Web开发实战2—商品详情页

项目搭建

项目部署目录结构。

/usr/server/chapter7

nginx_chapter7.conf

nutcracker.yml

nutcracker.init

item.html

header.html

footer.html

item.lua

desc.lua

lualib

item.lua

item

common.lua

webapp

WEB-INF

lib

classes

web.xml

数据存储实现

分布式缓存层

可选技术：Twemproxy , redis Cluster , codis
实践技术：Twemproxy
安排：B：edu-mysql_192.168.1.121 、edu-mysql2_192.168.1.122、edu-mysql3_192.168.1.123、edu-mysql4_192.168.1.124
思想要点：Twemproxy做一致性Hash，即便某台机器宕机，丢失的只是少数信息，无论主从；
分片到122，123，124，构建从集群针对6660端口
等完成：Twemproxy的高可用性

Redis安装配置

SSDB安装配置:

SSDB介绍与使用

规划设计：

商品基本信息SSDB集群

主集群-写：

192.168.1.122 7770

192.168.1.123 7770

192.168.1.124 7770从集群-读：

192.168.1.122 7771

192.168.1.123 7771

192.168.1.124 7771

商品介绍SSDB集群配置

主集群-写：

192.168.1.122 8880

192.168.1.123 8880

192.168.1.124 8880从集群-读：

192.168.1.122 8881

192.168.1.123 8881

192.168.1.124 8881

其他信息Redis配置

主集群-写：

192.168.1.122 6660

从集群-读：

192.168.1.122 6661

192.168.1.123 6661

192.168.1.124 6661

设计图：和上面的配置不一致部分，因为我采用的是多机器配置

1.整体架构为主从模式，写数据到主集群，读数据从从集群读取数据，

2.这样当一个集群不足以支撑流量时可以使用更多的集群来支撑更多的访问量；

3.集群分片使用Twemproxy实现。

注：以下配置文件，可以编辑好上传

商品基本信息SSDB集群配置

分别在122 123 124上配置：# cp /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb.conf /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_basic_7770.conf

# vi /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_basic_7770.conf

work_dir = /usr/data/ssdb_7770
pidfile = /usr/data/ssdb_7770.pid

server:
        ip: 0.0.0.0
        port: 7770
        allow: 127.0.0.1
        allow: 192.168

replication:
        binlog: yes
        sync_speed: -1
        slaveof:
logger:
        level: error
        output: /usr/data/ssdb_7770.log
        rotate:
                size: 1000000000

leveldb:
        cache_size: 500
        block_size: 32
        write_buffer_size: 64
        compaction_speed: 1000
        compression: yes

分别在122 123 124上配置：

# cp /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb.conf /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_basic_7771.conf

# vi /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_basic_7771.conf

脚本代码：

work_dir = /usr/data/ssdb_7771
pidfile = /usr/data/ssdb_7771.pid

server:
        ip: 0.0.0.0
        port: 7771
        allow: 127.0.0.1
        allow: 192.168

replication:
        binlog: yes
        sync_speed: -1
        slaveof:
                type: sync
                ip: 127.0.0.1
                port: 7770

logger:
        level: error
        output: /usr/data/ssdb_7771.log
        rotate:
                size: 1000000000

leveldb:
        cache_size: 500
        block_size: 32
        write_buffer_size: 64
        compaction_speed: 1000
        compression: yes

配置文件使用Tab而不是空格做缩排（复制到配置文件后请把空格替换为Tab）。主从关系：7770(主)-->7771(从)配置文件如何配置请参考https://github.com/ideawu/ssdb-docs/blob/master/src/zh_cn/config.md。

创建工作目录mkdir -p /usr/data/ssdb_777{0,1}

启动

nohup /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb-server  /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_basic_7770.conf &
nohup /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb-server  /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_basic_7771.conf &

通过ps -aux | grep ssdb命令看是否启动了，tail -f nohup.out查看错误信息。

商品介绍SSDB集群配置

分别在122 123 124上配置：# cp /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb.conf /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_desc_8880.conf

# vi /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_desc_8880.conf

work_dir = /usr/data/ssdb_8880
pidfile = /usr/data/ssdb_8880.pid

server:
        ip: 0.0.0.0
        port: 8880
        allow: 127.0.0.1
        allow: 192.168

replication:
        binlog: yes
        sync_speed: -1
        slaveof:
logger:
        level: error
        output: /usr/data/ssdb_8880.log
        rotate:
                size: 1000000000

leveldb:
        cache_size: 500
        block_size: 32
        write_buffer_size: 64
        compaction_speed: 1000
        compression: yes

分别在122 123 124上配置：

# cp /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb.conf /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_desc_8881.conf

# vi /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_desc_8881.conf

脚本代码：

work_dir = /usr/data/ssdb_8881
pidfile = /usr/data/ssdb_8881.pid

server:
        ip: 0.0.0.0
        port: 8881
        allow: 127.0.0.1
        allow: 192.168

replication:
        binlog: yes
        sync_speed: -1
        slaveof:
                type: sync
                ip: 127.0.0.1
                port: 8880

logger:
        level: error
        output: /usr/data/ssdb_8881.log
        rotate:
                size: 1000000000

leveldb:
        cache_size: 500
        block_size: 32
        write_buffer_size: 64
        compaction_speed: 1000
        compression: yes

配置文件使用Tab而不是空格做缩排（复制到配置文件后请把空格替换为Tab）。主从关系：8880(主)-->8881(从)配置文件如何配置请参考https://github.com/ideawu/ssdb-docs/blob/master/src/zh_cn/config.md。

创建工作目录mkdir -p /usr/data/ssdb_888{0,1}

启动

nohup /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb-server  /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_desc_8880.conf &
nohup /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb-server  /usr/local/ssdb-master/ssdb_desc_8881.conf &

通过ps -aux | grep ssdb命令看是否启动了，tail -f nohup.out查看错误信息。

其他信息Redis配置

在122：

# mkdir /usr/local/redis/conf

# vi /usr/local/redis/conf/redis_6660.conf

port 6660
pidfile "/var/run/redis_6660.pid"
#设置内存大小，根据实际情况设置，此处测试仅设置20mb
maxmemory 20mb
#内存不足时，所有KEY按照LRU算法删除
maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
#Redis的过期算法不是精确的而是通过采样来算的，默认采样为3个，此处我们改成10
maxmemory-samples 10
#不进行RDB持久化
save “”
#不进行AOF持久化
appendonly no

在122 123 124

# vi /usr/local/redis/conf/redis_6661.conf

port 6661
pidfile "/var/run/redis_6661.pid"
#设置内存大小，根据实际情况设置，此处测试仅设置20mb
maxmemory 20mb
#内存不足时，所有KEY按照LRU算法进行删除
maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
#Redis的过期算法不是精确的而是通过采样来算的，默认采样为3个，此处我们改成10
maxmemory-samples 10
#不进行RDB持久化
save “”
#不进行AOF持久化
appendonly no
#主从
slaveof 192.168.1.122 6660

如上配置放到配置文件最末尾即可；此处内存不足时的驱逐算法为所有KEY按照LRU进行删除（实际是内存基本上不会遇到满的情况）；主从关系：6660(主)-->6661(从)

启动

/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis_6660.conf &
/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-server /usr/local/redis/conf/redis_6661.conf &

测试：

/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli -p 6660

Twemproxy配置

在122上安装Twemproxy安装参考：Twemproxy-缓存代理分片机制

在学习高可用时，可以配置Twemproxy的高可用，机器可选择 121

vi /usr/local/twemproxy/conf/nutcracker.yml

basic_master:
  listen: 192.168.1.122:1111
  hash: fnv1a_64
  distribution: ketama
  redis: true
  timeout: 1000
  hash_tag: "::"
  servers:
   - 192.168.1.122:7770:1 server1
   - 192.168.1.123:7770:1 server2
   - 192.168.1.124:7770:1 server3
basic_slave:
  listen: 192.168.1.122:1112
  hash: fnv1a_64
  distribution: ketama
  redis: true
  timeout: 1000
  hash_tag: "::"
  servers:
   - 192.168.1.122:7771:1 server1
   - 192.168.1.123:7771:1 server2
   - 192.168.1.124:7771:1 server3


desc_master:
  listen: 192.168.1.122:1113
  hash: fnv1a_64
  distribution: ketama
  redis: true
  timeout: 1000
  hash_tag: "::"
  servers:
   - 192.168.1.122:8880:1 server1
   - 192.168.1.123:8880:1 server2
   - 192.168.1.124:8880:1 server3

desc_slave:
  listen: 192.168.1.122:1114
  hash: fnv1a_64
  distribution: ketama
  redis: true
  timeout: 1000
  servers:
   - 192.168.1.122:8881:1 server1
   - 192.168.1.123:8881:1 server2
   - 192.168.1.124:8881:1 server3

other_master:
  listen: 192.168.1.122:1115
  hash: fnv1a_64
  distribution: random
  redis: true
  timeout: 1000
  hash_tag: "::"
  servers:
   - 192.168.1.122:6660:1 server1


other_slave:
  listen: 192.168.1.122:1116
  hash: fnv1a_64
  distribution: random
  redis: true
  timeout: 1000
  hash_tag: "::"
  servers:
   - 192.168.1.122:6661:1 server1
   - 192.168.1.123:6661:1 server2
   - 192.168.1.124:6661:1 server3

1、因为我们使用了主从，所以需要给server起一个名字如server1、server2；否则分片算法默认根据ip:port:weight，这样就会主从数据的分片算法不一致；

2、其他信息Redis因为每个Redis是对等的，因此分片算法可以使用random；

3、我们使用了hash_tag，可以保证相同的tag在一个分片上（本例配置了但没有用到该特性）。

#把conf目录复制到/usr/local/twemproxy/sbin/目录下

cp -r /usr/local/twemproxy-0.4.0/conf /usr/local/twemproxy/sbin/

启动及测试

启动命令：nutcracker -d -c /usr/local/twemproxy/conf/nutcracker.yml -p /usr/local/twemproxy/run/redisproxy.pid -o /usr/local/twemproxy/run/redisproxy.log

查看是否启动成功:ps -ef | grep nutcracker | grep -v grep

简单测试:

redis-cli -p 1111

127.0.0.1:1111> set i 1

127.0.0.1:1111> get i

"1"

配置启动/重启/停止脚本方便操作

# cp /usr/local/twemproxy-0.4.0/scripts/nutcracker.init /usr/local/twemproxy

# chmod +x /usr/local/twemproxy/sbin/nutcracker.init

# vi /usr/local/twemproxy/sbin/nutcracker.init

-- 将OPTIONS改为 OPTIONS="-d -c /usr/local/twemproxy/conf/nutcracker.yml"

-- 注释掉. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions；

-- 将daemon --user ${USER} ${prog} $OPTIONS改为${prog} $OPTIONS；

-- 将killproc改为killall。

这样就可以使用如下脚本进行启动、重启、停止了。

nutcracker.init {start|stop|status|restart|reload|condrestart}

测试主从集群是否工作正常：

到此数据集群配置成功。

动态服务实现

因为真实数据是从多个子系统获取，很难模拟这么多子系统交互，所以此处我们使用假数据来进行实现。

项目搭建

我们使用Maven搭建Web项目，Maven知识请自行学习。

项目依赖

本文将最小化依赖，即仅依赖我们需要的servlet、jackson、guava、jedis。

新建Maven工程

工程名：chapter7

pom.xml

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
      <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
      <version>3.0.1</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId>
      <artifactId>guava</artifactId>
      <version>17.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
      <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
      <version>2.5.2</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
      <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
      <version>2.3.3</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

guava是类似于apache commons的一个基础类库，用于简化一些重复操作，可以参考 http://ifeve.com/google-guava/。

核心代码

根据请求参数type来决定调用哪个服务获取数据。

com.github.zhangkaitao.chapter7.servlet.ProductServiceServlet

代码：

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String type = req.getParameter("type");
        String content = null;
        try {
            if("basic".equals(type)) {
                content = getBasicInfo(req.getParameter("skuId"));
            } else if("desc".equals(type)) {
                content = getDescInfo(req.getParameter("skuId"));
            } else if("other".equals(type)) {
                content = getOtherInfo(req.getParameter("ps3Id"), req.getParameter("brandId"));
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            resp.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
            return;
        }
        if(content != null) {
            resp.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
            resp.getWriter().write(content);
        } else {
            resp.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_NOT_FOUND);
        }
    }

基本信息服务 本例基本信息提供了如商品名称、图片列表、颜色尺码、扩展属性、规格参数等等数据；而为了简化逻辑大多数数据都是List/Map数据结构。

代码：

    private String getBasicInfo(String skuId) throws Exception {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        //商品编号
        map.put("skuId", skuId);
        //名称
        map.put("name", "苹果（Apple）iPhone 6 (A1586) 16GB 金色 移动联通电信4G手机");
        //一级二级三级分类
        map.put("ps1Id", 9987);
        map.put("ps2Id", 653);
        map.put("ps3Id", 655);
        //品牌ID
        map.put("brandId", 14026);
        //图片列表
        map.put("imgs", getImgs(skuId));
        //上架时间
        map.put("date", "2014-10-09 22:29:09");
        //商品毛重
        map.put("weight", "400");
        //颜色尺码
        map.put("colorSize", getColorSize(skuId));
        //扩展属性
        map.put("expands", getExpands(skuId));
        //规格参数
        map.put("propCodes", getPropCodes(skuId));
        map.put("date", System.currentTimeMillis());
        String content = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map);
        //实际应用应该是发送MQ
        asyncSetToRedis(basicInfoJedisPool, "p:" + skuId + ":", content);
        return objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map);
    }

    private List<String> getImgs(String skuId) {
        return Lists.newArrayList(
                "jfs/t277/193/1005339798/768456/29136988/542d0798N19d42ce3.jpg",
                "jfs/t352/148/1022071312/209475/53b8cd7f/542d079bN3ea45c98.jpg",
                "jfs/t274/315/1008507116/108039/f70cb380/542d0799Na03319e6.jpg",
                "jfs/t337/181/1064215916/27801/b5026705/542d079aNf184ce18.jpg"
        );
    }

    private List<Map<String, Object>> getColorSize(String skuId) {
        return Lists.newArrayList(
            makeColorSize(1217499, "金色", "公开版（16GB ROM）"),
            makeColorSize(1217500, "深空灰", "公开版（16GB ROM）"),
            makeColorSize(1217501, "银色", "公开版（16GB ROM）"),
            makeColorSize(1217508, "金色", "公开版（64GB ROM）"),
            makeColorSize(1217509, "深空灰", "公开版（64GB ROM）"),
            makeColorSize(1217509, "银色", "公开版（64GB ROM）"),
            makeColorSize(1217493, "金色", "移动4G版 （16GB）"),
            makeColorSize(1217494, "深空灰", "移动4G版 （16GB）"),
            makeColorSize(1217495, "银色", "移动4G版 （16GB）"),
            makeColorSize(1217503, "金色", "移动4G版 （64GB）"),
            makeColorSize(1217503, "金色", "移动4G版 （64GB）"),
            makeColorSize(1217504, "深空灰", "移动4G版 （64GB）"),
            makeColorSize(1217505, "银色", "移动4G版 （64GB）")
        );
    }
    private Map<String, Object> makeColorSize(long skuId, String color, String size) {
        Map<String, Object> cs1 = Maps.newHashMap();
        cs1.put("SkuId", skuId);
        cs1.put("Color", color);
        cs1.put("Size", size);
        return cs1;
    }

    private List<List<?>> getExpands(String skuId) {
        return Lists.newArrayList(
                (List<?>)Lists.newArrayList("热点", Lists.newArrayList("超薄7mm以下", "支持NFC")),
                (List<?>)Lists.newArrayList("系统", "苹果（IOS）"),
                (List<?>)Lists.newArrayList("系统", "苹果（IOS）"),
                (List<?>)Lists.newArrayList("购买方式", "非合约机")
        );
    }

    private Map<String, List<List<String>>> getPropCodes(String skuId) {
        Map<String, List<List<String>>> map = Maps.newHashMap();
        map.put("主体", Lists.<List<String>>newArrayList(
                Lists.<String>newArrayList("品牌", "苹果（Apple）"),
                Lists.<String>newArrayList("型号", "iPhone 6 A1586"),
                Lists.<String>newArrayList("颜色", "金色"),
                Lists.<String>newArrayList("上市年份", "2014年")
        ));
        map.put("存储", Lists.<List<String>>newArrayList(
                Lists.<String>newArrayList("机身内存", "16GB ROM"),
                Lists.<String>newArrayList("储存卡类型", "不支持")
        ));
        map.put("显示", Lists.<List<String>>newArrayList(
                Lists.<String>newArrayList("屏幕尺寸", "4.7英寸"),
                Lists.<String>newArrayList("触摸屏", "Retina HD"),
                Lists.<String>newArrayList("分辨率", "1334 x 750")
        ));
        return map;
    }

商品介绍服务

    private String getDescInfo(String skuId) throws Exception {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        map.put("content", "<div><img data-lazyload='http://img30.360buyimg.com/jgsq-productsoa/jfs/t448/127/574781110/103911/b3c80634/5472ba22N45400f4e.jpg' alt='' /><img data-lazyload='http://img30.360buyimg.com/jgsq-productsoa/jfs/t802/133/19465528/162152/e463e43/54e2b34aN11bceb70.jpg' alt='' height='386' width='750' /></div>");
        map.put("date", System.currentTimeMillis());
        String content = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map);
        //实际应用应该是发送MQ
        asyncSetToRedis(descInfoJedisPool, "d:" + skuId + ":", content);
        return objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map);
    }

其他信息服务本例中其他信息只使用了面包屑和品牌数据。

    private String getOtherInfo(String ps3Id, String brandId) throws Exception {
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<String, Object>();
        //面包屑
        List<List<?>> breadcrumb = Lists.newArrayList();
        breadcrumb.add(Lists.newArrayList(9987, "手机"));
        breadcrumb.add(Lists.newArrayList(653, "手机通讯"));
        breadcrumb.add(Lists.newArrayList(655, "手机"));
        //品牌
        Map<String, Object> brand = Maps.newHashMap();
        brand.put("name", "苹果（Apple）");
        brand.put("logo", "BrandLogo/g14/M09/09/10/rBEhVlK6vdkIAAAAAAAFLXzp-lIAAHWawP_QjwAAAVF472.png");
        map.put("breadcrumb", breadcrumb);
        map.put("brand", brand);
        //实际应用应该是发送MQ
        asyncSetToRedis(otherInfoJedisPool, "s:" + ps3Id + ":", objectMapper.writeValueAsString(breadcrumb));
        asyncSetToRedis(otherInfoJedisPool, "b:" + brandId + ":", objectMapper.writeValueAsString(brand));
        return objectMapper.writeValueAsString(map);
    }

辅助工具本例使用Jackson进行JSON的序列化；Jedis进行Redis的操作；使用线程池做异步更新（实际应用中可以使用MQ做实现）。

    private ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
    private JedisPool basicInfoJedisPool = createJedisPool("127.0.0.1", 1111);
    private JedisPool descInfoJedisPool = createJedisPool("127.0.0.1", 1113);
    private JedisPool otherInfoJedisPool = createJedisPool("127.0.0.1", 1115);

    private JedisPool createJedisPool(String host, int port) {
        GenericObjectPoolConfig poolConfig = new GenericObjectPoolConfig();
        poolConfig.setMaxTotal(100);
        return new JedisPool(poolConfig, host, port);
    }

    private ExecutorService executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(10);
    private void asyncSetToRedis(final JedisPool jedisPool, final String key, final String content) {
        executorService.submit(new Runnable() {
            @Override
            public void run() {
                Jedis jedis = null;
                try {
                    jedis = jedisPool.getResource();
                    jedis.set(key, content);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                    jedisPool.returnBrokenResource(jedis);
                } finally {
                    jedisPool.returnResource(jedis);
                }

            }
        });
    }

web.xml配置

  <servlet>
      <servlet-name>productServiceServlet</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>com.github.zhangkaitao.chapter7.servlet.ProductServiceServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>productServiceServlet</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/info</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

打WAR包

配置Tomcat

配置tomcat集群，这里先配置1台，后面配置成集群

# mkdir -p /usr/server/chapter7/webapp

# cd /usr/server/chapter7/webapp

上传项目

修改 /usr/local/src/tomcat-server1/conf/server.xml

<Host name="localhost" appBase="/usr/server/chapter7/webapp"

启动：/usr/local/src/tomcat-server1/bin/startup.sh & tail -f /usr/local/src/tomcat-server1/logs/catalina.out

测试

http://192.168.1.111:8080/info?type=basic&skuId=1
http://192.168.1.111:8080/info?type=desc&skuId=1
http://192.168.1.111:8080/info?type=other&ps3Id=1&brandId=1

配置Nginx应用:在106上面

项目结构：

# mkdir /usr/server/chapter7

# vi /usr/server/chapter7/nginx_chapter7.conf

此处server_name 我们指定了item.jd.com(商品详情页)和d.3.cn(商品介绍)。其他配置可以参考第六章内容。另外实际生产环境要把#internal打开，表示只有本nginx能访问。

upstream backend {
    server 192.168.1.111:8080 max_fails=5 fail_timeout=10s weight=1;
    check interval=3000 rise=1 fall=2 timeout=5000 type=tcp default_down=false;
    keepalive 100;
}

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  item2015.jd.com item.jd.com d.3.cn;

    location ~ /backend/(.*) {
        #internal;
        keepalive_timeout   30s;
        keepalive_requests  1000;
        #支持keep-alive
        proxy_http_version 1.1;
        proxy_set_header Connection "";

        rewrite /backend(/.*) $1 break;
        proxy_pass_request_headers off;
        #more_clear_input_headers Accept-Encoding;
        proxy_next_upstream error timeout;
        proxy_pass http://backend;
    }
}

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

#为了方便测试，注释掉example.conf
include /usr/server/chapter7/nginx_chapter7.conf;

关于Lualib复制可参考：基础部分的项目搭建

# mkdir /usr/server/chapter7/lualib

# cd /usr/server/chapter7

# cp -r /usr/local/lualib/* ./lualib

由于lua模块从/usr/server/chapter7目录加载，因为我们要写自己的模块使用。

    #lua模块路径，其中”;;”表示默认搜索路径，默认到/usr/local/nginx下找  
    lua_package_path "/usr/server/chapter7/lualib/?.lua;;";  #lua 模块  
    lua_package_cpath "/usr/server/chapter7/lualib/?.so;;";  #c模块

重启nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx & tail -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload & tail -f /usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log

绑定hosts

192.168.1.106 item.jd.com

192.168.1.106 item2015.jd.com

192.168.1.106 d.3.cn

注，这里绑定的是你访问用的浏览器的系统

访问如 http://item.jd.com/backend/info?type=basic&skuId=1 即看到结果。

192.168.1.106/backend/info?type=basic&skuId=1

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>前端展示实现 >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

我们分为三部分实现：基础组件、商品介绍、前端展示部分。

基础组件

首先我们进行基础组件的实现，商品介绍和前端展示部分都需要读取Redis和Http服务，因此我们可以抽取公共部分出来复用。

写Lua模块:抽取公共部分出来复用

整个逻辑和第六章类似；只是read_redis根据参数keys个数支持get和mget。比如read_redis(ip, port, {"key1"})则调用get而read_redis(ip, port, {"key1", "key2"})则调用mget。

# mkdir -p /usr/server/chapter7/lualib/item

# vi /usr/server/chapter7/lualib/item/common.lua

local redis = require("resty.redis")
local ngx_log = ngx.log
local ngx_ERR = ngx.ERR
local function close_redis(red)
    if not red then
        return
    end
    --释放连接(连接池实现)
    local pool_max_idle_time = 10000 --毫秒
    local pool_size = 100 --连接池大小
    local ok, err = red:set_keepalive(pool_max_idle_time, pool_size)

    if not ok then
        ngx_log(ngx_ERR, "set redis keepalive error : ", err)
    end
end

local function read_redis(ip, port, keys)
    local red = redis:new()
    red:set_timeout(1000)
    local ok, err = red:connect(ip, port)
    if not ok then
        ngx_log(ngx_ERR, "connect to redis error : ", err)
        return close_redis(red)
    end
    local resp = nil
    if #keys == 1 then
        resp, err = red:get(keys[1])
    else
        resp, err = red:mget(keys)
    end
    if not resp then
        ngx_log(ngx_ERR, "get redis content error : ", err)
        return close_redis(red)
    end

    --得到的数据为空处理
    if resp == ngx.null then
        resp = nil
    end
    close_redis(red)

    return resp
end

local function read_http(args)
    local resp = ngx.location.capture("/backend/info", {
        method = ngx.HTTP_GET,
        args = args
    })

    if not resp then
        ngx_log(ngx_ERR, "request error")
        return
    end
    if resp.status ~= 200 then
        ngx_log(ngx_ERR, "request error, status :", resp.status)
        return
    end
    return resp.body
end

local _M = {
    read_redis = read_redis,
    read_http = read_http
}
return _M

商品介绍

核心代码

vi /usr/server/chapter7/desc.lua

通过复用逻辑后整体代码简化了许多；此处读取商品介绍从集群；另外前端展示使用JSONP技术展示商品介绍。

local common = require("item.common")
local read_redis = common.read_redis
local read_http = common.read_http
local ngx_log = ngx.log
local ngx_ERR = ngx.ERR
local ngx_exit = ngx.exit
local ngx_print = ngx.print
local ngx_re_match = ngx.re.match
local ngx_var = ngx.var

local descKey = "d:" .. ngx_var.skuId .. ":"
local descInfoStr = read_redis("192.168.1.122", 1114, {descKey})
if not descInfoStr then
   ngx_log(ngx_ERR, "redis not found desc info, back to http, skuId : ", skuId)
   descInfoStr = read_http({type="desc", skuId = skuId})
end
if not descInfoStr then
   ngx_log(ngx_ERR, "http not found basic info, skuId : ", skuId)
   return ngx_exit(404)
end
ngx_print("showdesc(")
ngx_print(descInfoStr)
ngx_print(")")

nginx配置

vi /usr/server/chapter7/nginx_chapter7.conf

    location ~^/desc/(\d+)$ {
        if ($host != "d.3.cn") {
           return 403;
        }
        default_type application/x-javascript;
        charset utf-8;
        lua_code_cache on;
        set $skuId $1;
        content_by_lua_file /usr/server/chapter7/desc.lua;
    }

因为item.jd.com和d.3.cn复用了同一个配置文件，此处需要限定只有d.3.cn域名能访问，防止恶意访问。

重启nginx后，访问如http://d.3.cn/desc/1即可得到JSONP结果。

前端展示

核心代码整个逻辑分为四部分：1、获取基本信息；2、根据基本信息中的关联关系获取其他信息；3、初始化/格式化数据；4、渲染模板。

vi /usr/server/chapter7/item.lua

local common = require("item.common")
local item = require("item")
local read_redis = common.read_redis
local read_http = common.read_http
local cjson = require("cjson")
local cjson_decode = cjson.decode
local ngx_log = ngx.log
local ngx_ERR = ngx.ERR
local ngx_exit = ngx.exit
local ngx_print = ngx.print
local ngx_var = ngx.var


local skuId = ngx_var.skuId

--获取基本信息
local basicInfoKey = "p:" .. skuId .. ":"
local basicInfoStr = read_redis("192.168.1.122", 1112, {basicInfoKey})
if not basicInfoStr then
   ngx_log(ngx_ERR, "redis not found basic info, back to http, skuId : ", skuId)
   basicInfoStr = read_http({type="basic", skuId = skuId})
end
if not basicInfoStr then
   ngx_log(ngx_ERR, "http not found basic info, skuId : ", skuId)
   return ngx_exit(404)
end

local basicInfo = cjson_decode(basicInfoStr)
local ps3Id = basicInfo["ps3Id"]
local brandId = basicInfo["brandId"]
--获取其他信息
local breadcrumbKey = "s:" .. ps3Id .. ":"
local brandKey = "b:" .. brandId ..":"
local otherInfo = read_redis("192.168.1.122", 1116, {breadcrumbKey, brandKey}) or {}
local breadcrumbStr = otherInfo[1]
local brandStr = otherInfo[2]
if breadcrumbStr then
   basicInfo["breadcrumb"] = cjson_decode(breadcrumbStr)
end
if brandStr then
   basicInfo["brand"] = cjson_decode(brandStr)
end
if not breadcrumbStr and not brandStr then
   ngx_log(ngx_ERR, "redis not found other info, back to http, skuId : ", brandId)
   local otherInfoStr = read_http({type="other", ps3Id = ps3Id, brandId = brandId})
   if not otherInfoStr then
       ngx_log(ngx_ERR, "http not found other info, skuId : ", skuId)
   else
     local otherInfo = cjson_decode(otherInfoStr)
     basicInfo["breadcrumb"] = otherInfo["breadcrumb"]
     basicInfo["brand"] = otherInfo["brand"]
   end
end

local name = basicInfo["name"]
--name to unicode
basicInfo["unicodeName"] = item.utf8_to_unicode(name)
--字符串截取，超长显示...
basicInfo["moreName"] = item.trunc(name, 10)
--初始化各分类的url
item.init_breadcrumb(basicInfo)
--初始化扩展属性
item.init_expand(basicInfo)
--初始化颜色尺码
item.init_color_size(basicInfo)
local template = require "resty.template"
template.caching(true)
template.render("item.html", basicInfo)

初始化模块

vi /usr/server/chapter7/lualib/item.lua

local bit = require("bit")
local utf8 = require("utf8")
local cjson = require("cjson")
local cjson_encode = cjson.encode
local bit_band = bit.band
local bit_bor = bit.bor
local bit_lshift = bit.lshift
local string_format = string.format
local string_byte = string.byte
local table_concat = table.concat

--utf8转为unicode
local function utf8_to_unicode(str)
    if not str or str == "" or str == ngx.null then
        return nil
    end
    local res, seq, val = {}, 0, nil
    for i = 1, #str do
        local c = string_byte(str, i)
        if seq == 0 then
            if val then
                res[#res + 1] = string_format("%04x", val)
            end

           seq = c < 0x80 and 1 or c < 0xE0 and 2 or c < 0xF0 and 3 or
                              c < 0xF8 and 4 or --c < 0xFC and 5 or c < 0xFE and 6 or
                              0
            if seq == 0 then
                ngx.log(ngx.ERR, 'invalid UTF-8 character sequence' .. ",,," .. tostring(str))
                return str
            end

            val = bit_band(c, 2 ^ (8 - seq) - 1)
        else
            val = bit_bor(bit_lshift(val, 6), bit_band(c, 0x3F))
        end
        seq = seq - 1
    end
    if val then
        res[#res + 1] = string_format("%04x", val)
    end
    if #res == 0 then
        return str
    end
    return "\\u" .. table_concat(res, "\\u")
end

--utf8字符串截取
local function trunc(str, len)
   if not str then
     return nil
   end

   if utf8.len(str) > len then
      return utf8.sub(str, 1, len) .. "..."
   end
   return str
end

--初始化面包屑
local function init_breadcrumb(info)
    local breadcrumb = info["breadcrumb"]
    if not breadcrumb then
       return
    end

    local ps1Id = breadcrumb[1][1]
    local ps2Id = breadcrumb[2][1]
    local ps3Id = breadcrumb[3][1]

    --此处应该根据一级分类查找url
    local ps1Url = "http://shouji.jd.com/"
    local ps2Url = "http://channel.jd.com/shouji.html"
    local ps3Url = "http://list.jd.com/list.html?cat=" .. ps1Id .. "," .. ps2Id .. "," .. ps3Id

    breadcrumb[1][3] = ps1Url
    breadcrumb[2][3] = ps2Url
    breadcrumb[3][3] = ps3Url
end

--初始化扩展属性
local function init_expand(info)
   local expands = info["expands"]
   if not expands then
     return
   end
   for _, e in ipairs(expands) do
      if type(e[2]) == "table" then
         e[2] = table_concat(e[2], "，")
      end
   end
end

--初始化颜色尺码
local function init_color_size(info)
   local colorSize = info["colorSize"]

   --颜色尺码JSON串
   local colorSizeJson = cjson_encode(colorSize)
   --颜色列表（不重复）
   local colorList = {}
   --尺码列表（不重复）
   local sizeList = {}
   info["colorSizeJson"] = colorSizeJson
   info["colorList"] = colorList
   info["sizeList"] = sizeList

   local colorSet = {}
   local sizeSet = {}
   for _, cz in ipairs(colorSize) do
      local color = cz["Color"]
      local size = cz["Size"]
      if color and color ~= "" and not colorSet[color] then
         colorList[#colorList + 1] = {color = color, url = "http://item.jd.com/" ..cz["SkuId"] .. ".html"}
         colorSet[color] = true
      end
      if size and size ~= "" and not sizeSet[size] then
         sizeList[#sizeList + 1] = {size = size, url = "http://item.jd.com/" ..cz["SkuId"] .. ".html"}
         sizeSet[size] = ""
      end
   end
end

local _M = {
   utf8_to_unicode = utf8_to_unicode,
   trunc = trunc,
   init_breadcrumb = init_breadcrumb,
   init_expand = init_expand,
   init_color_size = init_color_size
}

return _M

比如utf8_to_unicode代码之前已经见过了，其他的都是一些逻辑代码。

模板html片段

{* var *}输出变量，{% code %} 写代码片段，{-raw-} 不进行任何处理直接输出。

       var pageConfig = {
            compatible: true,
            product: {
                skuid: {* skuId *},
                name: '{* unicodeName *}',
                skuidkey:'AFC266E971535B664FC926D34E91C879',
                href: 'http://item.jd.com/{* skuId *}.html',
                src: '{* imgs[1] *}',
                cat: [{* ps1Id *},{* ps2Id *},{* ps3Id *}],
                brand: {* brandId *},
                tips: false,
                pType: 1,
                venderId:0,
                shopId:'0',
                specialAttrs:["HYKHSP-0","isDistribution","isHaveYB","isSelfService-0","isWeChatStock-0","packType","IsNewGoods","isCanUseDQ","isSupportCard","isCanUseJQ","isOverseaPurchase-0","is7ToReturn-1","isCanVAT"],
                videoPath:'',
                desc: 'http://d.3.cn/desc/{* skuId *}'
            }
        };
        var warestatus = 1;                
        {% if colorSizeJson then %} var ColorSize = {* colorSizeJson *};{% end %}
                {-raw-}
                try{(function(flag){ if(!flag){return;} if(window.location.hash == '#m'){var exp = new Date();exp.setTime(exp.getTime() + 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000);document.cookie = "pcm=1;expires=" + exp.toGMTString() + ";path=/;domain=jd.com";return;}else{var cook=document.cookie.match(new RegExp("(^| )pcm=([^;]*)(;|$)"));if(cook&&cook.length>2&&unescape(cook[2])=="2"){flag=false;}} var userAgent = navigator.userAgent; if(userAgent){ userAgent = userAgent.toUpperCase();if(userAgent.indexOf("PAD")>-1){return;} var mobilePhoneList = ["IOS","IPHONE","ANDROID","WINDOWS PHONE"];for(var i=0,len=mobilePhoneList.length;i<len;i++){ if(userAgent.indexOf(mobilePhoneList[i])>-1){var url="http://m.jd.com/product/"+pageConfig.product.skuid+".html";if(flag){window.showtouchurl=true;}else{window.location.href = url;}break;}}}})((function(){var json={"6881":3,"1195":3,"10011":3,"6980":3,"12360":3};if(json[pageConfig.product.cat[0]+""]==1||json[pageConfig.product.cat[1]+""]==2||json[pageConfig.product.cat[2]+""]==3){return false;}else{return true;}})());}catch(e){}
                {-raw-}

面包屑

<div class="breadcrumb">
    <strong><a href='{* breadcrumb[1][3] *}'>{* breadcrumb[1][2] *}</a></strong>
    <span>
        &nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
        <a href='{* breadcrumb[2][3] *}'>{* breadcrumb[2][2] *}</a>
        &nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
        <a href='{* breadcrumb[3][3] *}'>{* breadcrumb[3][2] *}</a>
        &nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
    </span>
    <span>
        {% if brand then %}
        <a href='http://www.jd.com/pinpai/{* ps3Id *}-{* brandId *}.html'>{* brand['name'] *}</a>
        &nbsp;&gt;&nbsp;
       {% end %}
       <a href='http://item.jd.com/{* skuId *}.html'>{* moreName *}</a>
    </span>
</div>

图片列表

<div id="spec-n1" class="jqzoom" onclick="window.open('http://www.jd.com/bigimage.aspx?id={* skuId *}')" clstag="shangpin|keycount|product|spec-n1">
    <img data-img="1" width="350" height="350" src="http://img14.360buyimg.com/n1/{* imgs[1] *}" alt="{* name *}"/>
</div>
<div id="spec-list" clstag="shangpin|keycount|product|spec-n5">
    <a href="javascript:;" class="spec-control" id="spec-forward"></a>
    <a href="javascript:;" class="spec-control" id="spec-backward"></a>
    <div class="spec-items">
        <ul class="lh">
            {% for _, img in ipairs(imgs) do %}
            <li><img class='img-hover' alt='{* name *}' src='http://img14.360buyimg.com/n5/{* img *}' data-url='{* img *}' data-img='1' width='50' height='50'></li>
            {% end %}
        </ul>
    </div>
</div>

颜色尺码选择

<div class="dt">选择颜色：</div>
    <div class="dd">
        {% for _, color in ipairs(colorList) do %}
            <div class="item"><b></b><a href="{* color['url'] *}" title="{* color['color'] *}"><i>{* color['color'] *}</i></a></div>
        {% end %}
    </div>
</div>
<div id="choose-version" class="li">
    <div class="dt">选择版本：</div>
    <div class="dd">
        {% for _, size in ipairs(sizeList) do %}
            <div class="item"><b></b><a href="{* size['url'] *}" title="{* size['size'] *}">{* size['size'] *}</a></div>
        {% end %}
    </div>
</div>

扩展属性

<ul id="parameter2" class="p-parameter-list">
    <li title='{* name *}'>商品名称：{* name *}</li>
    <li title='{* skuId *}'>商品编号：{* skuId *}</li>
    {% if brand then %}
    <li title='{* brand["name"] *}'>品牌： <a href='http://www.jd.com/pinpai/{* ps3Id *}-{* brandId *}.html' target='_blank'>{* brand["name"] *}</a></li>
    {% end %}
    {% if date then %}
    <li title='{* date *}'>上架时间：{* date *}</li>
    {% end %}
    {% if weight then %}
    <li title='{* weight *}'>商品毛重：{* weight *}</li>
    {% end %}
    {% for _, e in pairs(expands) do %}
    <li title='{* e[2] *}'>{* e[1] *}：{* e[2] *}</li>
    {% end %}
</ul>

规格参数

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" width="100%" border="0" class="Ptable">
    {% for group, pc in pairs(propCodes) do  %}
    <tr><th class="tdTitle" colspan="2">{* group *}</th><tr>
    {% for _, v in pairs(pc) do %}
    <tr><td class="tdTitle">{* v[1] *}</td><td>{* v[2] *}</td></tr>
    {% end %}
    {% end %}
</table>

nginx配置

vi /usr/server/chapter7/nginx_chapter7.conf

    #在配置文件的server部分定义模板加载位置
    set $template_root "/usr/server/chapter7";


    location ~ ^/(\d+).html$ {
        if ($host !~ "^(item|item2015)\.jd\.com$") {
           return 403;
        }
        default_type 'text/html';
        charset utf-8;
        lua_code_cache on;
        set $skuId $1;
        content_by_lua_file /usr/server/chapter7/item.lua;
    }

测试

重启nginx，访问http://item.jd.com/1217499.html可得到响应内容，本例和京东的商品详情页的数据是有些出入的，输出的页面可能是缺少一些数据的。

由于：no file '/usr/server/chapter7/lualib/utf8.lua'可能需要安装Lua5.3版本才支持utf-8

需要一点点看：/usr/server/chapter7/item.lua，先简单化跳过去