使用FFMPEG库将YUV编码为H264

准备

ffmpeg 4.4

准备一段yuv420p的格式的视频原始数据

这里我们使用命令直接提取

ffmpeg -i .\beautlWorld.mp4 -pixel_format yuv420p -s 1280x720 yuv420p_1280x720.yuv

编码流程

大致可以分为以下几步:

1.初始化编码器并设置参数

2.初始化AVPacket和AVFrame,设置参数

3.读取视频文件,进行编码

4.释放内存,结束

编码

以下是完整代码

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
 
extern "C"
{
#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
#include <libavutil/time.h>
#include <libavutil/opt.h>
#include <libavutil/imgutils.h>
}
 
using namespace std;
 
const char* inFileName = "./yuv420p_1280x720.yuv";
const char* outFileName = "./encode_yuv420p_1280x720.h264";
 
 
int encode(AVCodecContext* codecContent, AVPacket* packet, AVFrame* frame, FILE* outFile)
{
	//编码
	int ret = avcodec_send_frame(codecContent, frame);
	if (ret < 0)
	{
		fprintf(stderr, "Error sending a frame for encoding\n");
		return -1;
	}
 
	while (ret == 0)
	{
 
		ret = avcodec_receive_packet(codecContent, packet);
 
		if (ret == AVERROR(EAGAIN) || ret == AVERROR_EOF) {
			return 0;
		}
		else if (ret < 0) {
			fprintf(stderr, "Error encoding video frame\n");
			return -1;
		}
 
		if (ret == 0)
		{
			fwrite(packet->data, 1, packet->size, outFile);
		}
 
	}
}
 
 
 
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
 
	int ret = 0;
 
	AVCodec* codec = nullptr;
	AVCodecContext* codecContent = nullptr;
	AVPacket* packet = nullptr;
	AVFrame* frame = nullptr;
 
	FILE* inFile = nullptr;
	FILE* outFile = nullptr;
 
 
 
	//查找指定编码器
	codec = avcodec_find_encoder(AV_CODEC_ID_H264);
	if (codec == nullptr)
	{
		printf("could not find h264 encoder!");
		return -1;
	}
 
	//申请编码器上下文
	codecContent = avcodec_alloc_context3(codec);
	if (codecContent == nullptr)
	{
		printf("could not alloc h264 content!");
		return -1;
	}
 
	//必设参数
	codecContent->width = 1280;
	codecContent->height = 720;
	codecContent->time_base = AVRational{ 1, 25 };
 
 
	codecContent->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
	codecContent->gop_size = 60; //关键帧间隔,默认250
	codecContent->framerate = AVRational{ 25, 1 };
 
	//初始化编码器上下文
	ret = avcodec_open2(codecContent, codec, NULL);
	if (ret < 0) {
		fprintf(stderr, "Could not open codec: %d\n", ret);
		exit(1);
	}
 
 
	packet = av_packet_alloc();
	if (packet == nullptr)
	{
		printf("alloc packet error");
		return -1;
	}
 
	frame = av_frame_alloc();
	if (packet == nullptr)
	{
		printf("alloc frame error");
		return -1;
	}
 
	//必设参数
	frame->width = codecContent->width;
	frame->height = codecContent->height;
	frame->format = codecContent->pix_fmt;
 
	//设置该参数将导致视频全是I帧,忽略gop_size
	//frame->pict_type = AV_PICTURE_TYPE_I;
 
 
	//申请视频数据存储空间
	ret = av_frame_get_buffer(frame, 0);
	if (ret)
	{
		printf("alloc frame buffer error!");
		return -1;
	}
 
	inFile = fopen(inFileName, "rb");
	if (inFile == nullptr)
	{
		printf("error to open file: %s\n", inFileName);
		return -1;
	}
 
	outFile = fopen(outFileName, "wb");
	if (inFile == nullptr)
	{
		printf("error to open file: %s\n", outFileName);
		return -1;
	}
 
	//帧数记录
	int framecount = 0;
	
	frame->pts = 0;
 
	int start_time = av_gettime() / 1000; //毫秒级
 
 
	while (!feof(inFile))
	{
		ret = av_frame_is_writable(frame);
		if (ret < 0)
		{
			ret = av_frame_make_writable(frame);
		}
 
 
		fread(frame->data[0], 1, frame->width * frame->height, inFile); //y
		fread(frame->data[1], 1, frame->width * frame->height / 4, inFile); //u
		fread(frame->data[2], 1, frame->width * frame->height / 4, inFile);  //v
 
		printf("encode frame num: %d\n", ++framecount);
 
 
		frame->pts += 1000 / (codecContent->time_base.den / codecContent->time_base.num);
		encode(codecContent, packet, frame, outFile);
 
	}
 
	encode(codecContent, packet, nullptr, outFile);
	printf("encode time cost: %d ms\n ", av_gettime() / 1000 - start_time);
 
	av_packet_free(&packet);
	av_frame_free(&frame);
	avcodec_free_context(&codecContent);
	fclose(inFile);
	fclose(outFile);
 
 
	return 0;
}

小结

AVCodecContext

对于视频编码器而言必须设置以下参数:

AVRational time_base;

int width, height;

以下由用户设置,可选

gop_size: 默认250,也就是每250帧一个关键帧,可选设置

max_b_frames: 默认3, b帧最大连续个数

bit_rate: 平均比特率

avcodec_alloc_context3

AVCodecContext *avcodec_alloc_context3(const AVCodec *codec);

为AVCodecContext结构申请空间,并使用默认值初始化!最后使用avcodec_free_context进行释放。

avcodec_open2

int avcodec_open2(AVCodecContext *avctx, const AVCodec *codec, AVDictionary **options);

调用该函数前:time_base(也就是每帧显示的时间),width(帧宽), height(帧高)

av_frame_get_buffer

int av_frame_get_buffer(AVFrame *frame, int align);

为音视频分配数据存储空间。调用该函数前需要设置AVFRAME几个初始值。

音频:1.sample format 2.nb_samples 3.channel_layout

视频:1.pixel format 2.width 3.height

align:直接对其,默认给0,根据当前CPU自行设置

CSDN下载地址:使用FFMPEG编码YUV420P成H264资源-CSDN文库

github地址:yunxiaobaobei/VideoEncode (github.com)

原文链接:使用FFMPEG库将YUV编码为H264_yuv转h264_白杨攻城狮的博客-CSDN博客

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转载自blog.csdn.net/yinshipin007/article/details/131937793