所谓ModelDriven，意思是直接把实体类当成页面数据的收集对象。比如，有实体类User如下：
package cn.com.leadfar.struts2.actions;
public class User {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private int age;
private String address;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
}
假如要写一个Action，用来添加User。
第一种做法是直接在Action中定义所有需要的属性，然后在JSP中直接用属性名称来提交数据：
UserAction:
public class UserAction {
private int id;
private String username;
private String password;
private int age;
private String address;
public String add(){
User user = new User();
user.setId(id);
user.setUsername(username);
user.setPassword(password);
user.setAge(age);
user.setAddress(address);
new UserManager().addUser(user);
return "success";
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
public int getAge() {
return age;
}
public void setAge(int age) {
this.age = age;
}
public String getAddress() {
return address;
}
public void setAddress(String address) {
this.address = address;
}
}
add_input.jsp:
<form action="test/user.action" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="method:add">
username:<input type="text" name="username"> <br/>
password:<input type="text" name="password"> <br/>
age:<input type="text" name="age"> <br/>
address:<input type="text" name="address"> <br/>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="添加用户">
</form> <br/>
上述做法不好之处是：如果实体类的属性非常多，那么Action中也要定义相同的属性。
第二种做法是将User对象定义到UserAction中，然后在JSP中通过user属性来给user赋值：
UserAction:
public class UserAction {
private User user;
public String add(){
new UserManager().addUser(user);
return "success";
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
}
add_input.jsp:
<form action="test/user.action" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="method:add">
username:<input type="text" name="user.username"> <br/>
password:<input type="text" name="user.password"> <br/>
age:<input type="text" name="user.age"> <br/>
address:<input type="text" name="user.address"> <br/>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="添加用户">
</form> <br/>
这种做法不好的地方是：JSP页面上表单域中的命名变得太长
第三种做法是利用ModelDriven机制，让UserAction实现一个ModelDriven接口，同时实现接口中的方法：getModel()。如下所示：
public class UserAction implements ModelDriven{
private User user;
@Override
public Object getModel() {
if(user == null){
user = new User();
}
return user;
}
public String add(){
new UserManager().addUser(user);
return "success";
}
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
}
JSP的代码如下：
<form action="test/user.action" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="method:add">
username:<input type="text" name="username"> <br/>
password:<input type="text" name="password"> <br/>
age:<input type="text" name="age"> <br/>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="添加用户">
</form> <br/>
可见，第三种做法是比较好的，Action和JSP写起来都比较简单。
ModelDriven背后的机制？
ModelDriven背后的机制就是ValueStack。界面通过：username/age/address这样的名称，就能够被直接赋值给user对象，这证明user对象正是ValueStack中的一个root对象！
那么，为什么user对象会在ValueStack中呢？它是什么时候被压入ValueStack的呢？答案是：ModelDrivenInterceptor（关于Interceptor的概念，请参考后续章节的说明）。ModelDrivenInterceptor是缺省的拦截器链的一部分，当一个请求经过ModelDrivenInterceptor的时候，在这个拦截器中，会判断当前要调用的Action对象是否实现了ModelDriven接口，如果实现了这个接口，则调用getModel()方法，并把返回值（本例是返回user对象）压入ValueStack。
请看ModelDrivenInterceptor的代码：
public class ModelDrivenInterceptor extends AbstractInterceptor {
protected boolean refreshModelBeforeResult = false;
public void setRefreshModelBeforeResult(boolean val) {
this.refreshModelBeforeResult = val;
}
@Override
public String intercept(ActionInvocation invocation) throws Exception {
Object action = invocation.getAction();
if (action instanceof ModelDriven) {
ModelDriven modelDriven = (ModelDriven) action;
ValueStack stack = invocation.getStack();
Object model = modelDriven.getModel();
if (model != null) {
stack.push(model);
}
if (refreshModelBeforeResult) {
invocation.addPreResultListener(new RefreshModelBeforeResult(modelDriven, model));
}
}
return invocation.invoke();
}
从ModelDrivenInterceptor中，即可以看到model对象被压入ValueStack中！