@@@ 合约的构造函数
跟C++,java类似,合约的构造函数名跟合约名一样,其会在合约创建时仅被调用一次
/**
* @title Ownable
* @dev The Ownable contract has an owner address, and provides basic authorization control
* functions, this simplifies the implementation of "user permissions".
*/
contract Ownable {
address public owner;
event OwnershipTransferred(address indexed previousOwner, address indexed newOwner);
/**
* @dev The Ownable constructor sets the original `owner` of the contract to the sender
* account.
*/
function Ownable() public {
owner = msg.sender;
}
/**
* @dev Throws if called by any account other than the owner.
*/
modifier onlyOwner() {
require(msg.sender == owner);
_;
}
/**
* @dev Allows the current owner to transfer control of the contract to a newOwner.
* @param newOwner The address to transfer ownership to.
*/
function transferOwnership(address newOwner) public onlyOwner {
require(newOwner != address(0));
OwnershipTransferred(owner, newOwner);
owner = newOwner;
}
}
@@@Function Modifier
关键字:modifier
被modifier 修饰的方法不能被直接调用 ,其通常用于方法头的后面来改变方法的行为。
contract MyContract is Ownable {
event LaughManiacally(string laughter);
// Note the usage of `onlyOwner` below:
function likeABoss() external onlyOwner {
LaughManiacally("Muahahahaha");
}
}
@@@代码执行开销
在以太坊上执行任何一个写操作都需要耗费gas, 且代码的复杂度越高,需要的gas就越多,因此开发Dapp要格外注意程序的
高效。
通常uint8 代表着经 unit32更低的存储空间占用,但是通常情况下,以太坊是不区分这两者的,都会统一当成是uint;但是有个例外,那就是在结构体struct里,数据是严格按照变量类型来存放的,而且把相同类型的变量放在相临会消耗更少的gas
If you have multiple uints inside a struct, using a smaller-sized uint when possible will allow Solidity to pack these variables together to take up less storage. For example:
struct NormalStruct {
uint a;
uint b;
uint c;
}
struct MiniMe {
uint32 a;
uint32 b;
uint c;
}
// `mini` will cost less gas than `normal` because of struct packing
NormalStruct normal = NormalStruct(10, 20, 30);
MiniMe mini = MiniMe(10, 20, 30);
@@@ 时间单位
在solidity中,有以下时间单位可用:
变量now,代表unix时间戳(秒数) ;
变量seconds
变量minutes
变量hours
变量days
变量weeks
变量years
以上六个变量的值会以秒数来表示,例如
1 minutes 的值为60 (seconds)
uint lastUpdated;
// Set `lastUpdated` to `now`
function updateTimestamp() public {
lastUpdated = now;
}
// Will return `true` if 5 minutes have passed since `updateTimestamp` was
// called, `false` if 5 minutes have not passed
function fiveMinutesHavePassed() public view returns (bool) {
return (now >= (lastUpdated + 5 minutes));
}