rabbitmq--topic主题路由模型

上一篇，我们介绍了直接路由模型，这一篇我们介绍下主题路由模型。

就如同上一篇所说，直接路由模型和主题路由模型非常相似，它们唯一区别在于：直接路由模型对于路由key是精确匹配的，而主题路由模型对于路由key是模糊匹配的(使用通配符 )。

因此当我们了解上一篇中的直接路由模型，也不难理解本篇中的主题路由模型了。如图：

那么topic中的路由key的匹配规则是什么呢？

topic模式中路由key中存在两种通配符 * 和 #

* (star) can substitute for exactly one word. *匹配明确的一个单词
# (hash) can substitute for zero or more words. #匹配0到多个单词

topic模式中若路由key为"#" ，则表示对所有队列感兴趣，相当于fanout

topic模式中若路由key中不含有*和#字符时，则表示只对精确匹配的路由key队列感兴趣，则相对于routing

示例代码：

生产者

package com.tingcream.rabbitmq.topic;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;

public class TopicLogProducer {
	
	private static String EXCHANGE_NAME="topic_logs";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		
		
		 ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
         
			//主机  端口  vhost 用户名 密码
			factory.setHost("192.168.9.102");
			factory.setUsername("rabbitmq");
			factory.setPassword("rabbitmq123");
			factory.setPort(AMQP.PROTOCOL.PORT);
			factory.setVirtualHost("/");
         
        Connection connection=factory.newConnection();
        Channel channel=connection.createChannel();
        

//        lazy.black.elephant    懒惰的黑色的象
//        lazy.white.sheep       懒惰的白色的羊
//        quick.black.horse      快速的黑色的马
//        quick.red.horse        快速的红色的马
        
        channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME,"topic");  
        
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
            String message="你好,这是lazy.black.elephant级别消息 "+i;
             channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME,"lazy.black.elephant",null,message.getBytes());
             System.out.println("TopicLogProducer Send: " + message );
        }
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
        	String message="你好,这是lazy.white.sheep级别消息 "+i;
        	channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME,"lazy.white.sheep",null,message.getBytes());
        	System.out.println("TopicLogProducer Send: " + message );
        }
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
        	String message="你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 "+i;
        	channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME,"quick.black.horse",null,message.getBytes());
        	System.out.println("TopicLogProducer Send: " + message );
        }
        for (int i=0;i<10;i++){
        	String message="你好,这是quick.red.horse级别消息 "+i;
        	channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME,"quick.red.horse",null,message.getBytes());
        	System.out.println("TopicLogProducer Send: " + message );
        }
        channel.close();
        connection.close();
    }

}

消费者A

package com.tingcream.rabbitmq.topic;

import java.io.IOException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;

public class TopicLogReceiverA {
	private static    String EXCHANGE_NAME="topic_logs";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		
		ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        
		//主机  端口  vhost 用户名 密码
		factory.setHost("192.168.9.102");
		factory.setUsername("rabbitmq");
		factory.setPassword("rabbitmq123");
		factory.setPort(AMQP.PROTOCOL.PORT);
		factory.setVirtualHost("/");
	    Connection connection=factory.newConnection();
	    Channel channel=connection.createChannel();
	    
	    
	    channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");
	    
	    //获取一个随机的队列名称   
	    String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
	    
	    
	    
	    
	    //  绑定routingKey "#" 表示对所有队列感兴趣 ，相当于fanout 
	    //  绑定routingKey 若不含"#"和"*",表示只对精确匹配的路由key队列感兴趣，则相对于routing 
	    
	    
	   // channel.queueBind(queue, exchange, routingKey)
	    channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, "*.black.*"); 
	    System.out.println("TopicLogReceiverA Waiting for messages");
	    
	      Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
	        @Override
	        public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope,
	                                   AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
	          String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");
	          System.out.println( "TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：" + message );   
	        }
	      };
	      channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);
	}

}

消费者B

package com.tingcream.rabbitmq.topic;

import java.io.IOException;

import com.rabbitmq.client.AMQP;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Consumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.DefaultConsumer;
import com.rabbitmq.client.Envelope;

public class TopicLogReceiverB {
	private static    String EXCHANGE_NAME="topic_logs";
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
		
		ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
        
		//主机  端口  vhost 用户名 密码
		factory.setHost("192.168.9.102");
		factory.setUsername("rabbitmq");
		factory.setPassword("rabbitmq123");
		factory.setPort(AMQP.PROTOCOL.PORT);
		factory.setVirtualHost("/");
	    Connection connection=factory.newConnection();
	    Channel channel=connection.createChannel();
	    
	    
	    channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");
	    
	    //获取一个随机的队列名称   
	    String queueName = channel.queueDeclare().getQueue();
	    
	    
	   // channel.queueBind(queue, exchange, routingKey)  //bind方法可以调用多次，绑定多个
	    channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, "quick.#"); 
	    channel.queueBind(queueName, EXCHANGE_NAME, "*.white.*"); 
	    
	    
	    
	    System.out.println("TopicLogReceiverB Waiting for messages");
	    
	      Consumer consumer = new DefaultConsumer(channel) {
	        @Override
	        public void handleDelivery(String consumerTag, Envelope envelope,
	                                   AMQP.BasicProperties properties, byte[] body) throws IOException {
	          String message = new String(body, "UTF-8");
	          System.out.println( "TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：" + message );   
	        }
	      };
	      channel.basicConsume(queueName, true, consumer);
	}

}

依次启动消费者A、B和生产者。

消费者A输出

TopicLogReceiverA Waiting for messages
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.black.elephant级别消息 0
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.black.elephant级别消息 1
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.black.elephant级别消息 2
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.black.elephant级别消息 3
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.black.elephant级别消息 4
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.black.elephant级别消息 5
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.black.elephant级别消息 6
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.black.elephant级别消息 7
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.black.elephant级别消息 8
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.black.elephant级别消息 9
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 0
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 1
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 2
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 3
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 4
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 5
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 6
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 7
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 8
TopicLogReceiverA接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 9

消费者B输出：

TopicLogReceiverB Waiting for messages
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.white.sheep级别消息 0
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.white.sheep级别消息 1
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.white.sheep级别消息 2
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.white.sheep级别消息 3
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.white.sheep级别消息 4
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.white.sheep级别消息 5
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.white.sheep级别消息 6
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.white.sheep级别消息 7
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.white.sheep级别消息 8
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是lazy.white.sheep级别消息 9
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 0
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 1
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 2
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 3
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 4
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 5
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 6
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 7
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 8
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.black.horse级别消息 9
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.red.horse级别消息 0
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.red.horse级别消息 1
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.red.horse级别消息 2
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.red.horse级别消息 3
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.red.horse级别消息 4
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.red.horse级别消息 5
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.red.horse级别消息 6
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.red.horse级别消息 7
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.red.horse级别消息 8
TopicLogReceiverB接收到消息：你好,这是quick.red.horse级别消息 9

管理后台中 exchange标签项中多出了一个topic交换机，名叫 topic_logs ，这就是我们刚声明的topic类型交换机。

rabbitmq--topic主题路由模型

猜你喜欢