下载安装包：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
下载好后，解压，我这里把mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64.tar 改名成了mysql5.7.23.tar.gz
解压后有两个解压包，只管mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64.tar.gz这个包，另一个是测试包不用管
[root@git /]# ls /
bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt mysql5.7.23.tar.gz opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
[root@git /]# tar -xf mysql5.7.23.tar.gz
[root@git /]# ls
bin dev home lib64 mnt mysql5.7.23.tar.gz opt root sbin sys usr
boot etc lib media mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64.tar.gz mysql-test-5.7.23-el7-x86_64.tar.gz proc run srv tmp var
[root@git /]# useradd -s /bin/false -d /usr/local/mysql/ mysql
／／创建用户
[root@git /]# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/data
[root@git bin]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql
／／创建目录 （这里没装过数据库是没有mysql这个目录的）
[root@git /]# tar -xf mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@git /]# cd mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64/
[root@git mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64]# ls
bin COPYING docs include lib man README share support-files
[root@git mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64]# cd bin/
[root@git bin]# ls
innochecksum my_print_defaults mysql_config mysqldump mysqlpump mysql_tzinfo_to_sql resolve_stack_dump
lz4_decompress mysql mysql_config_editor mysqldumpslow mysql_secure_installation mysql_upgrade zlib_decompress
myisamchk mysqladmin mysqld mysql_embedded mysqlshow mysqlxtest
myisam_ftdump mysqlbinlog mysqld-debug mysqlimport mysqlslap perror
myisamlog mysqlcheck mysqld_multi mysql_install_db mysql_ssl_rsa_setup replace
myisampack mysql_client_test_embedded mysqld_safe mysql_plugin mysqltest_embedded resolveip
[root@git bin]# yum -y install libaio gcc make
//安装依赖包
[root@git bin]# ./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
2018-08-03T08:22:14.766220Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2018-08-03T08:22:14.768375Z 0 [ERROR] Can't find error-message file '/usr/local/mysql/share/errmsg.sys'. Check error-message file location and 'lc-messages-dir' configuration directive.
2018-08-03T08:22:15.280059Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2018-08-03T08:22:15.372315Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2018-08-03T08:22:15.435202Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: 543f3d19-96f6-11e8-a609-525400603f3a.
2018-08-03T08:22:15.486161Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2018-08-03T08:22:15.486770Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wM<vlfOyU8kN
//到这里就安装完了，wM<vlfOyU8kN是密码，每次安装初始密码都不一样
修改配置
[root@git /]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
#skip-grant-tables
secure_file_priv="/usr/local/mysql"
port = 3306
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
socket=/tmp/mysql.sock
pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
character_set_server=utf8
user=mysql
max_connections=1500
symbolic-links=0
!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d
启动服务
[root@git mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64]# pwd
/mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64
[root@git mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64]# ls
bin COPYING docs include lib man README share support-files
[root@git mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@git mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64]# cp -r bin/ /usr/local/mysql/
[root@git mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
[root@git mysql-5.7.23-el7-x86_64]# cd /
[root@git /]# /etc/init.d/mysqld restart
Shutting down MySQL.. SUCCESS!
Starting MySQL. SUCCESS!
修改密码
[root@git /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/bin/
[root@git bin]# ls
innochecksum my_print_defaults mysql_config mysqldump mysqlpump mysql_tzinfo_to_sql resolve_stack_dump
lz4_decompress mysql mysql_config_editor mysqldumpslow mysql_secure_installation mysql_upgrade zlib_decompress
myisamchk mysqladmin mysqld mysql_embedded mysqlshow mysqlxtest
myisam_ftdump mysqlbinlog mysqld-debug mysqlimport mysqlslap perror
myisamlog mysqlcheck mysqld_multi mysql_install_db mysql_ssl_rsa_setup replace
myisampack mysql_client_test_embedded mysqld_safe mysql_plugin mysqltest_embedded resolveip
[root@git bin]# ./mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
常见错误:
错误一：
mysql> set password=password("wM<vlfOyU8kN");
ERROR 1290 (HY000): Unknown error 1290
---先执行
mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> set password=password("wM<vlfOyU8kN");
ERROR 1133 (42000):
mysql> set password for root@localhost = password('123456');
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
错误二：
[root@bakserver bin]# ./mysqld --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --initialize
./mysqld: error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
运行该命令后出现的报错如下：
error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory
出现该问题首先检查该链接库文件有没有安装使用 命令进行核查
rpm -qa|grep libaio
运行该命令后发现系统中无该链接库文件
使用命令，yum install libaio-devel.x86_64
安装成功后，继续运行数据库的初始化命令，提示成功。