首先用C语言的GTK生成动态链接库,然后利用java的native方法调用该动态链接库就可以了,是不是很简单。
环境:
JDK 8;
OS:CentOS5;
GTK:gtk+-2.0
首先看下我的文件树(编译运行后的):
. ├── 37_drawingPic3.c ├── config.sh ├── Demo_03_JButton_JPanel.java ├── Demo$1.class ├── Demo$2.class ├── Demo.class ├── Demo.h └── libGTK.so
首先编写含有native方法的java程序:
import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.Toolkit; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.GridLayout; import javax.swing.JButton; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JPanel; class Demo extends JFrame { private Toolkit toolkit; public native void gtk_draw(); Demo() { setTitle("Demo"); setSize(300, 200); toolkit = getToolkit(); Dimension size = toolkit.getScreenSize(); System.loadLibrary("GTK"); setLocation((size.width/2 - getWidth())/2, (size.height - getHeight())/2); setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE); JPanel panel = new JPanel(); //getContentPane().add(panel); add(panel); //panel.setLayout(new GridLayout(2,2)); panel.setLayout(null); JButton beep = new JButton("Beep"); beep.setBounds(150, 60, 80, 30); beep.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) { toolkit.beep(); System.out.println("Beep"); gtk_draw(); } }); JButton close = new JButton("Close"); close.setBounds(50, 60, 80, 30); close.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) { System.exit(0); } }); panel.add(beep); panel.add(close); } public static void main(String[] args) { Demo demo = new Demo(); demo.setVisible(true); } }
编译该java程序:
$ javac Demo_03_JButton_JPanel.java
生成Demo.class文件,改文件名是由含有native方法的类名决定。然后用javah -jni编译生成头文件:
$ javah -jni Demo
然后生成Demo.h文件,改文件名也是由含有native方法的类名决定,文件内容如下:
/* DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE - it is machine generated */ #include <jni.h> /* Header for class Demo */ #ifndef _Included_Demo #define _Included_Demo #ifdef __cplusplus extern "C" { #endif #undef Demo_FOCUS_TRAVERSABLE_UNKNOWN #define Demo_FOCUS_TRAVERSABLE_UNKNOWN 0L #undef Demo_FOCUS_TRAVERSABLE_DEFAULT #define Demo_FOCUS_TRAVERSABLE_DEFAULT 1L #undef Demo_FOCUS_TRAVERSABLE_SET #define Demo_FOCUS_TRAVERSABLE_SET 2L #undef Demo_TOP_ALIGNMENT #define Demo_TOP_ALIGNMENT 0.0f #undef Demo_CENTER_ALIGNMENT #define Demo_CENTER_ALIGNMENT 0.5f #undef Demo_BOTTOM_ALIGNMENT #define Demo_BOTTOM_ALIGNMENT 1.0f #undef Demo_LEFT_ALIGNMENT #define Demo_LEFT_ALIGNMENT 0.0f #undef Demo_RIGHT_ALIGNMENT #define Demo_RIGHT_ALIGNMENT 1.0f #undef Demo_serialVersionUID #define Demo_serialVersionUID -7644114512714619750LL #undef Demo_serialVersionUID #define Demo_serialVersionUID 4613797578919906343LL #undef Demo_INCLUDE_SELF #define Demo_INCLUDE_SELF 1L #undef Demo_SEARCH_HEAVYWEIGHTS #define Demo_SEARCH_HEAVYWEIGHTS 1L #undef Demo_OPENED #define Demo_OPENED 1L #undef Demo_serialVersionUID #define Demo_serialVersionUID 4497834738069338734LL #undef Demo_DEFAULT_CURSOR #define Demo_DEFAULT_CURSOR 0L #undef Demo_CROSSHAIR_CURSOR #define Demo_CROSSHAIR_CURSOR 1L #undef Demo_TEXT_CURSOR #define Demo_TEXT_CURSOR 2L #undef Demo_WAIT_CURSOR #define Demo_WAIT_CURSOR 3L #undef Demo_SW_RESIZE_CURSOR #define Demo_SW_RESIZE_CURSOR 4L #undef Demo_SE_RESIZE_CURSOR #define Demo_SE_RESIZE_CURSOR 5L #undef Demo_NW_RESIZE_CURSOR #define Demo_NW_RESIZE_CURSOR 6L #undef Demo_NE_RESIZE_CURSOR #define Demo_NE_RESIZE_CURSOR 7L #undef Demo_N_RESIZE_CURSOR #define Demo_N_RESIZE_CURSOR 8L #undef Demo_S_RESIZE_CURSOR #define Demo_S_RESIZE_CURSOR 9L #undef Demo_W_RESIZE_CURSOR #define Demo_W_RESIZE_CURSOR 10L #undef Demo_E_RESIZE_CURSOR #define Demo_E_RESIZE_CURSOR 11L #undef Demo_HAND_CURSOR #define Demo_HAND_CURSOR 12L #undef Demo_MOVE_CURSOR #define Demo_MOVE_CURSOR 13L #undef Demo_NORMAL #define Demo_NORMAL 0L #undef Demo_ICONIFIED #define Demo_ICONIFIED 1L #undef Demo_MAXIMIZED_HORIZ #define Demo_MAXIMIZED_HORIZ 2L #undef Demo_MAXIMIZED_VERT #define Demo_MAXIMIZED_VERT 4L #undef Demo_MAXIMIZED_BOTH #define Demo_MAXIMIZED_BOTH 6L #undef Demo_serialVersionUID #define Demo_serialVersionUID 2673458971256075116LL #undef Demo_EXIT_ON_CLOSE #define Demo_EXIT_ON_CLOSE 3L /* * Class: Demo * Method: gtk_draw * Signature: ()V */ JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_Demo_gtk_1draw (JNIEnv *, jobject); #ifdef __cplusplus } #endif #endif
然后按照该头文件中的函数名编写C语言代码,并包含该头文件:
/* GTK - The GIMP Toolkit * Copyright (C) 1995-1997 Peter Mattis, Spencer Kimball and Josh MacDonald * * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. * * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU * Lesser General Public License for more details. * * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public * License along with this library; if not, write to the * Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, * Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA. */ /* * Modified by the GTK+ Team and others 1997-2000. See the AUTHORS * file for a list of people on the GTK+ Team. See the ChangeLog * files for a list of changes. These files are distributed with * GTK+ at ftp://ftp.gtk.org/pub/gtk/. */ //#include <config.h> #include <stdio.h> #include "gtk/gtk.h" #include "Demo.h" /* Backing pixmap for drawing area */ static GdkPixmap *pixmap = NULL; /* Information about cursor */ static gint cursor_proximity = TRUE; static gdouble cursor_x; static gdouble cursor_y; /* Unique ID of current device */ static GdkDevice *current_device; /* Erase the old cursor, and/or draw a new one, if necessary */ static void update_cursor (GtkWidget *widget, gdouble x, gdouble y) { static gint cursor_present = 0; gint state = !current_device->has_cursor && cursor_proximity; if (pixmap != NULL) { if (cursor_present && (cursor_present != state || x != cursor_x || y != cursor_y)) { gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window, widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)], pixmap, cursor_x - 5, cursor_y - 5, cursor_x - 5, cursor_y - 5, 10, 10); } cursor_present = state; cursor_x = x; cursor_y = y; if (cursor_present) { gdk_draw_rectangle (widget->window, widget->style->black_gc, TRUE, cursor_x - 5, cursor_y -5, 10, 10); } } } /* Create a new backing pixmap of the appropriate size */ static gint configure_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventConfigure *event) { if (pixmap) g_object_unref (pixmap); pixmap = gdk_pixmap_new(widget->window, widget->allocation.width, widget->allocation.height, -1); gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap, widget->style->white_gc, TRUE, 0, 0, widget->allocation.width, widget->allocation.height); return TRUE; } /* Refill the screen from the backing pixmap */ static gint expose_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventExpose *event) { gdk_draw_drawable (widget->window, widget->style->fg_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)], pixmap, event->area.x, event->area.y, event->area.x, event->area.y, event->area.width, event->area.height); return FALSE; } /* Draw a rectangle on the screen, size depending on pressure, and color on the type of device */ static void draw_brush (GtkWidget *widget, GdkInputSource source, gdouble x, gdouble y, gdouble pressure) { GdkGC *gc; GdkRectangle update_rect; switch (source) { case GDK_SOURCE_MOUSE: gc = widget->style->dark_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)]; break; case GDK_SOURCE_PEN: gc = widget->style->black_gc; break; case GDK_SOURCE_ERASER: gc = widget->style->white_gc; break; default: gc = widget->style->light_gc[GTK_WIDGET_STATE (widget)]; } update_rect.x = x - 10 * pressure; update_rect.y = y - 10 * pressure; update_rect.width = 20 * pressure; update_rect.height = 20 * pressure; gdk_draw_rectangle (pixmap, gc, TRUE, update_rect.x, update_rect.y, update_rect.width, update_rect.height); gtk_widget_queue_draw_area (widget, update_rect.x, update_rect.y, update_rect.width, update_rect.height); gdk_window_process_updates (widget->window, TRUE); } static guint32 motion_time; static void print_axes (GdkDevice *device, gdouble *axes) { int i; if (axes) { g_print ("%s ", device->name); for (i=0; i<device->num_axes; i++) g_print ("%g ", axes[i]); g_print ("\n"); } } static gint button_press_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventButton *event) { current_device = event->device; cursor_proximity = TRUE; if (event->button == 1 && pixmap != NULL) { gdouble pressure = 0.5; print_axes (event->device, event->axes); gdk_event_get_axis ((GdkEvent *)event, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure); draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, event->x, event->y, pressure); motion_time = event->time; } update_cursor (widget, event->x, event->y); return TRUE; } static gint key_press_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventKey *event) { if ((event->keyval >= 0x20) && (event->keyval <= 0xFF)) printf("I got a %c\n", event->keyval); else printf("I got some other key\n"); return TRUE; } static gint motion_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventMotion *event) { GdkTimeCoord **events; int n_events; int i; current_device = event->device; cursor_proximity = TRUE; if (event->state & GDK_BUTTON1_MASK && pixmap != NULL) { if (gdk_device_get_history (event->device, event->window, motion_time, event->time, &events, &n_events)) { for (i=0; i<n_events; i++) { double x = 0, y = 0, pressure = 0.5; gdk_device_get_axis (event->device, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_X, &x); gdk_device_get_axis (event->device, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_Y, &y); gdk_device_get_axis (event->device, events[i]->axes, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure); draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, x, y, pressure); print_axes (event->device, events[i]->axes); } gdk_device_free_history (events, n_events); } else { double pressure = 0.5; gdk_event_get_axis ((GdkEvent *)event, GDK_AXIS_PRESSURE, &pressure); draw_brush (widget, event->device->source, event->x, event->y, pressure); } motion_time = event->time; } if (event->is_hint) gdk_device_get_state (event->device, event->window, NULL, NULL); print_axes (event->device, event->axes); update_cursor (widget, event->x, event->y); return TRUE; } /* We track the next two events to know when we need to draw a cursor */ static gint proximity_out_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventProximity *event) { cursor_proximity = FALSE; update_cursor (widget, cursor_x, cursor_y); return TRUE; } static gint leave_notify_event (GtkWidget *widget, GdkEventCrossing *event) { cursor_proximity = FALSE; update_cursor (widget, cursor_x, cursor_y); return TRUE; } void input_dialog_destroy (GtkWidget *w, gpointer data) { *((GtkWidget **)data) = NULL; } void create_input_dialog (void) { static GtkWidget *inputd = NULL; if (!inputd) { inputd = gtk_input_dialog_new (); g_signal_connect (inputd, "destroy", G_CALLBACK (input_dialog_destroy), &inputd); g_signal_connect_swapped (GTK_INPUT_DIALOG (inputd)->close_button, "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_hide), inputd); gtk_widget_hide (GTK_INPUT_DIALOG (inputd)->save_button); gtk_widget_show (inputd); } else { if (!GTK_WIDGET_MAPPED(inputd)) gtk_widget_show(inputd); else gdk_window_raise(inputd->window); } } void quit (void) { gtk_main_quit (); } JNIEXPORT void JNICALL Java_Demo_gtk_1draw (JNIEnv *env, jobject obj) { int argc; char **argv; GtkWidget *window; GtkWidget *drawing_area; GtkWidget *vbox; GtkWidget *button; gtk_init (&argc, &argv); current_device = gdk_device_get_core_pointer (); window = gtk_window_new (GTK_WINDOW_TOPLEVEL); gtk_widget_set_name (window, "Test Input"); gtk_widget_set_size_request(window , 300 , 200); gtk_container_set_border_width(GTK_CONTAINER(window) , 2); gtk_window_set_resizable(GTK_WINDOW(window) , FALSE); vbox = gtk_vbox_new (FALSE, 0); gtk_container_add (GTK_CONTAINER (window), vbox); gtk_widget_show (vbox); g_signal_connect (window, "destroy", G_CALLBACK (quit), NULL); /* Create the drawing area */ drawing_area = gtk_drawing_area_new (); gtk_widget_set_size_request (drawing_area, 200, 200); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), drawing_area, TRUE, TRUE, 0); gtk_widget_show (drawing_area); /* Signals used to handle backing pixmap */ g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "expose_event", G_CALLBACK (expose_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "configure_event", G_CALLBACK (configure_event), NULL); /* Event signals */ g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "motion_notify_event", G_CALLBACK (motion_notify_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "button_press_event", G_CALLBACK (button_press_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "key_press_event", G_CALLBACK (key_press_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "leave_notify_event", G_CALLBACK (leave_notify_event), NULL); g_signal_connect (drawing_area, "proximity_out_event", G_CALLBACK (proximity_out_event), NULL); gtk_widget_set_events (drawing_area, GDK_EXPOSURE_MASK | GDK_LEAVE_NOTIFY_MASK | GDK_BUTTON_PRESS_MASK | GDK_KEY_PRESS_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_MASK | GDK_POINTER_MOTION_HINT_MASK | GDK_PROXIMITY_OUT_MASK); /* The following call enables tracking and processing of extension events for the drawing area */ gtk_widget_set_extension_events (drawing_area, GDK_EXTENSION_EVENTS_ALL); GTK_WIDGET_SET_FLAGS (drawing_area, GTK_CAN_FOCUS); gtk_widget_grab_focus (drawing_area); /* .. And create some buttons */ button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Input Dialog"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0); g_signal_connect (button, "clicked", G_CALLBACK (create_input_dialog), NULL); gtk_widget_show (button); button = gtk_button_new_with_label ("Quit"); gtk_box_pack_start (GTK_BOX (vbox), button, FALSE, FALSE, 0); g_signal_connect_swapped (button, "clicked", G_CALLBACK (gtk_widget_destroy), window); gtk_widget_show (button); gtk_widget_show (window); gtk_main (); }
然后用gcc编译生成动态链接库:
$ gcc -shared -fpic -o libGTK.so -I$JAVA_HOME/include -I$JAVA_HOME/include/linux 37_drawingPic3.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0`
最后用java连同动态链接库运行java的包含native方法的类的main函数:
$ java -Djava.library.path=. Demo
大功告成。
整体的编译过程是:
#!/bin/sh javac Demo_03_JButton_JPanel.java javah -jni Demo gcc -shared -fpic -o libGTK.so -I$JAVA_HOME/include -I$JAVA_HOME/include/linux 37_drawingPic3.c `pkg-config --cflags --libs gtk+-2.0` java -Djava.library.path=. Demo