django_day10_项目相关

展示数据的方法
- 数据对象obj
  - 普通字段
  1. obj.字段名 ====》数据库该字段的值
  - 带choices参数的
    1. obj.字段名 ====》数据库该字段的值
    2. obj.get_字段名_display() ====》要显示的结果
  - 外键
    1. obj.外键====》所关联的对象 __str__ 方法
    2. obj.外键.字段
  - 自定义方法
```
from django.utils.safestring import mark_safe
def show_publish_status(self):
    color_dict = {True:'green',False:'#772a4d'}
    return mark_safe('<span style="background: {};color: white;padding: 3px">{}</span>'.format(color_dict[self.publish_status],self.get_publish_status_display()))
```

定义modelform

class ArticleForm(forms.ModelForm):
    class Meta:
        model = models.Article#只能是model
        fields = "__all__"
        exclude = ['detail']
        # widgets = {
        #     'title':forms.TextInput(attrs={'class':'form-control'})
        # }
    def __init__(self,*args,**kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args,**kwargs)#执行父类方法
        #自定义的操作
        # self.fields 是个有序字典 字典中的值就是字段的对象
        for field in self.fields.values():#field 就是models中定义的字段
            field.widget.attrs['class'] = 'form-control'#field.widgrt
            # 是拿到对应的插件的对象field.widget.attrs 然后拿到对应的属性做修改

使用form

def article_add(request):
    form_obj = ArticleForm()#什么都不传
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form_obj = ArticleForm(request.POST)#拿到form表单
        #开始校验
        if form_obj.is_valid():
            #获取文章详情字符串
            detail = request.POST.get('detail')
            # 创建文章详情对象
            detail_obj = models.ArticleDetail.objects.create(content=detail)
            form_obj.instance.detail_id = detail_obj.pk
            form_obj.save() # form_obj.instance.save（）
            return redirect('article_list')
    return render(request, 'article_add.html', {'form_obj': form_obj})

#关联了俩个表
def article_edit(request, pk):
    obj = models.Article.objects.filter(pk=pk).first()  # 查到一个queryset对象 first拿到第一个 如果没有则返回为null
    form_obj = ArticleForm(instance=obj) #传了个instance对象
    if request.method == 'POST':
        form_obj = ArticleForm(request.POST, instance=obj)  # 包含数据库没修改之前的数据  以及表单提交的数据
        if form_obj.is_valid():  # 通过校验
            form_obj.instance.detail.content = request.POST.get('detail')
            form_obj.instance.detail.save()# 修改以后 还要保存 文章详情
            form_obj.save()# 保存文章的信息
    return render(request, 'article_edit.html', {'form_obj': form_obj, 'obj': obj})


#HTML
<form class="form-horizontal" method="post" action="" novalidate>
{% csrf_token %}
{% for field in form_obj %}

    {{ field.id_for_label }} # 拿到id
    
    {{ field.label }} #提示信息  models中的  verbose_name
    
    {{ field }}  #生成input框
    
    {{ field.errors.0 }} #错误
    
{% endfor %}
 </form>

让用户上传图像

#model中添加ImageField
avatar = models.ImageField(upload_to='img/avatar',default='img/avatar/default.jpg')

#ImageField 依赖pillow模块


#settings.py中的配置
MEDIA_URL = '/media/'
MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR,'media')

#urls.py中的配置
from django.views.static import serve
from django.conf import settings
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
    url(r'^', include('app01.urls')),
    url(r'^media/(?P<path>.*)',serve,{'document_root':settings.MEDIA_ROOT}),
]

#模板中使用
注册时：form中加上 enctype="multipart/form-data"
显示时：<img width="20px" src="/media/img/avatar/张伟.jpg" alt="">

#views中
form_ojb = RegForm(request.POST,request.FILES)

使用django-ckeditor

下载pip install django-ckeditor

注册app

INSTALLED_APPS = [
	........
    'ckeditor',
    'ckeditor_uploader',
]

urls.py

urlpatterns = [
  .........................
    url(r'^ckeditor/', include('ckeditor_uploader.urls')),
]

models.py

class ArticleDetailForm(forms.ModelForm):

    class Meta:
        model = models.ArticleDetail # 只能是model
        fields = "__all__"
form_obj = ArticleDetailForm()#实例化

html

引用静态文件

{% block js %}
{% load static %}
<script type="text/javascript" src="{% static "ckeditor/ckeditor-init.js" %}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="{% static "ckeditor/ckeditor/ckeditor.js" %}"></script>
{% endblock %}

上传需要认证，取消认证

#将staff_member_required这个装饰器取消掉
urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^upload/', staff_member_required(views.upload), name='ckeditor_upload'),
    url(r'^browse/', never_cache(staff_member_required(views.browse)), name='ckeditor_browse'),
]

#改为下面这样
from ckeditor_uploader import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^upload/', views.upload, name='ckeditor_upload'),
    url(r'^browse/', never_cache(views.browse), name='ckeditor_browse'),
]

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