pytorch实现resnet34

其他 2018-06-22 05:15:08 阅读次数: 3

       何凯明的深度残差网络（ResNet）在深度学习的发展中起到了很重要的作用，ResNet一举拿下了当年多个CV比赛的冠军，更重要的是这一结构解决了训练极深网络时的梯度消失问题。

       首先来看看ResNet的网络结构，这里选取的是ResNet的一个变种：ResNet34。ResNet的网络结构如下图所示，可见除了最开始的卷积、池化和最后的池化、全连接之外，网络中有很多结构相似的单元，这些重复单元的共同点就是有个跨层直连的shortcut。


       ResNet中将一个跨层直连的单元称为Residual block，其结构如下图所示，左边部分是普通的卷积网络结构，右边是直连，但如果输入和输出的通道数不一致，或其步长不为1，那么就需要有一个专门的单元将二者转成一致，使其可以相加。


       另外我们可以发现Residual block的大小也是有规律的，在最开始的pool之后有连续的几个一模一样的Residual block单元，这些单元的通道数一样，在这里我们将这几个拥有多个Residual block单元的结构称之为layer，注意和通常说的layer区分开来，这里的layer是几个层的集合。

       考虑到Residual block和layer出现了多次，我们可以把它们实现为一个子Module或函数。这里我们将Residual block实现为一个子module，而将layer实现为一个函数。

      下面是实现代码

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F

class ResidualBlock(nn.Module):
    
    '''
    实现子module: Residual Block
    '''
    
    def __init__(self,inchannel,outchannel,stride=1,shortcut=None):
        
        super(ResidualBlock,self).__init__()
        
        self.left=nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(inchannel,outchannel,3,stride,1,bias=False),
            nn.BatchNorm2d(outchannel),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.Conv2d(outchannel,outchannel,3,1,1,bias=False),
            nn.BatchNorm2d(outchannel)
        )
        self.right=shortcut
    
    def forward(self,x):
        
        out=self.left(x)
        residual=x if self.right is None else self.right(x)
        out+=residual
        return F.relu(out)
    
class ResNet(nn.Module):
    
    '''
    实现主module：ResNet34
    ResNet34 包含多个layer，每个layer又包含多个residual block
    用子module来实现residual block，用_make_layer函数来实现layer
    '''
    
    def __init__(self,num_classes=1000):
        
        super(ResNet,self).__init__()
        
        # 前几层图像转换
        self.pre=nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(3,64,7,2,3,bias=False),
            nn.BatchNorm2d(64),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.MaxPool2d(3,2,1)
        )
        
        # 重复的layer，分别有3，4，6，3个residual block
        self.layer1=self._make_layer(64,64,3)
        self.layer2=self._make_layer(64,128,4,stride=2)
        self.layer3=self._make_layer(128,256,6,stride=2)
        self.layer4=self._make_layer(256,512,3,stride=2)
        
        #分类用的全连接
        self.fc=nn.Linear(512,num_classes)
    
    def _make_layer(self,inchannel,outchannel,bloch_num,stride=1):
        
        '''
        构建layer,包含多个residual block
        '''
        shortcut=nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(inchannel,outchannel,1,stride,bias=False),
            nn.BatchNorm2d(outchannel)
        )
        layers=[]
        layers.append(ResidualBlock(inchannel,outchannel,stride,shortcut))
        for i in range(1,bloch_num):
            layers.append(ResidualBlock(outchannel,outchannel))
        return nn.Sequential(*layers)
    
    def forward(self,x):
        
        x=self.pre(x)
        
        x=self.layer1(x)
        x=self.layer2(x)
        x=self.layer3(x)
        x=self.layer4(x)
        
        x=F.avg_pool2d(x,7)
        x=x.view(x.size(0),-1)
        return self.fc(x)
    
model=ResNet()
print(model)

输出：

ResNet34(
  (pre): Sequential(
    (0): Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=(7, 7), stride=(2, 2), padding=(3, 3), bias=False)
    (1): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
    (2): ReLU(inplace)
    (3): MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1, dilation=1, ceil_mode=False)
  )
  (layer1): Sequential(
    (0): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
      (right): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (1): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (2): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(64, 64, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(64, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
  )
  (layer2): Sequential(
    (0): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
      (right): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(64, 128, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(2, 2), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (1): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (2): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (3): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(128, 128, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(128, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
  )
  (layer3): Sequential(
    (0): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
      (right): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(128, 256, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(2, 2), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (1): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (2): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (3): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (4): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (5): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(256, 256, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(256, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
  )
  (layer4): Sequential(
    (0): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(2, 2), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
      (right): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(256, 512, kernel_size=(1, 1), stride=(2, 2), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (1): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
    (2): ResidualBlock(
      (left): Sequential(
        (0): Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (1): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
        (2): ReLU(inplace)
        (3): Conv2d(512, 512, kernel_size=(3, 3), stride=(1, 1), padding=(1, 1), bias=False)
        (4): BatchNorm2d(512, eps=1e-05, momentum=0.1, affine=True, track_running_stats=True)
      )
    )
  )
  (fc): Linear(in_features=512, out_features=1000, bias=True)
)

​
规律总结如下：
  • 对于模型中的重复部分，实现为子module或用函数生成相应的modulemake_layer
  • nn.Module和nn.Functional结合使用
  • 尽量使用nn.Seqential

另外，与PyTorch配套的图像工具包torchvision已经实现了深度学习中大多数经典的模型，其中就包括ResNet34，可以通过下面两行代码使用：

from torchvision import models
model = models.resnet34()

本例中ResNet34的实现就是参考了torchvision中的实现并做了简化，感兴趣的读者可以阅读相应的源码，比较这里的实现和torchvision中实现的不同。

参考：https://github.com/chenyuntc/pytorch-book/blob/master/chapter4-%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7%E7%AE%B1nn/chapter4.ipynb

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转载自blog.csdn.net/weixin_41278720/article/details/80496434
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