Flume准实时采集MySQL数据

需求

利用Flume将MySQL表数据准实时抽取到HDFS

-软件版本
Flume：1.9.0
MySQL：5.7

• db_test下面有tb_dept表作为Flume的source：

CREATE TABLE `tb_dept`  (
  `deptno` tinyint(2) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '部门编号',
  `dname` varchar(14) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '部门名称',
  `loc` varchar(13) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '部门地址',
  PRIMARY KEY (`deptno`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT = 5 CHARACTER SET = utf8 COLLATE = utf8_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

INSERT INTO `tb_dept` VALUES (1, 'ACCOUNTING', 'NewYork');
INSERT INTO `tb_dept` VALUES (2, 'RESEARCH', 'Boston');
INSERT INTO `tb_dept` VALUES (3, 'SALES', 'Dallas');
INSERT INTO `tb_dept` VALUES (4, 'OPERATIONS', 'Chicago');

准备工作

第一步：在MySQL的db_test下面创建元数据表flume_meta

CREATE TABLE `flume_meta` (
`source_tab` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
`currentIndex` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (`source_tab`)
);

第二步：在flume根目录下的job文件中创建配置文件flume-mysql.conf

# Name the components on this agent
a1.sources = r1
a1.sinks = k1
a1.channels = c1

# Describe/configure the source
a1.sources.r1.type = com.hc.SQLSource  
a1.sources.r1.connection.url = jdbc:mysql://hcmaster:3306/db_test
a1.sources.r1.connection.user = root  
a1.sources.r1.connection.password = root  
a1.sources.r1.table = tb_dept  
a1.sources.r1.columns.to.select = *  
#a1.sources.r1.incremental.column.name = deptno  
#a1.sources.r1.incremental.value = 0 
a1.sources.r1.run.query.delay=5000

# Describe the sink
a1.sinks.k1.type = logger

# Describe the channel
a1.channels.c1.type = memory
a1.channels.c1.capacity = 1000
a1.channels.c1.transactionCapacity = 100

# Bind the source and sink to the channel
a1.sources.r1.channels = c1
a1.sinks.k1.channel = c1

编写代码

第一步：创建Maven项目

<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.12</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.25</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
    <version>1.7.25</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.45</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.flume</groupId>
    <artifactId>flume-ng-core</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.flume</groupId>
    <artifactId>flume-ng-sdk</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.0</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.flume</groupId>
    <artifactId>flume-ng-configuration</artifactId>
    <version>1.9.0</version>
</dependency>

添加MySQL配置文件、日志配置文件

• mysql.properties

  driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
  url=jdbc:mysql://hcmaster:3306/db_test?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT%2B8&characterEncoding=utf8&useUnicode=true&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true
  user=root
  password=root
  

• log4j.properties

  log4j.rootLogger=info,myconsole,myfile
  log4j.appender.myconsole=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
  log4j.appender.myconsole.layout=org.apache.log4j.SimpleLayout
  #log4j.appender.myconsole.layout.ConversionPattern =%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n
  
  #log4j.rootLogger=error,myfile
  log4j.appender.myfile=org.apache.log4j.DailyRollingFileAppender
  log4j.appender.myfile.File=/tmp/flume.log
  log4j.appender.myfile.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
  log4j.appender.myfile.layout.ConversionPattern =%d [%t] %-5p [%c] - %m%n
  

编写SQLSourceHelper

public class SQLSourceHelper {
    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SQLSourceHelper.class);
    private int runQueryDelay;  //两次查询的时间间隔
    private int startFrom;             //查询语句开始id
    private int currentIndex;             //查询语句当前id，每次查询之前需要查元数据表
    private int recordSixe = 0;       //每次查询返回结果的条数
    private String table;        //要操作的表
    private String columnsToSelect;      //用户传入的查询的列
    private String customQuery;           //用户传入的查询语句
    private String query;               //构建的查询语句
    private String defaultCharsetResultSet;//编码集

    private Context context;    //上下文，用来获取配置文件

    //为定义的变量赋值（默认值），可在flume任务的配置文件中修改
    private static final int DEFAULT_QUERY_DELAY = 10000;
    private static final int DEFAULT_START_VALUE = 0;
    private static final String DEFAULT_COLUMNS_SELECT = "*";
    private static final String DEFAULT_CHARSET_RESULTSET = "UTF-8";
    private static Connection conn = null;
    private static PreparedStatement ps = null;
    private static String connectionURL, connectionUserName, connectionPassword;

    //加载静态资源
    static {
        Properties p = new Properties();
        try {
            p.load(SQLSourceHelper.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("mysql.properties"));
            connectionURL = p.getProperty("url");
            connectionUserName = p.getProperty("user");
            connectionPassword = p.getProperty("password");
            Class.forName(p.getProperty("driver"));
        } catch (IOException | ClassNotFoundException e) {
            LOG.error(e.toString());
        }
    }

    //获取JDBC连接
    private static Connection getConnection(String url, String user, String pw) {
        try {
            Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user, pw);
            if (conn == null) {
                throw new SQLException();
            }
            return conn;
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    //构造方法
    SQLSourceHelper(Context context) throws ParseException {
        //初始化上下文
        this.context = context;
        //有默认值参数：获取flume任务配置文件中的参数，读不到的采用默认值
        this.columnsToSelect = context.getString("columns.to.select", DEFAULT_COLUMNS_SELECT);
        this.runQueryDelay = context.getInteger("run.query.delay", DEFAULT_QUERY_DELAY);
        this.startFrom = context.getInteger("start.from", DEFAULT_START_VALUE);
        this.defaultCharsetResultSet = context.getString("default.charset.resultset", DEFAULT_CHARSET_RESULTSET);
        //无默认值参数：获取flume任务配置文件中的参数
        this.table = context.getString("table");
        this.customQuery = context.getString("custom.query");
        connectionURL = context.getString("connection.url");
        connectionUserName = context.getString("connection.user");
        connectionPassword = context.getString("connection.password");
        conn = getConnection(connectionURL, connectionUserName, connectionPassword);
        //校验相应的配置信息，如果没有默认值的参数也没赋值，抛出异常
        try {
            checkMandatoryProperties();
        } catch (ConfigurationException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        //获取当前的id
        currentIndex = getStatusDBIndex(startFrom);
        //构建查询语句
        query = buildQuery();
    }

    //校验相应的配置信息（表，查询语句以及数据库连接的参数）
    private void checkMandatoryProperties() throws ConfigurationException {
        if (table == null) {
            throw new ConfigurationException("property table not set");
        }
        if (connectionURL == null) {
            throw new ConfigurationException("connection.url property not set");
        }
        if (connectionUserName == null) {
            throw new ConfigurationException("connection.user property not set");
        }
        if (connectionPassword == null) {
            throw new ConfigurationException("connection.password property not set");
        }
    }

    //构建sql语句
    private String buildQuery() {
        String sql = "";
        //获取当前id
        currentIndex = getStatusDBIndex(startFrom);
        LOG.info(currentIndex + "");
        if (customQuery == null) {
            sql = "SELECT " + columnsToSelect + " FROM " + table;
        } else {
            sql = customQuery;
        }
        StringBuilder execSql = new StringBuilder(sql);
        //以id作为offset
        if (!sql.contains("where")) {
            execSql.append(" where ");
            execSql.append("deptno").append(">").append(currentIndex);
            return execSql.toString();
        } else {
            int length = execSql.toString().length();
            return execSql.toString().substring(0, length - String.valueOf(currentIndex).length()) + currentIndex;
        }
    }

    //执行查询
    List<List<Object>> executeQuery() {
        try {
            //每次执行查询时都要重新生成sql，因为id不同
            customQuery = buildQuery();
            //存放结果的集合
            List<List<Object>> results = new ArrayList<>();
            if (ps == null) {
                //
                ps = conn.prepareStatement(customQuery);
            }
            ResultSet result = ps.executeQuery(customQuery);
            while (result.next()) {
                //存放一条数据的集合（多个列）
                List<Object> row = new ArrayList<>();
                //将返回结果放入集合
                for (int i = 1; i <= result.getMetaData().getColumnCount(); i++) {
                    row.add(result.getObject(i));
                }
                results.add(row);
            }
            LOG.info("execSql:" + customQuery + "\nresultSize:" + results.size());
            return results;
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            LOG.error(e.toString());
            // 重新连接
            conn = getConnection(connectionURL, connectionUserName, connectionPassword);
        }
        return null;
    }

    //将结果集转化为字符串，每一条数据是一个list集合，将每一个小的list集合转化为字符串
    List<String> getAllRows(List<List<Object>> queryResult) {
        List<String> allRows = new ArrayList<>();
        if (queryResult == null || queryResult.isEmpty()) {
            return allRows;
        }
        StringBuilder row = new StringBuilder();
        for (List<Object> rawRow : queryResult) {
            Object value = null;
            for (Object aRawRow : rawRow) {
                value = aRawRow;
                if (value == null) {
                    row.append(",");
                } else {
                    row.append(aRawRow.toString()).append(",");
                }
            }
            allRows.add(row.toString());
            row = new StringBuilder();
        }
        return allRows;
    }

    //更新offset元数据状态，每次返回结果集后调用。必须记录每次查询的offset值，为程序中断续跑数据时使用，以id为offset
    void updateOffset2DB(int size) {
        //以source_tab做为KEY，如果不存在则插入，存在则更新（每个源表对应一条记录）
        String sql = "insert into flume_meta(source_tab,currentIndex) VALUES('"
                + this.table
                + "','" + (recordSixe += size)
                + "') on DUPLICATE key update source_tab=values(source_tab),currentIndex=values(currentIndex)";
        LOG.info("updateStatus Sql:" + sql);
        execSql(sql);
    }

    //执行sql语句
    private void execSql(String sql) {
        try {
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            LOG.info("exec::" + sql);
            ps.execute();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    //获取元数据表中当前id的offset
    private Integer getStatusDBIndex(int startFrom) {
        //从flume_meta表中查询出当前的id是多少
        String dbIndex = queryOne("select currentIndex from flume_meta where source_tab='" + table + "'");
        if (dbIndex != null) {
            return Integer.parseInt(dbIndex);
        }
        //如果没有数据，则说明是第一次查询或者数据表中还没有存入数据，返回最初传入的值
        return startFrom;
    }

    //查询一条数据的执行语句(当前id)
    private String queryOne(String sql) {
        ResultSet result = null;
        try {
            ps = conn.prepareStatement(sql);
            result = ps.executeQuery();
            while (result.next()) {
                return result.getString(1);
            }
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
    }

    //关闭相关资源
    void close() {
        try {
            ps.close();
            conn.close();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    int getCurrentIndex() {
        return currentIndex;
    }

    void setCurrentIndex(int newValue) {
        currentIndex = newValue;
    }

    int getRunQueryDelay() {
        return runQueryDelay;
    }

    String getQuery() {
        return query;
    }

    String getConnectionURL() {
        return connectionURL;
    }

    private boolean isCustomQuerySet() {
        return (customQuery != null);
    }

    Context getContext() {
        return context;
    }

    public String getConnectionUserName() {
        return connectionUserName;
    }

    public String getConnectionPassword() {
        return connectionPassword;
    }

    String getDefaultCharsetResultSet() {
        return defaultCharsetResultSet;
    }
}

5.4.4 MySQLSource

public class SQLSource extends AbstractSource implements Configurable, PollableSource {
    //打印日志
    private static final Logger LOG = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SQLSource.class);
    //定义sqlHelper
    private SQLSourceHelper sqlSourceHelper;
    @Override
    public long getBackOffSleepIncrement() {
        return 0;
    }
    @Override
    public long getMaxBackOffSleepInterval() {
        return 0;
    }
    @Override
    public void configure(Context context) {
        try {
            //初始化
            sqlSourceHelper = new SQLSourceHelper(context);
        } catch (ParseException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    @Override
    public Status process() throws EventDeliveryException {
        try {
            //查询数据表
            List<List<Object>> result = sqlSourceHelper.executeQuery();
            //存放event的集合
            List<Event> events = new ArrayList<>();
            //存放event头集合
            HashMap<String, String> header = new HashMap<>();
            //如果有返回数据，则将数据封装为event
            if (!result.isEmpty()) {
                List<String> allRows = sqlSourceHelper.getAllRows(result);
                Event event = null;
                for (String row : allRows) {
                    event = new SimpleEvent();
                    event.setBody(row.getBytes());
                    event.setHeaders(header);
                    events.add(event);
                }
                //将event写入channel
                this.getChannelProcessor().processEventBatch(events);
                //更新数据表中的offset信息
                sqlSourceHelper.updateOffset2DB(result.size());
            }
            //等待时长
            Thread.sleep(sqlSourceHelper.getRunQueryDelay());
            return Status.READY;
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            LOG.error("Error procesing row", e);
            return Status.BACKOFF;
        }
    }
    @Override
    public synchronized void stop() {
        LOG.info("Stopping sql source {} ...", getName());
        try {
            //关闭资源
            sqlSourceHelper.close();
        } finally {
            super.stop();
        }
    }
}

运行测试

第一步：项目打包上传到flume的lib目录中

第二步：执行jar文件

第三步：查看结果

接下来不停地轮循查看select * from tb_dept where deptno>4

查看slume_meta元数据表：

往tb_dept表中插入一条数据：

再次查看slume_meta元数据表：