学习笔记：SSM框架整合步骤

SSM整合三阶段

Spring与SpringMVC环境配置
Spring与Mybatis的整合配置
其他组件配置：声明式事务、日志······

一、Spring与SpringMVC环境配置

1.1 依赖Spring-webmvc
在pom文件中加入SpringMVC的依赖包

		<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

1.2 在web.xml文件中配置DispatcherServlet

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

1.3 启用SpringMVC注解模式
在applicationContext.xml中配置SpringMVC注解模式

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:mv="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xmlns:task="http://www.springframework.org/schema/task"
       xsi:schemaLocation="
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/task
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/task/spring-task.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="com.imooc"/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven>
        <!--解决响应输出时的中文乱码问题-->
        <mvc:message-converters>
            <bean class="org.springframework.http.converter.StringHttpMessageConverter">
                <property name="supportedMediaTypes">
                    <list>
                        <value>text/html;charset=utf-8</value>
                        <value>application/json;charset=utf-8</value>
                    </list>
                </property>
            </bean>
        </mvc:message-converters>
    </mvc:annotation-driven>
    <!--将静态资源排除在外，提高程序处理效率-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>

1.4 配置请求与响应字符集
解决请求中的字符集编码问题，在web.xml中配置CharacterEncodingFilter，这是针对的POST请求，GET请求是要去改tomcat的server.xml文件，在tomcat8之后，默认get请求就是按照UTF-8的字符集编码，所以无需再手动配置

    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

要解决响应中的字符集编码问题，见1.3 启用SpringMVC注解模式中mvc:annotation-driven标签中的配置内容

1.5 配置FreeMarker模板引擎
pom文件中加入依赖包
freemarker:FreeMarker模板引擎
spring-context-support:spring对FreeMarker模板引擎的支持

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.freemarker</groupId>
            <artifactId>freemarker</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.30</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

applicationContext.xml文件中配置FreeMarker模板引擎

    <bean id="freemarkerConfig" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer">
                <!--配置ftl文件存放地址-->
        <property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/ftl"></property>
        <property name="freemarkerSettings">
            <props>
                <!--这个UTF-8是读取ftl文件的时候用的，是用UTF-8去读取ftl文件本身的内容-->
                <prop key="defaultEncoding">UTF-8</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
    <!--这个bean id “ViewResolve”r名称固定，这是SpringMVC的强制规定；这个配置决定了使用哪种模板引擎来对数据进行解析 -->
    <bean id="ViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver">
     	<!--这个配置的含义是视图解析器将数据与模板引擎结合所产生的新的html片段，向响应输出时使用utf-8的字符集编码 -->
        <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=utf-8"></property>
        <!--配置模板引擎扩展名 -->
        <property name="suffix" value=".ftl"></property>
    </bean>

1.6 配置Json序列化组件
pom文件中加入依赖包
jackson-core：jackson的核心
jackson-annotations：注解包，提供一系列可以用在实体类上的注解，方便我们序列化与反序列化
jackson-databind：数据绑定包，通过这个数据绑定包，能够使我们与SpringMVC中的数据进行有效的交互

        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.12.5</version>
        </dependency>

二、Spring与Mybatis的整合配置

2.1 pom文件中依赖mybatis-spring及驱动

        <!--Mybatis整合Spring引入依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--Mybatis与spring整合组件-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.3</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>8.0.25</version>
        </dependency>
        <!--连接池-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.14</version>
        </dependency>

2.2 applicationContext.xml中配置数据源与连接池

    <!--Mybatis与Spring的整合配置-->
    <!--配置数据源-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="url"
                  value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:9999/imooc_reader?useSSL=false&amp;characterEncoding=UTF-8&amp;serverTimeZone=Asia/Shanghai&amp;allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true"></property>
        <property name="username" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="root"></property>
        <property name="initialSize" value="5"></property>
        <property name="maxActive" value="30"></property>
    </bean>

2.3 applicationContext.xml中配置SqlSessionFactory

    <!--SqlSessionFactoryBean用于根据配置信息创建SqlSessionFactory，不再需要我们自己编码创建-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
    	<!--数据源 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
        <!--mapper文件存放地址 -->
        <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:mappers/*.xml"></property>
        <!--Mybatis配置文件地址-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>
    </bean>

2.4 applicationContext.xml中配置Mapper扫描器

    <!--配置Mapper扫描器,用于扫描com.imooc.reader.mapper包下的所有mapper接口，并根据对应的xml文件（mapper文件）自动生成实现类-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.imooc.reader.mapper"/>
    </bean>

2.5 创建mybatis-config.xml

<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <settings>
        <!--开启驼峰转换-->
        <setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
    </settings>
</configuration>

三、其他组件配置

3.1 整合JUint单元测试
pom文件中增加依赖包

        <!--单元测试依赖-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
            <version>5.2.6.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>

测试文件中需要加入注解，以便于完成初始化

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //这个注解说明JUnit在运行时会自动初始化IOC容器
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {
    
    "classpath:applicationContext.xml"}) //这个注解说明配置文件在什么地方
public class TestServiceTest {
    
    
    @Resource
    private TestService testService;

    @Test
    public void batchImport() {
    
    
        testService.batchImport();
    }
}

3.2 配置logback日志输出
pom文件中引入相关依赖

        <dependency>
            <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId>
            <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.3</version>
        </dependency>

创建logback.xml，并完成相关配置

<configuration>
    <appender name="console" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender">
        <encoder class="ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder">
            <pattern> %d{YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} %-5level [%thread] %logger{30} - %msg%n</pattern>
            <charset>utf-8</charset>
        </encoder>
    </appender>
    <root level="debugger">
        <appender-ref ref="console"></appender-ref>
    </root>
    <!--以天为单位将日志保存在文件中-->
    <appender name="accessHistoryLog" class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.RollingFileAppender">
        <rollingPolicy class="ch.qos.logback.core.rolling.TimeBasedRollingPolicy">
            <fileNamePattern>d:/logs/history.%d.log</fileNamePattern>
        </rollingPolicy>
        <encoder>
            <pattern>[%thread] %d %level %logger{30} - %msg%n</pattern>
        </encoder>
    </appender>
    <logger name="com.imooc.reader.interceptor.LoginInterceptor" level="info" additivity="false">
        <appender-ref ref="accessHistoryLog"/>
    </logger>
</configuration>
</configuration>

3.3 声明式事务配置
在applicationContext.xml中配置

    <!--声明式事务配置-->
    <!--transacationManager控制事务的打开、提交、回滚-->
    <bean id="transacationManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
    	<!--配置数据源 -->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
    </bean>
    <!--启用注解模式的声明式事务-->
    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transacationManager"/>

只要在方法上加上@Transactional注解，就表示启用了声明式事务