Linux下源码安装并配置Nginx

实验环境

一台最小化安装的CentOS 7.3 虚拟机

安装nginx

安装nginx依赖包

yum install -y pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel wget gcc tree vim

Nginx依赖于pcre、zlib、openssl,在编译前配置时如果有问题
可以使用yum方式安装三个包（pcre-devel、zlib-devel、openssl-devel）

从Nginx官网下载Nginx源码包

wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

解压Nginx源码包到/root/nginx，并查看Nginx源文件结构

tar -xzvf nginx-1.12.2.tar.gz

在/root/nginx目录进行编译前配置

cd /root/nginx*
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_ssl_module

在/root/nginx目录执行编译安装

make && make install

启动nginx

关闭防火墙

setenforce 0
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld

进入到安装目录/usr/local/nginx，查看目录结构

cd /usr/local/nginx
pwd
ls

启动Nginx

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

查看Nginx进程是否启动

ps aux | grep nginx

查看Nginx占用的端口号

netstat -tlnp

使用本地主机访问虚拟机上的Nginx服务器

停止nginx

停止Nginx的三种方式

# 1. 立即停止Nginx服务
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop

# 2.完成当前任务后停止
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit

# 3.杀死Nginx进程
killall nginx

把nginx命令添加到环境变量

使用软连接将nginx链接到/usr/local/sbin

ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/sbin
ll /usr/local/sbin/ | grep "nginx"

显示当前环境变量PATH

echo $PATH

编辑.bash_profile文件

vim ~/.bash_profile

在.bash_profile文件末尾加入以下内容

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/nginx/sbin

引用.bash_profile文件

source ~/.bash_profile

使用nginx命令

# 启动nginx
nginx
# 停止nginx
nginx -s quit

把`nginx`命令添加到系统服务

创建并编辑文件/root/service-nginx.sh

#!/bin/sh
#
# filename: service-nginx.sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  NGINX is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

#NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {
   # make required directories
   user=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:.*--user=" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
   if [ -n "$user" ]; then
      if [ -z "`grep $user /etc/passwd`" ]; then
         useradd -M -s /bin/nologin $user
      fi
      options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
      for opt in $options; do
          if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
              value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
              if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
                  # echo "creating" $value
                  mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
              fi
          fi
       done
    fi
}

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    make_dirs
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac
# END

用/root/service-nginx.sh替换/etc/init.d/nginx

mv /root/service-nginx.sh /etc/init.d/nginx

赋予可执行限权

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/nginx

执行

systemctl start nginx

源码方式安装nginx，自动化安装脚本

#!/bin/bash

# installation configuration
NGINX_VERSION=1.12.2
NGINX_SRC_PATH=/root
NGINX_BIN_PATH=/usr/local/nginx

# disable firewall
systemctl stop firewalld
setenforce 0

# installation dependence
yum install -y pcre-devel zlib-devel openssl-devel wget gcc

# download nginx source package
cd ${NGINX_SRC_PATH}
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-${NGINX_VERSION}.tar.gz

# unzip source package
tar -xzvf nginx-${NGINX_VERSION}.tar.gz
cd ./nginx-${NGINX_VERSION}

# install nginx
./configure --prefix=${NGINX_BIN_PATH} --with-http_ssl_module
make & make install

# start nginx service
cd ${NGINX_BIN_PATH}/sbin
./nginx

# END