The continuous development of computer and network technology has promoted the pace of informatization in various industries in society. Today, e-government and e-commerce are very popular, and development concepts such as cloud computing, big data, industry 4.0, and "Internet +" are gradually gaining popularity. How to effectively combine traditional industries with Internet technology to produce the effect of 1+1>2 is not only a problem that every manager needs to seriously consider, but also the future development trend of the entire industry.
1. Advantages of electronic bidding system
What are the similarities and differences between electronic bidding and traditional bidding, and what are the advantages? In fact, the core of the construction of the electronic bidding system is to solve the problem of mutual integration of management models and technical means, and to restore the economic attributes and potential value of bidding activities. Its advantages are mainly reflected in the following five aspects:
1. Greatly improved work efficiency. Integrate business application, process approval, financial reimbursement, peripheral management and other functions into one system. The time and energy of business personnel are completely liberated from tedious routine work, so that they can focus more on the work that most requires wisdom and professional experience, thereby continuously improving efficiency and improving service levels. At the same time, in terms of technology, the application of information technology minimizes the risk of human intervention, realizes the coverage of the entire bidding process, and meets the economic essential requirements of standardization, standardization, and specialization of bidding business.
2. Realized the dynamic management of bidder database and expert database. For every potential bidder and expert participating in the bidding, the storage verification management can be implemented, which greatly improves the accuracy and credibility of the information. Combined with the evaluation function of the system, the system will objectively and fairly record and dynamically evaluate each bidder and expert participating in the project.
3. Realized data information sharing and efficient utilization. The electronic bidding system can be connected with other external platforms, such as the bidding public service platform, and the relevant data of each system can be transmitted in real time, forming data resource sharing and avoiding information blind spots. At the same time, the standardized interface design of the electronic bidding system also realizes deep integration and integrated development with other business systems, such as cost system, contract management system, OA system, etc. It has promoted the profound transformation of business working methods and the substantial improvement of management efficiency among various business sectors within the enterprise.
4. Effectively promote energy saving and emission reduction, capital saving and consumption reduction, and green procurement, and promote the transformation of technical service structure and the improvement of professional quality of the team. For example, with the use of the electronic payment function, bidders from other places can complete bidding registration, purchase bidding documents, and pay deposits by clicking the mouse while sitting at home. Compared with the traditional on-site purchase of bidding documents, it not only saves time and cost, but also saves out-of-town bidders from travelling.
5. Provides a new way to prevent corruption. Bidding is not the fundamental solution to the problem of corruption, but technical means can be used to make up for the lack of system prevention, so that technical prevention and system prevention can be organically combined. For example, with the help of digital certificate authentication system and big data network application, supplier qualification and performance can be certified and determined in advance, and problems such as bidder qualification and performance fraud can be completely eliminated from the technical and management aspects. The Internet has profoundly changed the way people work and live, and has become a new format.
2. Focus on the construction of electronic bidding system
The construction of the bidding information system has solved a series of technical problems such as standardization of management process, standardization of process approval, dynamic quality control, networked performance appraisal and efficient business operation that have long plagued enterprises. However, the construction of an electronic bidding system is indeed a highly comprehensive task, which is both innovative and challenging. It requires not only persistent exploration and innovation, but also planning and investment for a rainy day. At present, more and more enterprises and institutions have realized the importance and necessity of electronic bidding, and have invested heavily in the construction of informatization systems. I have also participated in the construction of informatization in units, gained some experience, and summed up a lot of lessons.
1. The electronic bidding system construction project must be a "top leader" project. In the process of building electronic bidding, we often encounter various and strange problems. Among them, the most touching thing is to work together to form a joint construction force, change the accustomed working methods, and re-adapt, learn, and use the new operating system. In this process, some people must be afraid, unwilling, or even opposed to change. At this time, only the attention and hands-on efforts of senior leaders can enable all levels of the enterprise to understand each other and actively participate in it, so that employees can have enthusiasm and confidence in new things and lay a solid foundation for the construction of the system.
2. Overall planning is the premise. The investment in informatization construction is very large, and it is a heavy burden for enterprises to invest a large amount of money at one time. In the process of enterprise informatization construction, the overall framework must be built first, and then implemented step by step. At the same time, we must adhere to the principle of "unified standards, interconnection and interoperability". To implement an information system, the application of the next information system must be considered, and the interface should be reserved. The construction of the next information system must also be based on the coding principles and technical specifications of the previous information system. At the same time, information security is no small matter. As the market environment changes, bidders are more and more willing to win the bid, even by unscrupulous means. Some people obtain illegal information in advance through system security loopholes and virus attacks. This is an unacceptable risk for bidding work with very strict procedures and time requirements, and they need to bear legal responsibility. Therefore, in the system planning stage, it is necessary to plan ahead, predict in advance, and make early preparations.
3. Full participation is the key. The construction of electronic bidding system is not only a technical problem, but also a management problem. It requires the high attention and active participation of the company's leadership, as well as the collective wisdom and cooperation of all employees. At present, the information system construction of many units is only the work of the information department. The systems produced in this way are often disjointed up and down, shifted left and right, and cannot really meet the actual needs. Therefore, the internal resources of the enterprise should be allocated reasonably, so that business personnel and management personnel can truly participate in the construction of the information system, and deeply integrate business and management, systems and processes, standards and efficiency into the system. Only by clarifying project goals, establishing project teams, specifying decision-making bodies, unblocking communication channels, and avoiding redundant construction can the system be reasonably compliant and meet requirements, and produce half the effort with half the effort.
4. System support is the foundation. Any information system is based on its own system. Although the bidding systems of different units are different, the basic requirements are the same. In terms of legal effect, the bidding system can be divided into four levels: the first level is the "Tendering and Bidding Law" promulgated by the National People's Congress; the second level is the bidding administrative regulations promulgated by the State Council; the third level is the local bidding regulations formulated by the local people's congresses with legislative power and the regulations formulated by relevant ministries and commissions; the fourth level is the bidding management system formulated by each unit. The regulations of the first three levels generally can only be followed and implemented, and it is difficult to break through, but the enterprise management system of the fourth level can fully reflect the own characteristics and professional advantages of the unit. To perfect the electronic bidding system needs to change the original management rules of the enterprise and establish a new bidding-oriented business process. These new rules include: business process rules, system management rules, system maintenance rules, etc. Without the innovation of management rules and systems, the electronic bidding system cannot operate well, nor can it fully play its due role.
5. Professional information consulting companies can be introduced when necessary. It has been heard that there are precedences and specializations in the technical industry. Not every bidding agency has its own professional informatization team. Especially when selecting a bidding information system, it may not be easy to find a professional, mature, and suitable construction unit. At least the following five aspects need to be considered: First, whether there is a mature product prototype. If so, can we try it for a period of time to test its maturity; secondly, whether there are successful application performance and failure cases. If so, is it allowed to go to the site for research and demonstration; again, whether there is a stable project team, and whether the staffing of the team is reasonable, preferably with information technology, bidding business, and legal consulting personnel; fourth, whether the scale of the project construction unit and the investment in research and development are strong. A certain amount of unit scale and R&D investment is the source to ensure the sustainable development of high-tech enterprises. If not, it means that the unit does not have the corresponding system research and development and support capabilities; the last is whether the unit has relevant qualification certificates. To sum up, if the enterprise does not have the time and energy to do the above work, it can entrust a professional information consulting company to help complete it, issue a consulting report, and cooperate with system selection, so as to find a truly professional, mature and suitable system supplier.
3. The future trend of electronic bidding
The Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee passed the "Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Advancing the Rule of Law", which is an important chapter in the process of my country's modernization and an important measure to improve the socialist system. It provides spiritual motivation for our bidding industry to implement bidding according to law, and also improves our bidding management in the future, clarifying our thinking and broadening our horizons. From my personal understanding, the development and trend of China's electronic bidding in the future are mainly reflected in the following five aspects:
1. System construction and data sharing based on cloud platform. Cloud platform system construction and data sharing are the main development directions of informatization in the fields of information service, resource allocation, dynamic optimization and data sharing. The in-depth information sharing technology for massive data will enable enterprises and regions to have more available resources and data services, thereby enhancing their information advantages and expanding their information utilization and decision-making capabilities. The construction of the bidding public service platform reflects such a development idea. After all, the number of projects represented by a bidding agency is limited, and most professional bidding is often done at a glance. It will take several years or even longer for bidding agencies to achieve in-depth accumulation of cross-professional and cross-industry knowledge. This not only affects the business development ability of the bidding agency, but also leaves people with a bad impression that the bidding agency is a "entertainment company". In the future, capable large-scale bidding companies can connect their bidding systems with public service platforms, and small and medium-sized enterprises can also fully rely on public service platforms to realize in-depth sharing and utilization of data. They can share and mine any bidding information they want with just a click of a mouse. The professional advantages of the industry are self-evident.
2. Value-added services based on value-oriented needs. First you have to figure out what is value? We hired an air conditioner for someone else, but in fact, we just bought something for the customer and did not create much value. What the customer really wants is a comfortable, safe and livable office environment. "Comfort" needless to say, "peace of mind" not only need to buy cheap, good quality, but also long life. What should I do if the air conditioner becomes uncomfortable and uncomfortable to use in the future? Who can provide additional services? These are the concrete manifestations of the value demand chain. The bidding industry in the future can no longer simply be regarded as an industry. If you want to create more value and earn more profits, you must be able to provide value-added services and additional services. It's like our unit can not only do bidding, but also can do cost and provide engineering consultation. In the future, if there is a problem, we can go to court, and we can even provide legal services. Cross-industry, multi-professional, one-stop value-added services will be the development trend of the bidding industry in the future. To achieve this business goal, there must be a powerful information support system behind it, and the development, design, construction, and integration capabilities of this system determine the value-added service level of the bidding agency.
3. A division of labor and cooperation model based on efficiency and quality. In the bidding industry, we often hear a term called "project manager responsibility system", which means that the project manager is directly responsible for the entire bidding project. There is nothing wrong with this system itself, but in reality it often evolves into a "project manager contract system". All procedures, document writing and even hotel booking have to be done by the project manager himself, which greatly consumes the energy and time of the project manager. When encountering a large workload, it is often difficult to guarantee the quality of the project, and objections and complaints follow. According to Adam Smith's economic theory, the most effective way to improve efficiency is to implement division of labor and cooperation, freeing project managers from complicated transactional labor, and focusing on key links, such as formulating bidding plans, writing bidding documents, reviewing bid evaluation reports, etc., and handing over tedious routine work to a dedicated transactional team to complete. Not only can the bidding efficiency be greatly improved, but it will also have a beneficial impact on the improvement of project quality and complete professional operation in the true sense. Of course, in order to achieve this operational goal, the support of the electronic bidding system is essential.
4. Based on humanized user experience. Nowadays, many bidding systems have powerful application functions, which not only realize electronic bidding, but also can open and evaluate bids online. It has to be said that in recent years, my country's bidding field has achieved fruitful results in information construction. However, we still have a long way to go in terms of humanized system design and user experience. According to incomplete statistics, 80% of the discontinuation of the system is due to the fact that the user experience is not humane enough, the operation interface is too complicated, and the approval process is too lengthy, which not only fails to improve efficiency, but makes users feel disgusted. Over time, fewer and fewer people used it, and finally had to optimize and upgrade or rebuild. A good system is not necessarily the most advanced and has the most functions. I personally think that the first priority of a good system is to be easy to use. The so-called easy to use is to have a humanized user experience. In this way, more and more people will use it, and then they will gradually form habits, and gradually form system dependence, and today’s Taobao, QQ, office, etc. will appear. Likewise, no management tool can be more efficient, more professional, or more promising than system dependencies. When your system reaches this level, all efficiency problems will be solved, and the soft and hard power of the enterprise will become extremely powerful.
5. System application based on mobile internet. With the rapid development of the country's mobile Internet, the characteristics of mobile terminals that are easy to carry and can obtain information at any time are widely loved by people. As of December 2015, mobile Internet users reached a staggering 899 million. Before the popularization of 3G, the main fields of mobile Internet applications were: SMS, MMS, CRBT, mobile mailbox, mobile IM and mobile music; after the launch of 3G, it mainly focused on mobile search, mobile payment, mobile reading, mobile office, mobile TV (video), mobile banking and location-based services. It can be seen that the mobile Internet has profoundly changed people's living habits, and will definitely change our working methods in the future. At present, there are not many applications of bidding systems based on mobile terminals, and even if there are, they are just simple extensions of desktop systems. Some analysts have pointed out that the number of mobile devices has far exceeded the number of people on the earth, and the next milestone era of the Internet will come in 2018-2020. I believe that in the near future, the mobile bidding system may gradually replace the desktop bidding system. We need to raise awareness and make early arrangements.
In short, as the core of the future development of the bidding industry, the electronic bidding system can play an active role in improving management capabilities, exerting operational efficiency, breaking information blind spots, preventing unauthorized actions, conducting real-time supervision, and ensuring market order. At present, this technology is like a thriving historical torrent, sweeping the entire land of China. Only by seizing the opportunity and sailing against the current can we get rid of the shackles and keep pace with the development of the times.
General service: The use & packaging of spring Cloud components is a complete set of solutions for distributed microservice cloud architecture. Such as: registration center, configuration center, gateway center, monitoring center, authentication center, user center, log center, file center, message center, distributed ID, link tracking, aggregation sending, etc.
General components: Encapsulation of common components of the system, such as: common exception status codes, URL permissions, Service/Dao/VO encapsulation, Mybatis/Spring encapsulation, paging, object storage packages, Redis cache, logs, common tools, RabbitMQ, distributed Sequence, etc.
1. Project approval management
1. Bidding and project approval application
Function point: the entrance for project approval of bidding projects, and users can save it as a draft and submit it.
2. Non-tendering project application
Function point: Non-tendering project application portal, users can save it as a draft and submit it.
3. Purchasing project approval list
Function points: edit the draft, edit rejected projects, and view the process in transit.
2. Project management
1. Procurement plan management
Function points: add, edit, and delete purchase plans
2. Procurement process management
Function points: query, maintain benchmark price, set up review team, project Q&A clarification, document fee deposit review, supplier quotation maintenance, view review details.
3. Extraction of bidding agencies
Function points: extraction of bidding agencies
4. Extraction of cost agencies
Function points: extraction of cost agencies
5. Offline project management
Function points: add, import, delete, edit.
3. Procurement Announcement Management
1. Project Announcement Query
Function Points: Create tender announcements, create non-tender announcements, view, edit, submit for review, and deactivate.
4. Review management
1. Project review
Function points: query, reviewers submit ratings.
V. Assessment management
1. Assignment of project assessment
Function points: query, view details, release assessment, and assign the person in charge of assessment.
2. Project assessment query
Function points: query, view details, and assign examiners.
3. Project assessment
Function points: query, view details, submit assessment and score.
6. Supplier Enterprise Center
1. Complaints and Suggestions
Function points: Submit complaints and suggestions
2. Enterprise information
Function points: Modify enterprise information
3. Project management
Function points: View announcements, view projects, download tenders, pay document fees, pay deposits, and upload tender documents.
7. Bidding agency enterprise center
1. Basic information
Function point: Modify enterprise information
2. Project management
Function point: View project details and status
3. Announcement management
Function point: Create tender announcements, create non-tender announcements, view, edit, submit for review, and deactivate.
