Java递归通俗易懂实现八皇后问题
package oj;
/**
* @author JMChen
* @date 2020/4/22
*/
public class EightQueen {
public static int n = 8, count = 0; //可以改变n的值，得到n皇后问题，count是第count种形式
public static void main(String[] args) {
int[][] mainChess = new int[n][n]; //二维数组默认初始化为0
putChess(0, mainChess); //递归的是行
}
//放棋子
public static void putChess(int row, int[][] Chess) {
int[][] curChess = (int[][]) Chess.clone();//复制一个临时棋盘
if (row == n) {
count++;
System.out.println(count);
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++)
System.out.print(curChess[i][j] + " ");
System.out.println();
}
System.out.println();
return;
} else {
//判断同列是否有棋子
for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
//如果所在列不危险可以下棋，就把该行清空，清空该行是因为把上次在该行填的棋子清掉
//是为了重写填入该行的棋子
if (!isDanger(row, i, curChess)) {
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
curChess[row][j] = 0;
}
//清空后，填入该棋子
curChess[row][i] = 1;
putChess(row + 1, curChess);
}
}
}
}
public static boolean isDanger(int row, int col, int[][] curChess) {
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++) {
//判断该列是否有棋子(危险)
if (curChess[i][col] == 1) return true;
for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
//这里判断斜线是否有棋子，巧妙地使用y=±x + b来判断
if (((row + col) == (i + j) || (row - col) == (i - j)) && curChess[i][j] == 1)
return true;
}
}
return false;
}
}
运行结果如下：
/**
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0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
91
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
92
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
Process finished with exit code 0
*/
