2021 ICM
Problem F: Checking the Pulse and Temperature of Higher Education
What does it mean for a nation to have a healthy, sustainable higher education system? What issues matter? Is it cost, access, equity, funding, value of a degree, quality of education, level of research, exchange of ideas of the world’s brightest minds, some of the above, all of the above, or something else altogether?
一个国家拥有健康，可持续的高等教育体系意味着什么？ 什么问题重要？ 是成本，途径，公平性，资金，学位价值，教育质量，研究水平，交流世界上最聪明的人的想法，是以上的某些，是以上全部还是其他？
A system of higher education is an important element in a nation’s efforts to further educate its citizens beyond required primary and secondary education, and therefore has value both as an industry itself and as a source of trained and educated citizens for the nation’s economy. As we look around the world from Germany to the United States to Japan to Australia, we see a variety of national approaches to higher education, with each of these nations not only educating their own students, but also drawing large numbers of international students every year. Each of these national systems of higher education has its strengths and weaknesses, and in the wake of adjustments required during the current pandemic, nations have had the opportunity to reflect on what is working and what could be even better. However, change is often difficult. The institutional changes required to advance any system require policies implemented over an extended period of time in order to reach a more healthy and sustainable system.
高等教育系统是一国进一步努力对其公民进行超出必修的初等和中等教育的努力的重要组成部分，因此，它既具有产业本身的价值，又具有为该国经济提供训练有素的公民的价值。从德国到美国到日本到澳大利亚，我们环顾世界各地，我们看到了各种国家的高等教育方式，每个国家不仅教育自己的学生，而且每年都吸引大量的国际学生。 。这些国家的高等教育体系都有其优点和缺点，在当前的大流行中需要进行调整之后，各国才有机会思考什么是行之有效的，还有什么可以做得更好。但是，改变通常很困难。推进任何系统所需的体制变革都要求在较长时间内实施政策，以实现更健康，更可持续的系统。
In this problem, you are to develop a model to measure and assess the health of a system of higher education at a national level, to identify a healthy and sustainable state for a
given nation’s higher education system, and to propose and analyze a suite of policies to migrate a nation from its current state to your proposed healthy and sustainable state.
在这个问题上，您将开发一个模型来测量和评估国家/地区高等教育系统的健康状况，从而确定健康和可持续发展的状态。给定国家的高等教育系统，并提出和分析一系列政策，将一个国家从当前状态迁移到您提议的健康，可持续的状态。
Specifically, you are being asked to:
具体来说，系统会要求您：
1develop and validate a model or suite of models that allow you to assess the health of any nation’s system of higher education;
开发和验证一个或一组模型，使您可以评估任何国家的高等教育系统的健康状况；
2apply your model to several countries, and then select a nation whose system of higher education has room for improvement based on your analysis;
将您的模型应用于多个国家，然后根据您的分析选择一个其高等教育系统仍有改进空间的国家；
3propose an attainable and reasonable vision for your selected nation’s system that supports a healthy and sustainable system of higher education;
针对所选国家的系统提出可实现且合理的愿景，以支持健康，可持续的高等教育系统；
4use your model to measure the health of both the current system and proposed, healthy, sustainable system for your selected nation;
使用您的模型来衡量当前系统以及所选国家/地区提议的，健康，可持续的系统的健康状况；
5propose targeted policies and an implementation timeline that will support the migration from the current state to your proposed state;
提出有针对性的政策和实施时间表，以支持从当前状态到提议状态的迁移；
6use your model(s) to shape and/or assess the effectiveness of your policies; anddiscuss the real-world impacts (e.g., on students, on faculty, on schools, on communities, on the nation) of implementing your plan both during the transition and in the end state, acknowledging the reality that change is hard.
使用您的模型来制定和/或评估政策的有效性；和讨论在过渡期和最终状态下实施计划的现实世界影响（例如，对学生，教师，学校，社区，国家的影响），并承认现实是变革很难。
The ICM-F Committee, an interdisciplinary and diverse group from the fields of policy, higher education, social and political science, and mathematics, looks forward to your final report.
ICM-F委员会是一个跨学科，多元化的小组，来自政策，高等教育，社会和政治科学以及数学领域，期待您的最终报告
Your PDF solution of no more than 25 total pages should include:
One-page Summary Sheet.
Table of Contents.
Your complete solution.
References list.
单页摘要表。
目录。
您的完整解决方案。
参考列表。
Note: New for 2021! The ICM Contest now has a 25-page limit. All aspects of your submission count toward the 25-page limit: Summary Sheet, Table of Contents, Main Body of Solution, Images and Tables, Reference List, and any Appendices.
2021年的新功能！ 现在，ICM竞赛限制为25页。 提交的所有方面均计为25页的限制：摘要表，目录，解决方案主体，图像和表格，参考列表和任何附录。
Glossary
Higher Education (post-secondary education, third-level, or tertiary education): an optional final stage of formal learning that occurs after completion of the required (many times secondary) level of education.
高等教育（专上教育，第三级或第三级教育）：在完成所需的（很多次中学）教育水平后，可选的正式学习最后阶段。
Sustainable System: a system that maintains its effectiveness over time.
可持续系统：长期保持有效性的系统。
System Health: a measure of the ability of an organization or system to align around a common vision, execute against that vision effectively, and renew itself through innovation and creative thinking.
系统健康：衡量组织或系统围绕共同愿景，有效执行该愿景并通过创新和创造性思维进行自我更新的能力。
System of Higher Education: an organizational structure that consists of higher educational institutions (colleges, universities, etc.) as well as personnel and infrastructure required to educate students beyond the secondary level.
高等教育系统：一种组织结构，由高等教育机构（学院，大学等）以及教育中学以上学生所需的人员和基础设施组成。