First, the term & title
CEO: Chief Executive Officer "CEO"
CTO: Chief Technology Officer 'Chief Technology Officer. "
COO: Chief Operations Officer "Chief Operating Officer"
PM: Product Manager "product manager" or Project Manager "project manager"
OD: Operations Director "Director of Operations"
OP: Operations "Technical operation and maintenance."
HE: Hardware Engineer "Hardware Engineer"
FE: Front End Engineer "front-end engineers"
R & D: Research and Development engineer "R & D engineers."
DBA: Database Administrator "Database Administrator"
QA: QA Engineer "Test Engineer"
Second, the document term
MRD: Market Requirements Document market requirements document, a common analysis of competing products, generally used for the project, based on current market data and competing products and other items were proposed, generally used for the proposal.
PRD: Product Requirement Document Product Requirements Document, the general is a realization of the process, more detailed. Some companies are agile development requires a lot of time will be more intuitive display directly above the map by a comment in prototype mode.
PMD: Program Managment Document project management documentation, including general project schedule, project resources, responsibility and project output was routine by visio be drawn Gantt chart management. The document generally throughout the whole project, measure project progress.
BRD: Business Requirement Document business requirements documents, product demand contents of the document (report) or the value of the business objectives described based. Its core purpose is for the product before R & D by business executives as an important basis for decision-making assessment. That involve a market analysis, sales strategies, profit forecast, usually for presentations to discuss the decision-making level, tend to be more short and streamlined, not product details.
DRD: DesignRequirementDrawing interaction design documents, general instructions for carrying interactive and delivered to the front end of the document, test and development engineers references.
FSD: Functional Specifications Document function in detail, all the details of the product definition of functional requirements. FSD typically defined by a product specification sheets of screenshots and a section of function points. This is a direct product allows engineers to create the document.
PSD: Product SpecificationsDocument product specification documents, PSD is a less popular acronym, but in institutions such a document, functional specifications documents (FSD) which is substantially the same as described above.
SRS: Software RequirementsSpecification software requirements document, software requirements document (SRS) is another less popular acronym in the organization to create the SRS, which PRD or FSD in content and details described above and some imagination.
Description: BRD, and usually more frequent use PRD, DRD / FSD / SRS may be described generally in the PRD, there is a difference of different Internet companies.
Third, the operational term
AARRR model: Acquisition, Activation, Retention, Revenue, Refer acronym five words, which correspond to a life cycle of five important aspects of mobile applications. They are: users get improved activity, improve retention, generate revenue, self-propagating.
RFM user model: R (Recency) represents the last customer to buy time how far, F (Frequency) represents the number of customer purchases in the most recent period, M (Monetary) represents the amount that the customer purchases in the most recent period.
Subscriber growth S-curve, J-shaped curve: refers to the majority of products in the product development cycle, growth will follow the S-shaped curve; but some products may produce J-curve.
User pyramid model: the first level is the management of the community. The second stage is the user management tool. The third stage is a valuable user base is active in the community inside enough, and those who contribute a significant value to your community. Fourth grade general user.
OMTM: One metric that matters Polaris indicators refer only important indicator.
Fourth, the interaction term
UI: User Interface, UI, refers to operation of the user interface, UI design style refers mainly, aesthetic appearance of the interface.
NUI: Natural User Interface natural user interface, NUI only need people with the most natural form of communication (such as language and text) to interact with the machine, does not require the use of NUI computer keyboard or mouse.
GUI: Graphical User Interface The graphical user interface, the computer means operating the user interface using the graphical display.
HUI: Handset User Interface handheld user interface
WUI: Web User Interface Web User Interface.
UE or UX: User Experience user experience refers to the user experience centered design.
UED: user experience design user experience design, refers to a means of user-centered design to user needs as the goal of the design is carried out.
UCD: User Centered Design user-centered design, the design process to the user experience as the center of design decisions, emphasizing the priority of the user design patterns.
HMI: Human Machine Interface HMI, HMI is a medium of communication and information exchange between system and user, it implements the internal form of information and human transition between forms can be accepted.
CLI: Command-line Interface command line interface, which typically do not support a mouse, the user inputs an instruction via the keyboard, the computer receives the instruction, to be executed.
UIMS: User Interface Management System User Interface Management System
DSC: Decision Support Center Decision Support Center to support group decision-making as the core, to provide technical support for the decision of the whole process.
CHI: computer-human interaction human-computer interaction
HCI: human computer interaction human-computer interaction
Fifth, technical terms
API: Application Programming Interface Application Programming Interface, some functions are pre-defined in order to provide application developers with a set of routines based on the ability of a software or hardware to access, but without having to access the source code, or inner workings of details.
HTML: HyperText Markup Language nature of HTML, the web page is hypertext markup language, by using other Web technologies can create powerful web page.
UML: Unified Modeling Language Unified Modeling Language / standard modeling language, which is supported by a graphical modeling language and software system development, modeling and visualization to provide support for all stages of software development, including analysis of requirements to specifications, the construction and configuration.
CSS: Cascading Style Sheets Cascading Style Sheets, used to represent an HTML (an application of Standard Generalized Markup Language) or XML (a subset of the Standard Generalized Markup Language) and other documents style computer language. CSS can not be statically modified pages, with a variety of scripting languages can also be dynamically formatted for each element on the page.
JS: JavaScript scripting language one kind of literal, is a dynamically typed, weakly typed, prototype-based language, built-in support types.
PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor Hypertext Preprocessor, is a versatile open source scripting language. Syntax absorbed the C language, Java, and Perl features conducive to learning, widely used, mainly for Web development.
JAVA: an object-oriented programming language, not only absorbed the various advantages of the C ++ language, but also abandoned the concept difficult to understand in C ++ multiple inheritance, pointers, etc., so the Java language has a powerful and easy to use two features.
MVC model: Model View Controller, the model (model) - view (view) - Abbreviation controller (Controller), and a software design model, with a service logic, data, interface display method of separating an organization code, traffic gathered inside a logic means, while improving and customization interfaces and user interaction does not need to rewrite the business logic.
SDK: Software Development Kit Software Development Kit, are generally a number of software engineers to develop a set of tools when a particular software package, software framework, hardware platform, operating system, application software build.
RSS: Really Simple Syndication Really Simple Syndication, is a format and synchronize website content description, after publishing an RSS file, the information contained in the RSS Feed will be able to directly call the other sites.
Feed: RSS in the interface to receive the updated source of information, hope to meet in order to get some form of sustained demand and export format standard of information provided by their own updates.
URL: Uniform Resoure Locator Uniform Resource Locator, to one location and access methods can be obtained from the Internet resources represent simple.
UAT: User Acceptance Test user acceptance testing, the product is generally carried out by customer service and other operational UI round of testing.
CMS: Content Management System Content Management System, is a front-end located WEB (Web server) and back-office system or process (content creation, editing) software system between. Content creators, editors, publishers to use content management system to submit, modify, approve, publish content.
Sixth, the data index
1, PV (Page View) page views
The total number refers to a certain period of time to visit a website or a page of a user, usually used to measure brought by an article or an event flow effect, but also evaluate an important indicator of the daily website traffic data. Cumulative PV can be repeated to users visit the Web site as a statistical basis, refreshed every user that is recalculated.
2, UV (Unique Visitor) independently of visitors
Refers to the total number of users come to the site or page, the user is independent, the same users visit the site at different times only counted as a unique visitor, will not repeat accumulated, usually the number of Cookie PC end as a statistical basis.
3, Visit access
Refers to the user came to the site through external links from the user came to the site the user closes the page in a browser, a process that counted as one visit.
Visit repeatable accumulated, for example, I open a Web site and shut down, re-open, which is counted as two visits.
4, Bounce Rate Bounce Rate
Refers to the user came to the site through a link on the current page without any interaction behavior to leave the site, which counted this page adds a "jump" bounce rate generally directed to a page in terms of the site.
Bounce Rate = the number of users of this page out / PV
7, exit rate
For the general terms of a page. After a user accesses a page of a website refers to all relevant pages from the browser and this site all closed, even if this page adds an "Exit."
Exit Exit rate = the number of users in this page / PV
8, Click Click
General for paid advertising, it means the user clicks on a link, the page, the number of banner, repeatable cumulative. For example, I see on the PC side a news link on off point into the moment, the point after a while looked into it again, even if I click on it to contribute twice this news.
9, the average stay for a long time avr.time
It refers to a page accessed by the user, when the page length of the average stay, normally used to measure the quality of a page's content.
avr.time = the number of visitors / users always stay long
10, CTR CTR
Refers to the ratio of an ad, Banner, URL is the number of clicks and the total number was viewed. Drainage is generally used to assess the effect of advertising.
CTR = Clicks (click) / is the number of times users see
11, Conversion rate conversion rate
Refers to the percentage of times the user has completed and the total number of links into the session setting, typically used to evaluate the link quality of a conversion, the conversion rate is low if an urgent need to optimize the conversion link.
Conversion rate = Number of sessions conversion / Total number of sessions
12, funnel
Usually refers to the production process before a clear goal conversion, such as Taobao, click the link to view the product details page, and then to see the customer rating, businesses receive coupons, and then to fill in the address, payment, every link possible loss of customers This requires businesses must do every aspect of the conversion, the conversion funnel is part of the evaluation of the merits of indicators.
13, return on investment (ROI: Return On Investment)
Reflects the relationship between inputs and outputs, I measure this investment is worthwhile, something I give much value to the (non-profit alone), this is standing investment point of view or the point of view of long-term business.
The formula is: return on investment (ROI) = annual profit or annual profit / total investment × 100%, typically used to assess the value of an enterprise activity, ROI Gao said the high value of the project.
14, repeat purchase rate
It refers to the number of repetitions to buy consumer website.
15, Referrer referral traffic
Usually refers to guide the user to the URL of the target page (hyperlinks). In Baidu statistics, referral traffic called "external links."
16, the loss analysis (Churn Analysis / Attrition Analysis)
Describe which customers may stop using the company's products / services, and to identify which customers will churn greatest losses. The results of the analysis for the loss of preparing new offers for customers likely to churn.
17, customer segmentation & portrait (Customer Segmentation & Profiling)
According to the existing customer data, the customer characteristics, behavior similar to classify packets. Description and comparison of each group.
18, the lifetime value of customers (Lifetime Value, LTV)
The customer in his / her life as a company is expected to generate profits of conversion.
19, shopping basket analysis (Market Basket Analysis)
Identification of goods or services are combined in a combination of transactions often occur simultaneously, for example, they are often purchased together with the product. The results of such analysis is recommended for additional commodities, provide a basis for decision-making display of goods and so on.
20, real-time decision making (Real Time Decisioning, RTD)
To help companies make real-time (almost no delay) the optimal sales / marketing decisions. For example, real-time decision-making system (scoring system) can, at the moment of customer interaction with the company, customers were scored and ranked by a variety of business rules or models.
21, retained / customer retention (Retention / Customer Retention)
After establishing the percentage able to maintain long-term customer relationships.
22, social network analysis (Social Network Analysis, SNA)
Depicts a flow and measuring the relationship between people, the groups, organizations and agencies, computer and computer, URL and the URL, and other types of information connected / knowledge entity. Such person or group of nodes in the network, and the connection between them shows a relationship or flow. SNA provides a method for the analysis of human relations, is both a mathematical and visual.
23, survival analysis (Survival Analysis)
Estimate a customer to continue to use a certain service time, or the possibility of a subsequent period of loss. Such information allows companies to determine the period to predict customer retention, loyalty and the introduction of appropriate policies.
other:
DAU: Daily Active User daily active users, statistics day (statistics day) within, the number of users log on or use of a product (remove duplicate user login).
WAU: Weekly Active Users within seven days landed on the number of users of the product. Within (Statistics Day) statistics within a week, the number of users log on or use of a product (remove duplicate user login).
MAU: Monthly Active User monthly active users, statistics (Statistics Day) within one month, the number of users log on or use of a product (remove duplicate user login).
DOU: Day Old User day old player user, indicate the day of the old players log in the game, referring to the day the new non-users.
DNU: Day New User day new users, new users represent the day.
ACU: Average concurrent users average number of concurrent users.
PCU: the maximum number of concurrent users Peak concurrent users.
ARPU: Average Revenue Per User Average revenue per active user. Conversion: a user clicks on the page, the number is expected to produce a particular behavior, accounting for more than the total.
ARPPU: Average Revenue Per Paying User average revenue per paying customers. Statistical period, the average income of the paying customers of products produced.
CAC: Customer Acquisition Cost user acquisition costs, the cost of acquiring the user takes.
KPI: Key Performance Indicator KPI, is one of the ways of Enterprise Performance Assessment.
Seven, advertising billing model term
CPC: Cost Per Click cost per click, cost-per-click online advertising, pricing is the most common form of online advertising industry.
CPS: Cost Per Sales per sales costs to the number of actual sales of products to calculate the cost of the ad, this ad for more class shopping, shopping guide class, site navigation class website requires precise flow can lead to a conversion.
CPT: long or cycle billing, you can put an end to Cost Per Time when time costs, the characteristics of this approach is the use by the user fundamentally brush flow, activation of cheating, it is the most realistic one effective way of marketing.
CPA: Cost Per Action by event cost, this means pricing advertising according to the actual results, i.e. according to predefined conversion goal to billing, but are not limited amount of advertising.
CPM: Cost Per Mille cost per thousand, ie Cost per thousand impressions Cost Per Thousand Impression; advertiser for its ad show 1000 as a fee.
CPR: Cost Per Response cost per response, a response to each charge viewers, which fully reflects the advertising online advertising billing, "a timely response, direct interaction and accurate record" feature, but this is only a secondary sales kind of formula.
Eight, industry terms
IP: Internet Protocol network interconnection between protocols, it can be connected to the Internet all computer networks communicate with each other to achieve a set of rules, the provisions of the rules computers to communicate over the Internet to be followed.
NFC: Near Field Communication NFC technology, a high-frequency short-range radio technology, can be identified with a compatible device and data exchange over short distances.
SEM: Search Engine Marketing Search Engine Marketing. It is a form of Internet marketing, is comprehensive and effective use of search engines for online marketing and promotion.
SEO: Search Engine Optimization SEO. Use search rules to improve search engine rankings show.
ASO: App Store Optimizatio App Store search. It refers to the promotion process in all kinds of APP Apple APP electronics market rankings and search results ranking.
UGC: User Generated Content user-generated content, users will own original content on the Internet presents to others.
PGC: Professionally-generated Content specializing in the production of content, or content platform refers to the production of professional experts.
OGC: Occupationally-generated Content professional production of content, video, news and other sites in order to provide content for the profession, such as: reporter, columnist and so on.
KOL: Key Opinion Leader key opinion leaders, key opinion leaders are usually authority within a particular industry or field, for the relevant groups to accept or trust, and the group has a greater influence on people.
P2P: Person To Person internet banking peer lending platform. Also known as peer to peer network loan is a small amount of money will come together to lend to a kind of folk microlending model has funding needs of the population.
VC: Venture Capital venture capital, mostly venture capital.
BP: Business Plan business plan, company, business or project units in order to achieve the investment financing and other development goals, according to a certain format and content requirements and edited a comprehensive display of company and project the current situation to the audience, the future development potential written material.
VR: Virtual Reality virtual reality, computer graphics system utilization and realities, and control interface device, on a computer-generated, three-dimensional interactive environments provide immersive sensory technology.
AR: Augmented Reality augmented reality, it is a kind of real-world information and virtual information world "seamless" integration of new technologies. The real environment and virtual objects in real time superimposed on the same screen or space exist.
MR: Mediated Reality mediated reality, VR is a pure virtual digital images, including AR, including the Mixed Reality virtual reality digital screen + naked eye, MR is a digital virtual reality + digital screen.
LBS: Location Based Service, which is (, CDMA networks such as GSM network) or external positioning mode (such as GPS) to obtain location information of a mobile end-user (the geographical coordinates of location-based services by mobile telecom operator's radio communications network, or the earth coordinates), with the support of geographic information system platform to provide users with the corresponding services of a value-added service.
SOHO: Small Office Home Office Home Office, is a new economy, a new concept, refers to the freedom, flexibility and new ways of living and working.
SNS: Social Networking Services social networking services. Refers to the network of relationships between individuals, based on this idea of social networking site system is social networking sites (SNS site).
BBS: Bulletin Board System electronic bulletin boards, running on the computer server software that allows users to use the terminal program to connect through the Internet, downloading data or program execution, uploading data, reading news, and other users to exchange messages and other functions.
TMT: Technology, Media, Telecom digital new media, TMT is the abbreviation of the telecommunications, media and technology three English words the first word of the first, together, the actual future of telecommunications, media, science and technology (the Internet), including information technology such a large background produced by the fusion trend, this is the TMT industry.
IAAS: Infrastructure-as-a-Service infrastructure as a service, consumers can get service from a good computer infrastructure over the Internet. Such service is called Infrastructure as a Service.
PAAS: Platform-as-a-Service platform as a service business model to server platforms as a service to offer.
SAAS: Software-as-a-Service software as a service, an Internet model by providing software, application software vendors to the unified arrangements on your own server, customers can choose according to their actual needs, to order the required application to the vendor via the Internet software services, and the length of time how much to pay to the vendor by the ordered service, and access to services provided by vendors through the Internet.
ASP: Application Service provider application service provider, to build applications by the operating system platform, and then rented out to different users. For users, based on "monthly" instead of "buy."
CRM: Customer Relationship Management Customer Relationship Management, refers to the process of analyzing sales, marketing, customer service and computer applications and other software systems automation
ERP: Enterprise Resource Planning enterprise resource planning, enterprise resource planning is built on the basis of information technology to systematic management thinking, decision-running means and staff for business decision management platform.
ACG: English Animation, Comic, Game acronym, is a generic term animation, comics, games.
B2B: Business to Business-to-business e-commerce companies, such as Alibaba.
B2C: Business to Customer business e-commerce on the individual, such as Jingdong.
C2C: Customer to Customer person to person e-commerce, such as Taobao.
O2O: Online to Offline on the line online, offline and online business promotion combined.
GA: Google is a website provided by the traffic statistics service. After just a short JavaScript code into the GA provided in the page to be observed, each time you run this page, which will send such as: the country in which the viewer through what keywords into the page and other relevant data to the GA server, and integrated into readable information to the webmaster.
The second element: the usage began in Japan, the early Japanese animation, game works are based on two-dimensional image constituted, the picture is a plane, known as the "Dual World", referred to as "second element", with the the opposite of "three-dimensional", that "we are present in this dimension" that is the real world.
Sharing Economy: generally refers to obtain certain rewards as the main purpose, based on the presence of strangers and a new economic model right to use the temporary transfer of goods.
Consumption upgrade: generally refers to the upgrade of consumption structure is upgrading and improving the level of various types of consumer spending in the total consumption expenditure, which directly reflects the level of consumption and trends.
New Retail: the future of e-commerce platform is about to disappear, and logistics combine online and offline, will produce a new retail. Online means cloud platform, the next line is the sale of a store or manufacturer, the new logistics eliminate inventory, reduce store shipments. (E-commerce platform refers to the disappearance of the existing business platform disperse, everyone has their own electronic business platform)
Nine, the concept of term
Matthew: Matthew Effect refers to the strong stronger and the weak weaker, the better the good, the bad worse and worse, much more, the less and less of a phenomenon, widely used in social psychology, education, finance and science and many other fields.
Herding: that people often suffer most people affected, so as to follow the thinking or behavior of the public, also known as the "bandwagon effect." People will follow the public agreed, the default deny their own opinions, and not subjective in the sense of an event thinking. Herding is resorting to falsehood mass base.
Hawthorne effect: refers to those individuals realize that they are being observed by others have a tendency to change their behavior.
Viral marketing: from the English vocabulary viralmarketing. Commonly used in website promotion, brand promotion. The user is using the principle of word of mouth on the Internet, this "word of mouth" is more convenient, you can as quickly spread like a virus, so the viral marketing has become an efficient information dissemination, and, because of this communication is between the user spontaneous, so almost do not need the cost of network marketing.
Catfish effect: catfish while agitating the fish living environment, but also the ability to activate the survival of fish. Catfish effect is to take a means or measures to stimulate some companies alive into the market and actively participate in the competition, thereby activating the same industries and enterprises in the market. Its essence is a negative incentive, the activation of the mysteries of the workforce.
Boiling water theory: After boiling the water, looking hot, but does not increase the total amount of water, but also heating costs, in order to maintain a seemingly hot activity, you need to keep Tian Chai, plus the fire, these heating costly, and the resulting heat can not add additional water, then boiled it should do it. On the network, many people do anything to pursue "liveness" of users, without considering activity in the end be able to bring any benefits. When we see a group of people active is a beautiful digital, you should go to see active behind everyone in the end what it means to value.
Long Tail: the rise of a new Internet age theory, due to the cost and efficiency factors, when commodity storage circulation show venues and channels wide enough, the sharp decline in commodity production costs so that individuals can be produced, and the cost of goods sold when drastically reduced, almost any previous seemingly low demand products, as long as there is to sell, someone will buy it. These requirements and high product sales are not occupied by the common market, the mainstream products in the market and can be compared to share even more.
Survivor bias: refutation is a common logical fallacy ( "fallacy" instead of "bias"), this was refuted fallacies it refers only see the results generated through some sort of screening, without realizing screening process, thus ignoring the critical information is filtered out. This thing has a lot of aliases, such as "silent data", "Dead men do not talk" and so on.
Murphy's Law: If there are two or more ways to do something, of which a selection method will lead to disaster, it will be those who will make that choice.
Moore's Law: When the price unchanged, the number of components on an integrated circuit that can be accommodated, and about every 18 to 24 months will be doubled, the performance will also be doubled. In other words, every dollar can buy computer performance will double every 18-24 months or more. This law reveals the speed of advances in information technology.
Content Reference:
link: https: //www.jianshu.com/p/80c32ddfdc34
[respect of intellectual property rights, citing remember accompanying description link]