学习嵌入式Linux开发——韦东山升级版全系列嵌入式视频之总线设备驱动模型代码分析

概述

今天看了《韦东山升级版全系列嵌入式视频之总线设备驱动模型》这一节的视频,看完之后感觉有一种似懂非懂的感觉,因此我对改节视频对应源码进行分析,结果如下:

函数关系图

在这里插入图片描述

模型分析

该模型分三层:
一、驱动层

二、设备层

三、资源层

数据流向大致为资源层->设备层->驱动层

资源层->设备层

要用到的引脚、设备数量等定义在资源层的resource数组内:

struct resource {
	resource_size_t start;
	resource_size_t end;
	const char *name;
	unsigned long flags;
	struct resource *parent, *sibling, *child;
};

例:

static struct resource resources[] = {
        {
                .start = GROUP_PIN(3,1),
                .flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ,
                .name = "100ask_led_pin",
        },
        {
                .start = GROUP_PIN(5,8),
                .flags = IORESOURCE_IRQ,
                .name = "100ask_led_pin",
        },
};

在设备层chip_demo_gpio.c中通过platform_get_resource()函数将resource中的数据传入设备层,并在.probe = chip_demo_gpio_probe函数中创建device,在.remove = chip_demo_gpio_remove函数中卸载device:

static struct platform_driver chip_demo_gpio_driver = {
    .probe      = chip_demo_gpio_probe,
    .remove     = chip_demo_gpio_remove,
    .driver     = {
        .name   = "100ask_led",
    },
};

static int chip_demo_gpio_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
    struct resource *res;
    int i = 0;

    while (1)
    {
        res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, i++);
        if (!res)
            break;
        
        g_ledpins[g_ledcnt] = res->start;
        led_class_create_device(g_ledcnt);
        g_ledcnt++;
    }
    return 0;
    
}

static int chip_demo_gpio_remove(struct platform_device *pdev)
{
    struct resource *res;
    int i = 0;

    while (1)
    {
        res = platform_get_resource(pdev, IORESOURCE_IRQ, i);
        if (!res)
            break;
        
        led_class_destroy_device(i);
        i++;
        g_ledcnt--;
    }
    return 0;
}

设备层->驱动层

创建device的函数定义在驱动层leddrv.c:led_class_create_device();led_class_destroy_device()定义在驱动层leddrv.c:

static struct class *led_class;

void led_class_create_device(int minor)
{
	device_create(led_class, NULL, MKDEV(major, minor), NULL, "100ask_led%d", minor); /* /dev/100ask_led0,1,... */
}
void led_class_destroy_device(int minor)
{
	device_destroy(led_class, MKDEV(major, minor));
}

设备层在board_demo_led_opr结构体中对硬件进行设置,并在chip_demo_gpio_drv_init()中使用register_led_operration(&board_demo_led_opr)函数将设备层中结构体led_operations board_demo_led_opr的内容传入驱动层。
led_operations board_demo_led_opr结构体的内容:

/* 在例程中没有对硬件进行操作,只写了一个框架 */
static struct led_operations board_demo_led_opr = {
    .init = board_demo_led_init,	//在此函数中使能时钟、设置引脚工作模式、设置输入输出模式
    .ctl  = board_demo_led_ctl,		//在此函数中设置引脚电平
};

static int board_demo_led_init (int which) /* 初始化LED, which-哪个LED */       
{   
    //printk("%s %s line %d, led %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, which);
    
    printk("init gpio: group %d, pin %d\n", GROUP(g_ledpins[which]), PIN(g_ledpins[which]));
    switch(GROUP(g_ledpins[which]))
    {
        case 0:
        {
            printk("init pin of group 0 ...\n");
            break;
        }
        case 1:
        {
            printk("init pin of group 1 ...\n");
            break;
        }
        case 2:
        {
            printk("init pin of group 2 ...\n");
            break;
        }
        case 3:
        {
            printk("init pin of group 3 ...\n");
            break;
        }
    }
    
    return 0;
}

static int board_demo_led_ctl (int which, char status) /* 控制LED, which-哪个LED, status:1-亮,0-灭 */
{
    //printk("%s %s line %d, led %d, %s\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__, which, status ? "on" : "off");
    printk("set led %s: group %d, pin %d\n", status ? "on" : "off", GROUP(g_ledpins[which]), PIN(g_ledpins[which]));

    switch(GROUP(g_ledpins[which]))
    {
        case 0:
        {
            printk("set pin of group 0 ...\n");
            break;
        }
        case 1:
        {
            printk("set pin of group 1 ...\n");
            break;
        }
        case 2:
        {
            printk("set pin of group 2 ...\n");
            break;
        }
        case 3:
        {
            printk("set pin of group 3 ...\n");
            break;
        }
    }

    return 0;
}

chip_demo_gpio_drv_init()函数:

static int __init chip_demo_gpio_drv_init(void)
{
    int err;
    
    err = platform_driver_register(&chip_demo_gpio_driver); 
    
    /* 此函数定义在驱动层leddrv.c,在此处使用将board_demo_led_opr中的内容传入驱动层的p_led_opr */
    register_led_operations(&board_demo_led_opr);   
    
    return 0;
}

设备层leddrv.c中register_led_operration()的定义

struct led_operations *p_led_opr;
void register_led_operations(struct led_operations *opr)
{
	p_led_opr = opr;
}

然后通过p_led_opr ->init()p_led_opr ->ctl()在open和write函数中操作硬件

/* 2. 定义自己的file_operations结构体                                              */
static struct file_operations led_drv = {
	.owner	 = THIS_MODULE,
	.open    = led_drv_open,
	.read    = led_drv_read,
	.write   = led_drv_write,
	.release = led_drv_close,
};

/* 3. 实现对应的open/read/write等函数,填入file_operations结构体                   */
/* write(fd, &val, 1); */
static ssize_t led_drv_write (struct file *file, const char __user *buf, size_t size, loff_t *offset)
{
	int err;
	char status;
	struct inode *inode = file_inode(file);
	int minor = iminor(inode);
	
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
	err = copy_from_user(&status, buf, 1);

	/* 根据次设备号和status控制LED */
	p_led_opr->ctl(minor, status);
	
	return 1;
}

static int led_drv_open (struct inode *node, struct file *file)
{
	int minor = iminor(node);
	
	printk("%s %s line %d\n", __FILE__, __FUNCTION__, __LINE__);
	/* 根据次设备号初始化LED */
	p_led_opr->init(minor);
	
	return 0;
}

总结

总结的比较乱,但是目前我也只理解到这一步了,如果以后有了新的思路就再改吧,谢谢观看。

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转载自blog.csdn.net/hengxing666/article/details/105849638