SpringMVC之“HelloWorld”起步

添加jar包
在eclipse中创建一个web应用程序后，向“WEB-INF\lib”中添加以下SpringMVC必须的jar包：
- commons-logging-1.2.jar
- spring-aop-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar
- spring-beans-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar
- spring-context-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar
- spring-core-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar
- spring-expression-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar
- spring-web-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar
- spring-webmvc-4.3.10.RELEASE.jar
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配置DispatcherServlet
在web.xml中配置DispatcherServlet

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <display-name>SpringMVC</display-name>
    <servlet>
      <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name>
      <servlet-class>
         org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet
      </servlet-class>
      <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value>
      </init-param>
      <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
   </servlet>

   <servlet-mapping>
      <servlet-name>HelloWeb</servlet-name>
      <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

init-param：代表初始化参数，其中定义了spring的配置文件为classpath下的spring.xml;
load-on-startup：表示这个Servlet是这个项目在被加载时创建

编写请求处理器
请求处理器类：
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package com.gisxx.handlers;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
public class HelloWorld {

    @RequestMapping("/helloworld")
    public String hello(){

        System.out.println("hello,GISXXCOM!!");
        return "success";
    }
}

@Controller：将类标识为控制器；
@RequestMapping("/helloworld")：映射请求路径为/helloworld;

编写写处理器配置文件。
因为在web.xml中指定了spring配置文件位置，所以在src中新建spring.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
   xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
   xsi:schemaLocation="
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans     
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">

   <context:component-scan base-package="com.gisxx.handlers" />

   <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
      <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
      <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
   </bean>

</beans>

context:component-scan:指定自动扫描包；
bean：配置视图解析器。prefix代表请求返回结果的前缀，suffix代表返回后缀

编写视图页面
在WebRoot根目录下新建index.jsp请求页面

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'index.jsp' starting page</title>
    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->
  </head>

  <body>
    <a href="helloworld">hello world</a>
  </body>
</html>

在控制器类中指定了请求路径为/helloworld，所以这里a标签的链接可以直接为“helloworld”

在WEB-INF中新建jsp文件夹，再在其中新建返回页面success.jsp（在控制器配置文件spring.xml中指定了前缀和后缀，再加上控制器返回字符串组成完整结果）

<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
  <head>
    <base href="<%=basePath%>">

    <title>My JSP 'success.jsp' starting page</title>

    <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
    <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">    
    <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
    <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
    <!--
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="styles.css">
    -->

  </head>

  <body>
   <h1> 微信公众号：GISXXCOM
  </body>
</html>

在服务器中运行后，点击index.jsp超链接可以条状到success.jsp页面，控制台返回：hello,GISXXCOM

本文首发于微信公众号：GISXXCOM
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SpringMVC之“HelloWorld”起步

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