Go https://www.cnblogs.com/hailun1987/p/9005386.html
This section is to talk:
oracle11g foundation environment configuration
Three installation database (graphics, silence, cloning)
http://db-engines.com
REDHAT6.5 installation oracle11.2.4
ORACLE11G R2 file official website:
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/install.112/e24326/toc.htm#BHCGGJAB
1 operating system
[root@xuegod41 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.8 (Final)
[root@xuegod41 ~]# uname -m
x86_64
Install a graphical interface
yum -y groupinstall "X Window System" "Chinese Support" "Desktop"
Set boot automatically into the graphical interface
[root@xuegod41 ~]# vim /etc/inittab
The last line id: 3: initdefault: amended as follows:
id:5:initdefault:
First pre-checked before installation 2
1.1 Memory
Oracle official recommended swap set the standard:
For the operating system running ORACLE database, ORACLE official recommendation is to set the size of this to extract from the official documentation ORACLE 11g R2 recommended size as an example:
(1) ORACLE official requires a minimum 1GB of RAM, 2GB or more recommended
(2) the size of the RAM and the arrangement relationship SWAP
1), RAM is when 1-2GB, SWAP recommended size 1.5 times the size of RAM
2), RAM is 2-16GB, SWAP recommended size equal to the size of RAM
3), when the RAM is larger than 16GB, the SWAP recommended size of 16GB
Memory size View command:
[Root @ xuegod41 ~] # grep MemTotal / proc / meminfo # view of physical memory
MemTotal: 3908524 kB
[Root @ xuegod41 ~] # grep SwapTotal / proc / meminfo # view swap swap memory
SwapTotal: 2047996 kB
[root@xuegod41 ~]# free
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 3908524 211396 3697128 160 12848 81240
-/+ buffers/cache: 117308 3791216
Swap: 2047996 0 2047996
[root@xuegod41 ~]# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 3816 206 3610 0 12 79
-/+ buffers/cache: 114 3702
Swap: 1999 0 1999
swap roles:
When the system's physical memory is not enough, you need to be part of the physical memory space is released, temporarily transferred to the SWAP, for the currently running program to provide physical memory space, when the program need to access is transferred to the SWAP space data, and then recovered from the physical memory SWAP. Since then, the principle is not hard to see, SWAP to have, but try not to use, use the memory swap occurs, will inevitably affect the system performance
2.1 hard disk size
Check the local hard disk size
[root@xuegod41 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda3 47G 1.6G 43G 4% /
tmpfs 1.9G 0 1.9G 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sda1 477M 39M 413M 9% /boot
Local / tmp directory space of not less than 400M
3 detection software environment
3.1 oracle installation environment required dependencies
YUM configured source
See which installation package is not installed, then install YUM
rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' binutils \
compat-libcap1 \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-devel \
ksh \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
make \
sysstat
[root@xuegod41 ~]# rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' binutils \
> compat-libcap1 \
> compat-libstdc++-33 \
> gcc \
> gcc-c++ \
> glibc \
> glibc-devel \
> ksh \
> libgcc \
> libstdc++ \
> libstdc++-devel \
> libaio \
> libaio-devel \
> make \
> sysstat
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.44.el6 (x86_64)
compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)
gcc-4.4.7-17.el6 (x86_64)
gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-2.12-1.192.el6 (x86_64)
glibc-2.12-1.192.el6 (i686)
glibc-devel-2.12-1.192.el6 (x86_64)
package ksh is not installed
libgcc-4.4.7-17.el6 (x86_64)
libgcc-4.4.7-17.el6 (i686)
libstdc++-4.4.7-17.el6 (x86_64)
libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-17.el6 (x86_64)
libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)
package libaio-devel is not installed
make-3.81-23.el6 (x86_64)
sysstat-9.0.4-31.el6 (x86_64)
[root@xuegod41 ~]# yum install -y ksh libaio-devel
Correspondence between 4.1 set the hostname, modify / etc / hosts, set the host name and Ip
[root@xuegod41 ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.10.41 xuegod41 xuegod41.cn
[root@xuegod41 ~]# hostname
xuegod41.cn
5.1 Create oracle user uid is 500, dba group gid of 501, oracle main user group dba, and then activate the user
OINSTALL user group (the oinstall)
oinstall group is one of the recommended OS Oracle User Group was created, it is recommended to create the oinstall group before the system is first installed oracle software product, in theory, should have the oinstall group oracle software catalog (for example, $ CRS_HOME and $ ORACLE_HOME) and oracle Inventory information catalog warehouse, oracle Inventory directory information recorded on the recording system installed oracle products
OSDBA user group (dba)
osdba is a system dba user group (dba) must be created, if not the user group we will be unable to install the database software and task execution management database.
OSOPER User Group (Oper)
osoper is an additional user group (oper), we can choose not to create the user group, created to meet the user group allows the user to exercise some os database administrative privileges (including the SYSOPER role privileges) purposes. Note SYSOPER privileges, including startup and shutdown, so be careful to add that the members of the user group
[root@xuegod41 ~]# groupadd -g 500 oinstall
[root@xuegod41 ~]# groupadd -g 501 dba
[root@xuegod41 ~]# groupadd -g 502 oper
[root@xuegod41 ~]# useradd -u 500 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@xuegod41 ~]# id oracle
uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),502(oper)
[root@xuegod41 ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Changing the password for the user oracle.
New Password:
Invalid Password: It is based on dictionary words
Invalid Password: too simple
Re-enter the new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens have been successfully updated.
ORACLE users log in with it, activate this user
Owner, group, and permission to create ORACLE installation directory and user data storage directory, and set directory
[root@xuegod41 ~]# mkdir -p /server/oracle
[root@xuegod41 ~]# mkdir -p /server/oradata
[root@xuegod41 ~]# mkdir -p /server/oracle/oraInventory
[root@xuegod41 ~]# chown -R oracle:dba /server/ora*
[root@xuegod41 ~]# chmod -R 775 /server/ora*
[root@xuegod41 ~]# ll /server
total 8
drwxrwxr-x 3 oracle dba 4096 Aug 22 07:20 oracle
drwxrwxr-x 2 oracle dba 4096 Aug 22 07:19 oradata
6.1 修改内核参数(服务器内存为2G的情况下)
[root@xuegod41 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
kernel.shmall = 2097152
参数说明：
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
//表示同时可以拥有的异步IO请求数目，推荐值是1024个K，也就是1024*1024=1048576字节
fs.file-max = 6815744
//系统中可以同时打开的文件数目，计算公式：为512 乘以 processes (如128个process则为 65536)，官方建议最少6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
//该参数控制可以使用的共享内存的总页数，（页面大小查看：getconf PAGE_SIZE）,如内存超过16G则shmmax/4(kb)，官方建议最少值为2097152
kernel.shmmax = 1073741824
//计算公式:1G*1024*1024*1024=1073741824 (字节)
//是核心参数中最重要的参数之一，用于定义单个共享内存段的最大值。设置应该足够大，能在一个共享内存段下容纳下整个的SGA ,设置的过低可能会导致需要创建多个共享内存段，这样可能导致系统性能的下降。至于导致系统下降的主要原因为在实例启动以及ServerProcess创建的时候，多个小的共享内存段可能会导致当时轻微的系统性能的降低(在启动的时候需要去创建多个虚拟地址段，在进程创建的时候要让进程对多个段进行“识别”，会有一些影响)，但是其他时候都不会有影响。
官方建议值：
32位linux系统：可取最大值为4GB（4294967296bytes）-1byte，即4294967295。建议值为多于内存的一半，所以如果是32位系统，一般可取值为4294967295。32位系统对SGA大小有限制，所以SGA肯定可以包含在单个共享内存段中。
64位linux系统：可取的最大值为物理内存值-1byte，建议值为多于物理内存的一半，一般取值大于SGA_MAX_SIZE即可，可以取物理内存-1byte。例如，如果为12GB物理内存，可取12*1024*1024*1024-1=12884901887，SGA肯定会包含在单个共享内存段中
kernel.shmmni = 4096
//表示最小共享内存固定4096KB(最小值)
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
//表示设置的信号量，它有4个参数依次是【SEMMSL：每个用户拥有信号量最大数；SEMMNS：系统信号量最大数；SEMOPM：每次semopm系统调用操作数；SEMMNI：系统辛苦量集数最大数。这4个参数为固定内容大小】
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
//专用服务器模式下与用户进程通信时分配给用户的端口区间
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
//上面两个参数表示内核套接字接收缓存区默认的大小
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
//上面两个参数表示内核套接字接收缓存区默认的最大大小
设置完成后让它生效
[root@xuegod41 ~]# sysctl -p
7.1 检查软件安装用户的资源限制
[root@xuegod41 ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
# - nproc - max number of processes
# - as - address space limit (KB)
# - maxlogins - max number of logins for this user
# - maxsyslogins - max number of logins on the system
# - priority - the priority to run user process with
# - locks - max number of file locks the user can hold
# - sigpending - max number of pending signals
# - msgqueue - max memory used by POSIX message queues (bytes)
# - nice - max nice priority allowed to raise to values: [-20, 19]
# - rtprio - max realtime priority
#
#<domain> <type> <item> <value>
#
#* soft core 0
#* hard rss 10000
#@student hard nproc 20
#@faculty soft nproc 20
#@faculty hard nproc 50
#ftp hard nproc 0
#@student - maxlogins 4
# End of file
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
nofile——最大可以打开的文件数量
nproc——最大运行进程数
让配置的limit参数生效，所以要配置/etc/pam.d/login
[root@xuegod41 ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login 在文件末尾加上或修改以下参数
session required pam_limits.so
设置系统变量，在后面添加针对ORACLE用户的资源限制
[root@xuegod41 ~]#vim /etc/profile (在文件最后增加或修改以下脚本)
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
8.1 配置ORACLE用户的环境变量
[root@xuegod41 ~]# vim /home/oracle/.bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export ORACLE_BASE=/server/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2/db_1
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_SID=test
export LANG=american_america.ZHS16GBK
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HONE/lib
alias oratrace="cd $ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID/trace && ls|grep alert"
alias oradata="cd /server/oradata/test"
alias topc="ps -e -o pcpu,pid,user,tty,args | sort -k 1 -r | head"
alias topm="ps -e -o pmem,pid,user,tty,args | sort -k 1 -r | head"
(LD_LIBRARY_PATH环境变量用于在程序加载运行期间查找动态链接库时指定除了系统默认路径之外的其他路径，
注意，LD_LIBRARY_PATH中指定的路径会在系统默认路径之前进行查找)
9.1 上传软件包
[root@xuegod41 tmp]# ll
total 2295600
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1239269270 Aug 22 07:58 linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1111416131 Aug 22 07:58 linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
[root@xuegod41 tmp]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
[root@xuegod41 tmp]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
[root@xuegod41 tmp]# chown -R oracle.dba database/
4 安装软件
切换到ORACLE用户
10.1 安装数据库软件
[root@xuegod41 tmp]# su - oracle
[oracle@xuegod41 ~]$ cd /tmp
[oracle@xuegod41 tmp]$ cd database/
[oracle@xuegod41 database]$ ./runInstaller
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 120 MB. Actual 38647 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 1999 MB Passed
Checking monitor: must be configured to display at least 256 colors
>>> Could not execute auto check for display colors using command /usr/bin/xdpyinfo. Check if the DISPLAY variable is set. Failed <<<<
出现这种报错，解决方法：
用root用户运行 xhost + 本机IP，然后使用oracle用户登录，$su oracle 安装oracle 数据库
如下图如果出现乱码，设置以下环境变量
[oracle@xuegod41 database]$ export LANG=en.US
如下图：安装环境检测后有几个警告，一个是包的版本没有安装，一个是内核参数设置过小，
一个是swap空间设置过小，内核参数可以点击fix&check again
如下图，复制那个sh脚本在root用户状态下执行，此时不要点那个OK
[root@xuegod41 ~]# sh /tmp/CVU_11.2.0.1.0_oracle/runfixup.sh
Response file being used is :/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.1.0_oracle/fixup.response
Enable file being used is :/tmp/CVU_11.2.0.1.0_oracle/fixup.enable
Log file location: /tmp/CVU_11.2.0.1.0_oracle/orarun.log
Setting Kernel Parameters...
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
[root@xuegod41 ~]#
执行完成后，再点OK
交换分区值过小，可以有两种方法来增加swap分区，一种是将新的分区来作为swap，另一种是在磁盘中创建一个大的文件来作swap. 我们以文件扩展swap
[root@xuegod41 ~]# cd /var/
[root@xuegod41 var]# dd if=/dev/zero of=file bs=1M count=2048
2048+0 records in
2048+0 records out
2147483648 bytes (2.1 GB) copied, 31.7267 s, 67.7 MB/s
[root@xuegod41 var]# mkswap -f file
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 2097148 KiB
no label, UUID=246d49b4-e205-4545-9454-8b24a4e254eb
[root@xuegod41 var]# swapon file
[root@xuegod41 var]# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 3816 3318 498 1 25 2869
-/+ buffers/cache: 424 3392
Swap: 4047 0 4047
[root@xuegod41 var]#
[root@xuegod41 var]# echo "/var/file swap swap defaults 0 0 " >> /etc/fstab
安装pdksh包，如果安装不上，可以先把KSH这个包卸载
[root@xuegod41 tmp]# wget http://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/www.whiteboxlinux.org/whitebox/3.0/en/os/x86_64/RedHat/RPMS/pdksh-5.2.14-21.x86_64.rpm
[root@xuegod41 tmp]# rpm -qa|grep ksh
ksh-20120801-35.el6_9.x86_64
[root@xuegod41 tmp]# rpm -e ksh-20120801-35.el6_9.x86_64
[root@xuegod41 tmp]# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-21.x86_64.rpm
warning: pdksh-5.2.14-21.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 73307de6: NOKEY
Preparing... ########################################### [100%]
1:pdksh ########################################### [100%]
然后我们再次点安装检测
解决方法：
yum list libaio-devel 查看下名字
之后yum install libaio-devel-0.3.105.i386
其他的同理，如还是不能解决，选择忽略
以root用户身份执行上面两条脚本，然后点ok
[root@xuegod41 tmp]# cd /server/oracle/oraInventory/
[root@xuegod41 oraInventory]#
[root@xuegod41 oraInventory]# ./orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /server/oracle/oraInventory/.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /server/oracle/oraInventory/ to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@xuegod41 oraInventory]# cd ../product/
[root@xuegod41 product]# ./11.2/db_1/root.sh
Running Oracle 11g root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /server/oracle/product/11.2/db_1
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]: 直接回车
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Finished product-specific root actions.
11.1 配置监听
[oracle@xuegod41 oracle]$ netca
安装oracle数据库
[oracle@xuegod41 oracle]$ dbca
安装完成
查看监听状态正常
查看数据库版本及状态正常
=================================================================================================
根据时间关系，把另外几种安装方式说一下，软件安装的三种方式：图形、静默、克隆
二、克隆安装（$ORACLE_HOME）
三、根据响应文件安装（针对个别单位不能使用图形界面，只能使用静默安装）
解压完数据库软件包以后，在它的目录下面有相应的响应文件
[root@xuegod45 tmp]# ls
database linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip yum.log
[root@xuegod45 tmp]# cd database/
[root@xuegod45 database]# ls
doc install response rpm runInstaller sshsetup stage welcome.html
[root@xuegod45 database]# cd response/
[root@xuegod45 response]# ls
dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp
12.1 生成响应文件模板
安装依赖包
rpm -q --qf '%{NAME}-%{VERSION}-%{RELEASE} (%{ARCH})\n' binutils \
compat-libcap1 \
compat-libstdc++-33 \
gcc \
gcc-c++ \
glibc \
glibc-devel \
ksh \
libgcc \
libstdc++ \
libstdc++-devel \
libaio \
libaio-devel \
make \
sysstat
[root@xuegod45 response]# yum install -y libaio-devel ksh
设置主机名、修改/etc/hosts,设置主机名和Ip的对应关系
[root@xuegod45 response]# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.10.45 xuegod45 xuegod45.cn
[root@xuegod45 response]# hostname
xuegod45.cn
创建用户和组
[root@xuegod45 response]# groupadd -g 500 oinstall
[root@xuegod45 response]# groupadd -g 501 dba
[root@xuegod45 response]# groupadd -g 502 oper
[root@xuegod45 response]# useradd -u 500 -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
[root@xuegod45 response]# id oracle
uid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),502(oper)
[root@xuegod45 response]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary word
BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
oracle用户登录一下激活账号
[root@xuegod45 response]#chown oracle.dba /tmp/database/*
创建文件路径
[root@xuegod45 ~]# mkdir -p /server/oracle
[root@xuegod45 ~]# mkdir -p /server/oradata
[root@xuegod45 ~]# mkdir -p /server/oracle/oraInventory
[root@xuegod45 ~]# chown -R oracle:dba /server/ora*
[root@xuegod45 ~]# chmod -R 755 /server/ora*
[root@xuegod45 ~]# ll /server
total 8
drwxr-xr-x 3 oracle dba 4096 Aug 22 13:58 oracle
drwxr-xr-x 2 oracle dba 4096 Aug 22 13:58 oradata
扩展虚拟内存
[root@xuegod45 ~]# cd /var/
[root@xuegod45 var]# dd if=/dev/zero of=file bs=1M count=1024
1024+0 records in
1024+0 records out
1073741824 bytes (1.1 GB) copied, 6.85347 s, 157 MB/s
[root@xuegod45 var]# mkswap -f file
Setting up swapspace version 1, size = 1048572 KiB
no label, UUID=d01e69df-c23a-467a-a312-12aec5ca1801
[root@xuegod45 var]# swapon file
[root@xuegod45 var]# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 3816 3691 124 0 32 3421
-/+ buffers/cache: 237 3579
Swap: 3023 0 3023
[oracle@xuegod45 database]$ cd /tmp/database/response/
[oracle@xuegod45 response]$ ls
dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp
[oracle@xuegod45 response]$ vim db_install.rsp
#--------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=xuegod64
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/server/oracle/oraInventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en
ORACLE_HOME=/server/oracle/product/11.2/db_1
ORACLE_BASE=/server/oracle
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=true
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents=oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.4.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.4.0
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=oinstall
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES
#--------------------------------------------------------------------
各参数含义如下:
-silent 表示以静默方式安装,不会有任何提示
-force 允许安装到一个非空目录
-noconfig 表示不运行配置助手netca
-responseFile 表示使用哪个响应文件,必需使用绝对路径
oracle.install.responseFileVersion 响应文件模板的版本,该参数不要更改
oracle.install.option 安装选项,本例只安装oracle软件,该参数不要更改
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES 是否需要在线安全更新,设置为true
ORACLE_HOSTNAME 安装主机名
UNIX_GROUP_NAME oracle用户用于安装软件的组名
INVENTORY_LOCATION oracle产品清单目录
SELECTED_LANGUAGES oracle运行语言环境,一般包括英文和简繁体中文
ORACLE_HOME Oracle安装目录
ORACLE_BASE oracle基础目录
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition 安装版本类型,一般是企业版
oracle.install.db.optionalComponents 定制安装组件列表
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP oracle用户用于授予OSDBA权限的组名
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP oracle用户用于授予OSOPER权限的组名
开始安装oracle软件
通过response文件静默安装, 大概10-15分钟:
[oracle@xuegod45 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/db_install.rsp
| 用法: runInstaller [-options] [(<CommandLineVariable=Value>)*]
其中选项包括: -clusterware oracle.crs,<crs version> 已安装的集群就绪服务的版本。
-crsLocation <Path> 仅用于安装集群, 可指定 CRS 主目录位置的路径。指定此路径将覆盖从主产品清单中获取的 CRS 信息。
-invPtrLoc <full path of oraInst.loc> 仅适用于 Unix。指向其他产品清单位置。orainst.loc 文件中包含: inventory_loc=<location of central inventory> inst_group=<>
-jreLoc <location> Java 运行时环境的安装路径。没有该路径, OUI 就无法运行。
-logLevel <level> 过滤优先级别低于 <level> 的日志消息。有效的选项包括: severe, warning, info, config, fine, finer, finest, basic, general, detailed 和 trace。建议不要使用 basic, general, detailed 和 trace。
-paramFile <location of file> 指定 OUI 要使用的 oraparam.ini 文件的位置。
-responseFile <Path> 指定要使用的响应文件和路径。
-attachHome 将主目录附加到 OUI 产品清单。
-cfs 表明指定的 Oracle 主目录位于集群文件系统 (已共享) 中。如果指定 '-local', 则必须同时指定此选项, 这样 Oracle Universal Installer 才能相应地在产品清单中注册该主目录。
-clone 使 Oracle 主目录副本与当前环境匹配。
-debug 从 OUI 获取调试信息。
-detachHome 用于将主目录与 OUI 产品清单分离, 而不删除 Oracle 主目录内的产品清单目录。
-enableRollingUpgrade 在集群环境中使用, 用于允许在 (安装了该产品的) 节点子集上对产品进行升级。
-executeSysPrereqs 执行系统先决条件检查并退出。
-force 允许在非空目录中进行无提示模式的安装。
-help 显示上述用法。
-ignoreSysPrereqs 忽略系统先决条件检查的结果。
-local 无论是否指定集群节点, 均在本地节点上执行操作。
-printdiskusage 记录有关磁盘使用情况的调试信息。
-printmemory 记录有关内存使用情况的调试信息。
-printtime 记录有关时间使用情况的调试信息。
-relink 对 Oracle 主目录执行重新链接操作 用法: -relink -maketargetsxml <location of maketargetsxml> [-makedepsxml <location of makedepsxml>] [name=value]
-silent 对于无提示模式下的操作, 输入内容可以是一个响应文件, 也可以是命令行变量值对的列表。
-waitforcompletion 安装程序将等待完成, 而不是衍生 Java 引擎并退出。
-suppressPreCopyScript 禁止执行预复制脚本。
-acceptUntrustedCertificates 接受来自安全站点的不受信任的证书。
-suppressPostCopyScript 禁止执行复制后脚本。
-noconfig 不执行配置工具。
-noconsole 禁止在控制台中显示消息。不分配控制台。
-formCluster 安装 Oracle Clusterware 以构成集群。
-remotecp <Path> Unix 特定选项。仅用于安装集群, 可指定本地集群节点上远程复制程序的路径。
-remoteshell <Path> Unix 特定选项。仅用于安装集群, 可指定本地集群节点上远程 shell 程序的路径。
-executePrereqs 仅执行先决条件检查。
-ignorePrereq 忽略运行先决条件检查。
-ignoreInternalDriverError 忽略任何内部驱动程序错误。
-downloadUpdates 只下载更新。
-showProgress 用于在控制台上显示安装进度。仅在无提示安装下才支持此选项。 |
[oracle@xuegod45 ~]$ /server/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/bin/netca -silent -responseFile /tmp/database/response/netca.rsp
[oracle@xuegod45 ~]$ ll /server/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/network/admin/*.ora
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 365 Aug 22 15:08 /server/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 215 Aug 22 15:08 /server/oracle/product/11.2/db_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora