MySQL
一、初识数据库
二、数据查询语言（一）
二、数据查询语言（二）
二、数据查询语言（三）
二、数据查询语言（四）
二、数据查询语言（五）
二、数据查询语言（六）
二、数据查询语言（七）
二、数据查询语言（八）案例
前言
一、建立student表
我们用下面这段代码建立student表
DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS student;
CREATE DATABASE student;
USE student;
CREATE TABLE student(
studentno VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
studentname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
loginpwd VARCHAR(8) NOT NULL,
sex CHAR(1) ,
majorid INT NOT NULL REFERENCES grade(majorid),
phone VARCHAR(11),
email VARCHAR(20) ,
borndate DATETIME
);
CREATE TABLE major(
majorid INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
majorname VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL
);
CREATE TABLE result(
id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY,
studentno VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL REFERENCES student(studentno),
score DOUBLE
);
INSERT INTO major VALUES(NULL,'javaee');
INSERT INTO major VALUES(NULL,'html5');
INSERT INTO major VALUES(NULL,'android');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S001','张三封','8888','男',1,'13288886666','[email protected]','1966-9-1');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S002','殷天正','8888','男',1,'13888881234','[email protected]','1976-9-2');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S003','周伯通','8888','男',2,'13288886666','[email protected]','1986-9-3');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S004','张翠山','8888','男',1,'13288886666',NULL,'1995-9-4');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S005','小小张','8888','女',3,'13288885678','[email protected]','1990-9-5');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S006','张无忌','8888','男',2,'13288886666','[email protected]','1998-8-9');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S007','赵敏','0000','女',1,'13288880987','[email protected]','1998-6-9');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S008','周芷若','6666','女',1,'13288883456','[email protected]','1996-7-9');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S009','殷素素','8888','女',1,'13288886666','[email protected]','1986-1-9');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S010','宋远桥','6666','男',3,'1328888890','[email protected]','1996-2-9');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S011','杨不悔','6666','女',2,'13288882345',NULL,'1995-9-9');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S012','杨逍','9999','男',1,'13288885432',NULL,'1976-9-9');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S013','纪晓芙','9999','女',3,'13288888765',NULL,'1976-9-9');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S014','谢逊','9999','男',1,'13288882211',NULL,'1946-9-9');
INSERT INTO student VALUES('S015','宋青书','9999','男',3,'13288889900',NULL,'1976-6-8');
INSERT INTO result VALUES(NULL,'s001',100);
INSERT INTO result VALUES(NULL,'s002',90);
INSERT INTO result VALUES(NULL,'s003',80);
INSERT INTO result VALUES(NULL,'s004',70);
INSERT INTO result VALUES(NULL,'s005',60);
INSERT INTO result VALUES(NULL,'s006',50);
INSERT INTO result VALUES(NULL,'s006',40);
INSERT INTO result VALUES(NULL,'s005',95);
INSERT INTO result VALUES(NULL,'s006',88);
使用SELECT * FROM student;可以查看此表，如图：
二、在student表上操作
一、查询每个专业的学生人数
SELECT majorid,COUNT(*)
FROM student
GROUP BY majorid;
二、查询参加考试的学生中，每个学生的平均分、最高分
#第一种做法是：
SELECT AVG(score),MAX(score),studentno
FROM result
GROUP BY studentno;
#第二种做法
SELECT AVG(score),MAX(score),studentname
FROM result r
INNER JOIN student s
ON s.studentno=r.studentno
GROUP BY studentname;
三、查询姓张的每个学生的最低分大于60的学号、姓名
SELECT s.studentno,s.`studentname`,MIN(score)
FROM student s
INNER JOIN result r
ON s.`studentno`=r.`studentno`
WHERE s.`studentname` LIKE '张%'
GROUP BY s.`studentno`
HAVING MIN(score)>60;
四、查询生日在“1988-1-1”后的学生姓名、专业名称
SELECT s.`studentname`,`majorname`
FROM major m
INNER JOIN student s
ON m.majorid=s.majorid
WHERE DATEDIFF(borndate,'1988-1-1')>0;
五、查询每个专业的男生人数和女生人数分别是多少
#方式一
SELECT sex,COUNT(*) 个数,majorid
FROM student
GROUP BY sex,majorid
#方式二
SELECT majorid,
(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM student WHERE sex='男' AND majorid=s.majorid) 男,
(SELECT COUNT(*) FROM student WHERE sex='女' AND majorid=s.majorid) 女
FROM student s
GROUP BY majorid;
六、查询专业和张翠山一样的学生的最低分
#①查询张翠山的专业编号
SELECT studentname,majorid
FROM student
WHERE studentname='张翠山'
#查询和①中专业编号相同的学生
SELECT studentname
FROM student
WHERE majorid=(
SELECT majorid
FROM student
WHERE studentname='张翠山')
#查询最低分
SELECT MIN(score)
FROM result r
INNER JOIN student s
ON r.studentno=s.studentno
WHERE studentname IN(
SELECT studentname
FROM student
WHERE majorid=(
SELECT majorid
FROM student
WHERE studentname='张翠山')
);
七、查询大于60分的学生的姓名、密码、专业名
SELECT studentname,loginpwd,majorname
FROM student s
INNER JOIN major m ON s.`majorid`=m.`majorid`
INNER JOIN result r ON r.`studentno`=s.`studentno`
WHERE score>60;
八、按邮箱位数分组，查询每组的学生个数
SELECT COUNT(*),LENGTH(email)
FROM student
GROUP BY LENGTH(email);
九、查询学生名、专业名、分数
SELECT studentname,score,majorname
FROM student s
INNER JOIN major m ON s.`majorid`=m.`majorid`
INNER JOIN result r ON r.`studentno`=s.`studentno`;
十、查询哪个专业没有学生，分别用左连接和右连接实现
SELECT m.`majorid`,m.`majorname`,s.`studentno`
FROM major m
LEFT JOIN student s ON s.`majorid`=m.`majorid`
WHERE s.`studentno` IS NULL;
十一、查询没有成绩的学生人数
SELECT COUNT(*),r.id
FROM student s
LEFT JOIN result r ON r.`studentno`=s.`studentno`
WHERE score IS NULL
总结
期待大家和我交流，留言或者私信，一起学习，一起进步！