python实现冒泡排序、选择排序、插入排序、归并排序、快速排序

排序算法：

常见的排序算法有冒泡排序、选择排序、插入排序、归并排序、快速排序等

冒泡排序

def bubble_sort(arr):
    n = len(arr)
    for i in range(n):
        for j in range(n-i-1):
            if arr[j] > arr[j+1]:
                arr[j], arr[j+1] = arr[j+1], arr[j]
    return arr

选择排序

def selection_sort(arr):
    n = len(arr)
    for i in range(n):
        min_idx = i
        for j in range(i+1, n):
            if arr[j] < arr[min_idx]:
                min_idx = j
        arr[i], arr[min_idx] = arr[min_idx], arr[i]
    return arr

插入排序

def insertion_sort(arr):
    n = len(arr)
    for i in range(1, n):
        key = arr[i]
        j = i - 1
        while j >= 0 and arr[j] > key:
            arr[j+1] = arr[j]
            j -= 1
        arr[j+1] = key
    return arr

归并排序

def merge_sort(arr):
    if len(arr) > 1:
        mid = len(arr) // 2
        left_arr = arr[:mid]
        right_arr = arr[mid:]

        merge_sort(left_arr)
        merge_sort(right_arr)

        i = j = k = 0

        while i < len(left_arr) and j < len(right_arr):
            if left_arr[i] < right_arr[j]:
                arr[k] = left_arr[i]
                i += 1
            else:
                arr[k] = right_arr[j]
                j += 1
            k += 1

        while i < len(left_arr):
            arr[k] = left_arr[i]
            i += 1
            k += 1

        while j < len(right_arr):
            arr[k] = right_arr[j]
            j += 1
            k += 1

    return arr

归并排序

def merge_sort(arr):
    if len(arr) > 1:
        mid = len(arr) // 2
        left_arr = arr[:mid]
        right_arr = arr[mid:]

        merge_sort(left_arr)
        merge_sort(right_arr)

        i = j = k = 0

        while i < len(left_arr) and j < len(right_arr):
            if left_arr[i] < right_arr[j]:
                arr[k] = left_arr[i]
                i += 1
            else:
                arr[k] = right_arr[j]
                j += 1
            k += 1

        while i < len(left_arr):
            arr[k] = left_arr[i]
            i += 1
            k += 1

        while j < len(right_arr):
            arr[k] = right_arr[j]
            j += 1
            k += 1

    return arr

快速排序

def quick_sort(arr):
    if len(arr) <= 1:
        return arr
    else:
        pivot = arr[0]
        left_arr = []
        right_arr = []
        for i in range(1, len(arr)):
            if arr[i] < pivot:
                left_arr.append(arr[i])
            else:
                right_arr.append(arr[i])
        return quick_sort(left_arr) + [pivot] + quick_sort(right_arr)