McKinsey & Company is a global management consulting firm founded in 1926 by University of Chicago professor James O. McKinsey, that offers professional services to corporations, governments, and other organizations. McKinsey is the oldest and largest of the "Big Three" management consultancies (MBB), the world's three largest strategy consulting firms by revenue.
McKinsey & Company是一家全球管理咨询公司，由芝加哥大学教授James O. McKinsey于 1926 年创立，为企业、政府和其他组织提供专业服务。麦肯锡是“三巨头”管理咨询公司（MBB）中历史最悠久、规模最大的一家，按收入计为全球三大战略咨询公司。
The metaverse is still being defined, both literally and figuratively. Yet its potential to unleash the next wave of digital disruption seems increasingly clear, with real-life benefits already emerging for early adopting users and companies. As we saw in previous shifts in technology such as the emergence of the internet followed by social media, mobile, and cloud, novel strategies can quickly become mainstream. The metaverse has the potential to impact everything from employee engagement to the customer experience, sales and marketing, product innovation, and community building.
This report examines the metaverse’s building blocks, investment flows, and what is driving them, and how consumer and business behavior is evolving, its potential economic impact, and actions business leaders should consider to capture value.
无论是从字面上还是从象征意义上讲，元宇宙都还在定义之中。然而，它释放出下一波数字颠覆的潜力似乎越来越明显，早期的元宇宙用户和公司已经尝到了实实在在的甜头。正如我们在之前的技术变革中所看到的那样，像是互联网的出现，以及随后的社交媒体、移动和云计算，新颖的战略可以迅速成为主流。元宇宙有可能影响到从员工参与到客户体验、销售和营销、产品创新和社区建设等各个方面。
本报告研究了元宇宙的构建、投资流和驱动因素，以及消费者和商业行为如何演变、其潜在的经济影响，以及商业领袖为获取价值应考虑什么。
— There continue to be questions around the longevity and potential of the metaverse, with some view regarding it as merely a rebranded gaming platform of little wider interest. We do not share that skepticism and believe the metaverse has the potential to be the next iteration of the internet. It may seamlessly combine our digital and physical lives by featuring a sense of immersion, real-time interactivity, interoperability across platforms and devices, the ability for thousands of people to interact simultaneously, and use cases spanning activities well beyond gaming.
— The metaverse’s technology stack has four core building blocks: content and experiences, platforms (such as game engines), infrastructure and hardware (including devices and networks), and enablers (such as payment mechanisms and security).
— Large technology companies, venture capital (VC), private equity (PE), start-ups, and established brands are seeking to capitalize on the metaverse opportunity. They have already invested more than $120 billion in the metaverse in the first five months of 2022, more than double the $57 billion invested in all of 2021.
— 关于元宇宙的寿命和潜力仍然存疑，有些人认为它只是一个改头换面的游戏平台，没有什么广泛的意义。我们不同意这种观点，我们相信元宇宙有可能成为互联网的下一次迭代。它可以通过沉浸感、实时互动性、跨平台和设备的互操作性、数千人同时互动的能力，以及跨越游戏之外的活动使用案例，将我们的数字生活和实际生活无缝结合起来。
— 元宇宙的技术栈有四个核心构建块：内容和体验、平台（如游戏引擎）、基础设施和硬件（包括设备和网络），以及推动者（如支付机制和安全）。
— 大型科技公司、风险投资(VC)、私募股权(PE)、初创企业和知名品牌都在寻求元宇宙机会。在2022年的前五个月，他们已经在元宇宙投资了1200多亿美元，比2021年全年投资的570亿美元多出一倍。
Connectivity is the biggest driver for people, followed by the potential to explore digital worlds. Some 95 percent of business leaders expect the metaverse to have a positive impact on their industry within five to ten years, and 61 percent expect it to moderately change the way their industry operates.
— While estimates of the potential economic value of