【ActiveMQ】三 项目集成MQ

一 嵌入式的MQ实例

1.1 broker启动

一个broker相当于一个activeMQ实例。

1：activemqstart ：使用默认的activemq.xml来启动

2：activemqstart xbean:file:../conf/activemq-2.xml ：使用指定的配置文件 来启动

3：如果不指定file，也就是xbean:activemq-2.xml，那么xml必须在classpath下面

 

1.2 代码嵌入broker

1.2.1 启动方式说明

1：Broker Service启动broker ，示例如下：

BrokerServicebroker = new BrokerService();

broker.setUseJmx(true);

broker.addConnector("tcp://localhost:61616");

broker.start(); 

 

2：BrokerFactory启动broker ，示例如下：

String Uri = "properties:broker.properties";

BrokerServicebroker1 = BrokerFactory.createBroker(newURI(Uri));

broker1.addConnector("tcp://localhost:61616");

broker1.start(); 

 

3：broker.properties的内容示例如下：

useJmx=true

persistent=false

brokerName=Cheese

 

1.2.2 启动实例

(1)Broker服务

public class Snippet {

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

    BrokerService broker = new BrokerService();

    broker.setUseJmx(true);

    broker.addConnector("tcp://localhost:61616");

    broker.start();

 }

}

(2)Sender

public class MsgSendder {

     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

     ActiveMQConnectionFactory ConnectionFactoryconnectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("tcp://localhost:61616");

         Connection connection = ConnectionFactoryconnectionFactory.createConnection();

     connection.start();

     Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

     Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue");

     MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination);

          for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

               TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("message--" + i);

                   Thread.sleep(1000);

                       producer.send(message);

          }

          session.commit();

          session.close();

          connection.close();

     }

}

(3)Receiver

public class MsgReceiver {

     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

     ConnectionFactory cf = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("tcp://localhost:61616");

     Connection connection = cf.createConnection();

         connection.start();

     final Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

     Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue");

         MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);

         int i = 0;

         while (i < 3) {

              i++;

              TextMessage message = (TextMessage) consumer.receive();

              session.commit();

              System.out.println("收到消息：" + message.getText());

         }

     session.close();

     connection.close();

     }

}

 

1.3 spring嵌入broker

1.3.1 spring配置

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">

     <bean id="broker" class="org.apache.activemq.broker.BrokerService"

         init-method="start" destroy-method="stop">

         <property name="brokerName" value="myBroker" />

         <property name="persistent" value="false" />

         <property name="transportConnectorURIs">

              <list>

                   <value>tcp://localhost:61616</value>

              </list>

         </property>

     </bean>

</beans>

1.3.2 sender

public class MsgSendder {

     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

         ActiveMQConnectionFactory ConnectionFactoryconnectionFactory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("tcp://localhost:61616");

         Connection connection = ConnectionFactoryconnectionFactory.createConnection();

         connection.start();

         Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

         Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue");

         MessageProducer producer = session.createProducer(destination);

              for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++) {

                   TextMessage message = session.createTextMessage("message--" + i);

                       Thread.sleep(1000);

                       producer.send(message);

              }

              session.commit();

              session.close();

              connection.close();

         }

}

1.3.3 receiver

public class MsgReceiver {

     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

         ConnectionFactory cf = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory("tcp://localhost:61616");

         Connection connection = cf.createConnection();

         connection.start();

         final Session session = connection.createSession(Boolean.TRUE, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);

         Destination destination = session.createQueue("my-queue");

         MessageConsumer consumer = session.createConsumer(destination);

         int i = 0;

         while (i < 3) {

              i++;

              TextMessage message = (TextMessage) consumer.receive();

              session.commit();

              System.out.println("收到消息：" + message.getText());

         }

         session.close();

         connection.close();

     }

}

 

二 spring集成MQ

2.1 spring继承MQ(p2p)

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:resource/*.properties" />

    <context:component-scan base-package="xiao.it.*"/>

    <bean id="jmsFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.pool.PooledConnectionFactory"

        destroy-method="stop">

        <property name="connectionFactory">

            <bean class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">

                <property name="brokerURL">

                    <value>tcp://192.168.232.128:61616</value>

                </property>

            </bean>

        </property>

        <property name="maxConnections" value="100"></property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">

        <property name="connectionFactory" ref="jmsFactory" />

        <property name="defaultDestination" ref="destination" />

        <property name="messageConverter">

            <bean

                class="org.springframework.jms.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter" />

        </property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="destination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">

        <constructor-arg index="0"  value="spring-queue" />

    </bean>

    <bean id="springSender" class="xiao.it.jms.SpringSender"></bean>

    <bean id="springReceiver" class="xiao.it.jms.SpringReceiver"></bean>

</beans>

2.2 producer

public class SpringSender {

    @Autowired

    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate= null;

    public static void main(String[] args)

    {

        @SuppressWarnings("resource")

        ApplicationContext ctx= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-service.xml");

        SpringSender ct = (SpringSender)ctx.getBean("springSender");

        ct.jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() {

            public Message createMessage(Session s) throws JMSException {

                TextMessage msg= s.createTextMessage("Springmsg===");

                return msg;

            }

        });

    }

}

2.3 consumer

@Service

public class SpringReceiver {

    @Autowired

    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate= null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        @SuppressWarnings("resource")

        ApplicationContext ctx= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-service.xml");

        SpringReceiver ct = (SpringReceiver)ctx.getBean("springReceiver");

        String msg= (String)ct.jmsTemplate.receiveAndConvert();

        System.out.println("msg==="+msg);

    }

}

 

2.4 spring继承MQ(pub/sub)

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

     xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">

     <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:resource/*.properties" />

     <context:component-scan base-package="xiao.it.*"/>

     <bean id="jmsFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.pool.PooledConnectionFactory"

         destroy-method="stop">

         <property name="connectionFactory">

              <bean class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">

                   <property name="brokerURL">

                       <value>tcp://192.168.232.128:61616</value>

                   </property>

              </bean>

         </property>

         <property name="maxConnections" value="100"></property>

     </bean>

     <bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">

         <property name="connectionFactory" ref="jmsFactory" />

         <property name="defaultDestination" ref="destinationTopic" />

         <property name="messageConverter">

              <bean

                   class="org.springframework.jms.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter" />

         </property>

     </bean>

     <bean id="destination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">

         <constructor-arg index="0"  value="spring-queue" />

     </bean>

     <bean id="destinationTopic" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQTopic">

         <constructor-arg index="0" value="spring-topic" />

     </bean>

     <bean id="springSender" class="xiao.it.jms.SpringSender"></bean>

     <!-- <bean id="springReceiver" class="xiao.it.jms.SpringReceiver"></bean> -->

</beans>

2.5 producer

public class SpringSender {

    @Autowired

    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate= null;

    public static void main(String[] args)

    {

        @SuppressWarnings("resource")

        ApplicationContext ctx= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-service.xml");

        SpringSender ct = (SpringSender)ctx.getBean("springSender");

        ct.jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() {

            public Message createMessage(Session s) throws JMSException {

                TextMessage msg= s.createTextMessage("Springmsg===");

                return msg;

            }

        });

    }

}

2.6 consumer

@Service

public class SpringReceiver {

    @Autowired

    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate= null;

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        @SuppressWarnings("resource")

        ApplicationContext ctx= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-service.xml");

        SpringReceiver ct = (SpringReceiver)ctx.getBean("springReceiver");

        String msg= (String)ct.jmsTemplate.receiveAndConvert();

        System.out.println("msg==="+msg);

    }

}

 

2.7 spring继承MQ(消息监听器)

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"

    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"

    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"

    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc

http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context

http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop

http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx

http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:resource/*.properties" />

    <context:component-scan base-package="xiao.it.*" />

    <bean id="jmsFactory" class="org.apache.activemq.pool.PooledConnectionFactory"

       destroy-method="stop">

       <property name="connectionFactory">

           <bean class="org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory">

              <property name="brokerURL">

                  <value>tcp://192.168.232.128:61616</value>

              </property>

           </bean>

       </property>

       <property name="maxConnections" value="100"></property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">

       <property name="connectionFactory" ref="jmsFactory" />

       <property name="defaultDestination" ref="destinationTopic" />

       <property name="messageConverter">

           <bean

              class="org.springframework.jms.support.converter.SimpleMessageConverter" />

       </property>

    </bean>

    <bean id="destinationTopic" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQTopic">

       <constructor-arg index="0" value="spring-topic" />

    </bean>

<!--   <bean id="destination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">

       <constructor-arg index="0" value="spring-queue" />

    </bean>

    <bean id="springReceiver" class="xiao.it.jms.SpringReceiver"></bean> -->


    <bean id="jmsContainer"

       class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer">

       <property name="connectionFactory" ref="jmsFactory" />

       <property name="destination" ref="destinationTopic" />

       <property name="messageListener" ref="messageListener" />

    </bean>

    <bean id="messageListener" class="xiao.it.jms.MyMessageListener">

    </bean>

</beans>

2.8 producer

public class SpringSender {

    @Autowired

    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate= null;

    public static void main(String[] args)

    {

        @SuppressWarnings("resource")

        ApplicationContext ctx= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("spring-service.xml");

        SpringSender ct = (SpringSender)ctx.getBean("springSender");

        ct.jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() {

            public Message createMessage(Session s) throws JMSException {

                TextMessage msg= s.createTextMessage("Springmsg===");

                return msg;

            }

        });

    }

}

2.9 consumer

前提是已经通过spring进行初始化，并且注入

public class MyMessageListener implements MessageListener

{

    public void onMessage(Message message) {

        TextMessage msg= (TextMessage)message;

        try {

            System.out.println("receivetxt msg==="+msg.getText());

            } catch (JMSException e) {

                e.printStackTrace();

            }

    }

}

2.10 最佳实践和建议

1：Spring消息发送的核心架构是JmsTemplate，隔离了像打开、关闭Session和 Producer的繁琐操作，因此应用开发人员仅仅需要关注实际的业务逻辑。但是 JmsTemplate损害了ActiveMQ的PooledConnectionFactory对session和消息 producer的缓存机制而带来的性能提升。

2：新的Spring里面，可以设置 org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory的 sessionCacheSize ，或者干脆使用ActiveMQ的PooledConnectionFactory

3：不建议使用JmsTemplate的receive()调用，因为在JmsTemplate上的所有调用都 是同步的，这意味着调用线程需要被阻塞，直到方法返回，这对性能影响很大

4：请使用DefaultMessageListenerContainer，它允许异步接收消息并缓存session 和消息consumer，而且还可以根据消息数量动态的增加或缩减监听器的数量

                                                                                                                                                        

三 ActiveMQ的通信协议

client-broker通讯协议如下：

 1：TCP：这个也是缺省使用的协议 2：NIO 3：UDP 4：SSL 5：Http（s）

 

3.1 TCP协议Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

1：这是默认的Broker配置，TCP的Client监听端口是61616。

2：在网络传输数据前，必须要序列化数据，消息是通过一个叫wire protocol的来序列化成字 节流。默认情况下，ActiveMQ把wire protocol叫做OpenWire，它的目的是促使网络上的效 率和数据快速交互。

3：TCP连接的URI形式：tcp://hostname:port?key=value&key=value，加粗部分是必须的

4：TCP传输的优点：

（1） TCP协议传输可靠性高，稳定性强

（2）高效性：字节流方式传递，效率很高

（3）有效性、可用性：应用广泛，支持任何平台

5：所有关于Transport协议的可配置参数，可以参见： http://activemq.apache.org/configuring-version-5-transports.html

 

3.2 New I/O API Protocol（NIO）

1：NIO协议和TCP协议类似，但NIO更侧重于底层的访问操作。它允许开发人员对同一资源可有 更多的client调用和服务端有更多的负载

2：适合使用NIO协议的场景：

（1）可能有大量的Client去链接到Broker上 一般情况下，大量的Client去链接Broker是被操作系统的线程数所限制的。因此， NIO的实现比TCP需要更少的线程去运行，所以建议使用NIO协议

（2）可能对于Broker有一个很迟钝的网络传输 NIO比TCP提供更好的性能

3：NIO连接的URI形式：nio://hostname:port?key=value

4：Transport Connector配置示例：

 <transportConnectors>

<transportConnector name="tcp" uri="tcp://localhost:61616?trace=true" />

  <transportConnectorname="nio"uri="nio://localhost:61618?trace=true"/> </transportConnectors>

上面的配置，示范了一个TCP协议监听61616端口，一个NIO协议监听61618端口

 

3.3 User Datagram Protocol（UDP)

1：UDP和TCP的区别

（1）TCP是一个原始流的传递协议，意味着数据包是有保证的，换句话说，数据包是不会被复 制和丢失的。UDP，另一方面，它是不会保证数据包的传递的

（2）TCP也是一个稳定可靠的数据包传递协议，意味着数据在传递的过程中不会被丢失。这样 确保了在发送和接收之间能够可靠的传递。相反，UDP仅仅是一个链接协议，所以它没有可 靠性之说

2：从上面可以得出：TCP是被用在稳定可靠的场景中使用的；UDP通常用在快速数据传递和不 怕数据丢失的场景中，还有ActiveMQ通过防火墙时，只能用UDP

3：UDP连接的URI形式：udp://hostname:port?key=value

4：Transport Connector配置示例：

<transportConnectors>

<transportConnector name="udp" uri="udp://localhost:61618?trace=true" />

 </transportConnectors>

3.4 Secure Sockets Layer Protocol (SSL)

1：连接的URI形式：ssl://hostname:port?key=value

2：Transport Connector配置示例：

<transportConnectors>

 <transportConnectorname="ssl"uri="ssl://localhost:61617?trace=true"/> </transportConnectors>

3.5 Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP/HTTPS)

1：像web和email等服务需要通过防火墙来访问的，Http可以使用这种场合

2：连接的URI形式：http://hostname:port?key=value或者 https://hostname:port?key=value 3：Transport Connector配置示例：

<transportConnectors>

<transportConnectorname="http"uri="http://localhost:8080?trace=true"/> </transportConnectors>

3.6 VM Protocol（VM）

1：VM transport允许在VM内部通信，从而避免了网络传输的开销。这时候采用的连 接不是socket连接，而是直接的方法调用。

2：第一个创建VM连接的客户会启动一个embed VM broker，接下来所有使用相同的 broker name的VM连接都会使用这个broker。当这个broker上所有的连接都关闭 的时候，这个broker也会自动关闭。

3：连接的URI形式：vm://brokerName?key=value

4：Java中嵌入的方式：

 vm:broker:(tcp://localhost:6000)?brokerName=embeddedbroker&persistent=fal se ， 定义了一个嵌入的broker名称为embededbroker以及配置了一个 tcptransprotconnector在监听端口6000上

5：使用一个加载一个配置文件来启动broker

vm://localhost?brokerConfig=xbean:activemq.xml