一：数据类型
核心数据类型
复杂数据类型
专用数据类型
二：核心数据类型
1.字符串
text：⽤于全⽂索引，该类型的字段将通过分词器进⾏分词
keyword：不分词，只能搜索该字段的完整的值
2.数值型
long, integer, short, byte, double, float, half_float, scaled_float
3.二进制
该类型的字段把值当做经过 base64 编码的字符串，默认不存储，且不可搜索
4.范围类型
范围类型表示值是⼀个范围，⽽不是⼀个具体的值 integer_range, float_range, long_range, double_range, date_range
譬如 age 的类型是 integer_range，那么值可以是 {"gte" : 20, "lte" : 40}；搜索 "term" : {"age": 21} 可以搜索该值
制造数据，然后添加：
PUT /wba/
{
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"age_range": {
"type": "integer_range"
}
}
}
}
PUT /wba/_doc/1
{
"age_range":{
"gte":10,
"lte":15
}
}
PUT /wba/_doc/2
{
"age_range":{
"gte":15,
"lte":20
}
}
PUT /wba/_doc/3
{
"age_range":{
"gte":20,
"lte":30
}
}
查询：
GET /wba/_search
{
"query": {
"term":{
"age_range":15
}
}
}
效果：
{
"took" : 247,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "wba",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"age_range" : {
"gte" : 10,
"lte" : 15
}
}
},
{
"_index" : "wba",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"age_range" : {
"gte" : 15,
"lte" : 20
}
}
}
]
}
}
5.日期类型
由于Json没有date类型，所以es通过识别字符串是否符合format定义的格式来判断是否 为date类型
format默认为：strict_date_optional_time||epoch_millis
格式 "2022-01-01" "2022/01/01 12:10:30"， 这种字符串格式
从开始纪元（1970年1⽉1⽇0点） 开始的毫秒数
从开始纪元开始的秒数
PUT /cba/
{
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "text"
},
"team_name": {
"type": "text"
},
"position": {
"type": "text"
},
"play_year": {
"type": "long"
},
"jerse_no": {
"type": "keyword"
},
"title": {
"type": "text"
},
"date": {
"type": "date"
}
}
}
}
添加数据
PUT /cba/_doc/1
{
"name": "蔡x坤",
"team_name": "勇⼠",
"position": "得分后卫",
"play_year": 10,
"jerse_no": "31",
"title": "打球最帅的明星",
"date": "2020-01-01"
}
PUT /cba/_doc/2
{
"name": "杨超越",
"team_name": "猴急",
"position": "得分后卫",
"play_year": 10,
"jerse_no": "32",
"title": "打球最可爱的明星",
"date": 1610350870
}
直接查询：
GET /cba/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"date": {
"value": "2020-01-01"
}
}
}
}
结果：
{
"took" : 541,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "cba",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "蔡x坤",
"team_name" : "勇⼠",
"position" : "得分后卫",
"play_year" : 10,
"jerse_no" : "31",
"title" : "打球最帅的明星",
"date" : "2020-01-01"
}
}
]
}
}
三：复杂数据类型
1.数组类型Array
ES中没有专⻔的数组类型, 直接使⽤[]定义即可，
数组中所有的值必须是同⼀种数据类 型, 不⽀持混合数据类型的数组:
字符串数组 [ "one", "two" ] 整数数组 [ 1, 2 ] Object对象数组 [ { "name": "Louis", "age": 18 }, { "name": "Daniel", "age": 17 }]
同⼀个数组只能存同类型的数据，不能混存，譬如 [ 10, "some string" ] 是错误的
2.对象类型Object
对象类型可能有内部对象
{
"name": "吴亦凡",
"team_name": "湖⼈",
"position": "得分后卫",
"play_year": 10,
"jerse_no": "33",
"title": "最会说唱的明星",
"date": "1641886870",
"array": [
"one",
"two"
],
"address": {
"region": "China",
"location": {
"province": "GuangDong",
"city": "GuangZhou"
}
}
}
索引方式：
{
"query": {
"match": {
"address.region": "china"
}
}
}