代码，且无HMaster，检查集群是否打开，ZK和Hadoop是否正常。
node02: starting regionserver, logging to /usr/local/hbase-1.3.1/bin/../logs/hbase-root-regionserver-spark02.out
node03: starting regionserver, logging to /usr/local/hbase-1.3.1/bin/../logs/hbase-root-regionserver-spark03.out
node01: starting regionserver, logging to /usr/local/hbase-1.3.1/bin/../logs/hbase-root-regionserver-spark01.out
node03: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
node03: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
node02: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option PermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
node02: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize=128m; support was removed in 8.0
关闭时，出现：stopping hbasecat: /tmp/hbase-root-master.pid: No such file or directory，需要手动kill掉，这是因为没有Master节点或者pid丢失，若为pid文件丢失，可在hbase-env.sh中配置export HBASE_PID_DIR=/usr/local/hadoop-2.7.2/pids
打开集群发现只有一台HregionServer在线，其余为死亡状态，日志如下：
2018-11-20 16:53:19,226 ERROR [main] regionserver.HRegionServerCommandLine: Region server exiting
java.lang.RuntimeException: HRegionServer Aborted
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.HRegionServerCommandLine.start(HRegionServerCommandLine.java:68)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.HRegionServerCommandLine.run(HRegionServerCommandLine.java:87)
at org.apache.hadoop.util.ToolRunner.run(ToolRunner.java:70)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.ServerCommandLine.doMain(ServerCommandLine.java:126)
at org.apache.hadoop.hbase.regionserver.HRegionServer.main(HRegionServer.java:2721)
配置一下集群时间同步，再从主节点重新拷贝到其他节点就好了。