Final Review Outline Examination Questions for Introduction to Tourism (with Answers)

Review Outline of Introduction to Tourism

Chapter 1 The Origin and Development of Tourism

1. Fill in the blanks

1. In the " Book of Changes ", there was a phrase "watching the light of the country" on the mountain. This is believed to be where the term "sightseeing" came from.

2. As far as the development of travel activities in the Western slavery society is concerned, the main reasons for promoting people to travel are __product exchange__ and __bartering .

3. In July 1841, _Thomas Cook_ organized a group tour from Leicester in the Midlands of England to Lochborough in the form of chartered trains, which was regarded as the beginning of modern tourism.

4. The world's first travel guidebook was written by _Thomas Cook___ "Liverpool Travel Guide "__.

5. Thomas Cook's __voucher____ is the earliest prototype of today's traveler's check.

6. At the beginning of the 20th century, the three major companies in the world travel agency industry were __Thomas Cook Company__ , _American Express Company__ and __Belgian Railway Sleeping Car Company__ .

2. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Thomas Cook's alcohol prohibition campaign in 1841 marked the beginning of modern tourism. The difference between this campaign and the previous ones is __C____ .

A Recreational B Profitable C Public D Sightseeing

2. Thomas Cook organized a trip to Paris in 1855 to create a __ B ____.

A group travel B international package travel C business travel D study travel

3. _ C ___, established Thomas Cook and Sons, becoming the world's first travel agency.

A 1845 B 1855 C 1865 D 1872

4. In the 1950s, the application of jet technology in civil aviation marked the birth of __C____ .

A ancient travel B modern travel and travel C modern travel D international travel

5. The earliest and largest travel agency established by the Chinese themselves is __A____ .

A Shanghai Commercial Savings Bank Travel Department B Fujian Xiamen Overseas Chinese Service Agency

C China International Travel Service D China Travel Service

3. Explanation of terms

1. Migration activities: the activities of going away from home due to the threat of some natural factors or specific human factors out of the need for survival.

2. Modern tourism: After the end of World War II, especially since the 1960s, socialized tourism activities have rapidly spread all over the world.

4. Short answer questions

1. Why is it said that the human migration activities in the early primitive society are not tourism activities? Answer: Due to the limitation of social conditions, the early humans in the primitive society had no material basis for traveling objectively, nor did they have the desire to travel subjectively. The compulsion and survival of human migration activities show that they do not belong to travel or tourism activities in the current sense.

2. How did human beings first need to travel? Human travel has its socioeconomic context. With the development of product production and exchange, the primitive society collapsed and the slave society was formed, and a merchant class specialized in barter trade began to appear. This is the third major social division of labor in the history of human social development, that is, commerce is separated from agriculture, animal husbandry and handicrafts. The development of this barter trade has allowed the geographical scope of the exchange of different products to continue to expand. People need to understand the production and demand in other regions, and need to exchange their own products or goods in other regions, so there is a need to travel for business or go out to exchange products.

3. What are the characteristics of travel development in feudal society? ．(1) The development of travel activities is directly related to the political and economic conditions of the country. (2) During the period of feudal society, although various non-economic travel activities had new development and expansion, trade and business travel still dominated. (3) The feudal society was dominated by agricultural economy, and the rural population dominated. (4) For non-economic travel activities, especially for recreational travel activities, most of the participants are emperors, bureaucrats, feudal nobles, landlords and other ruling classes and their vassal classes. They are small in number and constitute a small proportion of the population, so their recreational travel activities do not have general social significance.

4. Briefly analyze the influence of the industrial revolution on the development of modern tourism. First, the industrial revolution has accelerated the process of urbanization, which has changed the working and living locations of many people, that is, they have moved from rural areas to industrial cities. Second, along with changes in where many people work and live, the industrial revolution has also changed the nature of work for many people. Third, the industrial revolution brought about new changes in class relations. Fourth, the technological progress brought about by the industrial revolution, especially the application of steam engine technology in transportation, has changed the technical conditions for people to travel and made large-scale mobility of people possible.

5. Briefly describe the changes and evolution of my country's tourism market since the reform and opening up. (1) From 1978 to the mid-1980s, the development stage was mainly for receiving inbound tourism. (2) From the mid-1980s to 1997, inbound tourism and domestic tourism developed in parallel. (3) From 1997 to the present, inbound tourism, domestic tourism and outbound tourism have developed in an all-round way.

5. Essay questions

1. Why do people honor Thomas Cook as a pioneer of tourism? (1) On July 5, 1841, Thomas Cook organized a large-scale group tour by chartering a train. It is generally believed that this activity organized by Thomas Cook marked the beginning of modern tourism. The characteristics of this tourism activity are: ① the public nature of the participants ② the thoroughness of the organization work ③ the unprecedented size of the group ④ the later Thomas Cook The establishment of Cook Travel Agency laid the foundation (2) In 1845, the group recreational travel was organized for the first time for commercial purposes: ① The characteristics of this group travel activity A The organization of this group travel activity is purely for commercial profit Purpose B The group recreational activity organized this time was a week-long overnight trip C. Did a lot of fieldwork D. Wrote a "Liverpool Travel Guide" E. Accompanied and guided throughout. ②Compared with the tourism activities organized in 1841, the difference lies in: A. The nature of the organization work is different; B. The travel purpose of the participants is different; precedent

2. Try to analyze the reasons for the rapid development of modern tourism after the end of the Second World War, and what is the significance of understanding these reasons? The main factors that promote the rapid development and expansion of post-war tourism activities in the world include: First, the rapid increase of the world population after the war. Second, the world economy developed rapidly after the war. Third, the advancement of transportation tools has shortened the time and distance of travel. Fourth, increased automation of production has allowed workers to increase their paid vacations. Fifth, after the war, the urbanization process of all countries in the world has generally accelerated. Sixth, after the war, the educational horizons of countries around the world continued to develop in a new breadth and depth, coupled with the influence of the continuous improvement of the information base, the interest in tourism increased.

Each of the factors listed above played a considerable role in driving the rapid expansion of travel demand in the postwar period. However, the rapid development of global tourism activities after World War II is actually the result of the joint action of supply and demand. Among them, the more important factors are the supportive attitudes and encouraging measures adopted by many countries in developing tourism and facilitating tourists to visit; the second is the efforts and investment made by many destinations in the development of tourist attractions and the construction of reception facilities; the third is convenience And the launch and promotion of cheap group package tours. In short, under the combined effect of the above-mentioned factors, tourism activities have experienced a remarkable rapid development after World War II.

Chapter 2 The Concept, Nature and Characteristics of Tourism

1. Fill in the blanks

1. According to geographical scope, tourism activities are divided into _domestic tourism_ , _international tourism_ , _intercontinental tourism_ , _global tourism_ and so on.

2. According to the travel distance, tourism activities are divided into _long -distance travel__ and _short -range travel__ .

3. According to the form of organization, tourism activities are divided into _group tourism_ , _individual tourism_ _.

4. Modern tourism activities are social and cultural activities characterized by __personnel flow__ between different regions and involving many aspects such as __culture, economy__ and __politics__ .

5. The characteristics of tourism activities include _popularity_ , _sustainability of scale development_ , _geographical concentration in spatial distribution , and _seasonality in temporal distribution_ .

6. Commonly used indicators to measure the development of tourism are __number of tourists__ , __tourism income and tourism expenditure__ , __days of tourist stay__

2. Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which of the following activities is a tourism activity_ D_ _.

A Three Gorges Immigrants B Overseas Chinese, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan compatriots return to the mainland to settle

C Students study in different places D Foreign high-level government delegations visit China

2. The essence of tourism is not __D____ .

A Aesthetic activity B Economic activity

C social and cultural activities D political activities

3. The definition of tourism that is commonly quoted and widely disseminated internationally is _ B_ _.

A World Tourism Organization definition B Este definition

C Definition by the British Tourist Board D Definition by the US Senate Research Group

4. The main reason for classifying tourism activities is _D_ _ .

A to classify for the sake of classification B procedural regulations C to make the text more perfect

D Better awareness and understanding of tourism activities to provide appropriate criteria for research purposes and needs

5. The fundamental difference between domestic tourism and international tourism lies in __D____ .

A consumption level B length of stay C economic role D whether it crosses borders

6. The commonly used standard to measure the development of tourist destinations in currency is _A_ _ .

A tourism income B number of people received C average length of stay of tourists D number of nights

3. Explanation of terms

1. Tourism: It is the sum of the travel and stay activities that people leave their long-term residence to go to foreign countries for reasons other than immigration and employment, as well as the resulting phenomena and relationships.

2. Definition of "Esther" : Tourism is the sum of phenomena and relations arising from the travel and temporary stay of non-settlers.

3. International tourism: refers to the tourism activities carried out transnationally, that is, the tourism activities in which residents of one country cross the border to visit another or several countries.

4. Mass tourism: First of all, it refers to popular tourism or the popularization of tourism activities, that is, the scope of participants in tourism activities has been expanded to ordinary working people. Another layer of meaning is mass tourism, that is, the mass tourism model or form of tourism activities represented by organized group package tourism formed by the large-scale development of modern tourism activities.

5. Incentive travel: Modern tourism is not only a way of leisure for people in other places, but also is increasingly used by companies and organizations in many countries as a means of motivating employees, which is incentive travel.

6. Social tourism: also known as social subsidized tourism, that is, for low-income poor families, some countries help them to go out by providing subsidies or subsidies through the state, local governments, work units, trade unions or other organizations to which the head of the household belongs. travel.

7. Tourism income: usually refers to the direct income obtained by receiving domestic and foreign tourists and providing them with various goods and services within a certain period of time (usually one year).

8. Tourism seasonality: The unbalanced time distribution of modern tourism activities is called the seasonality of tourism activities.

4. Short answer questions

1. Briefly describe the difference between domestic tourism and international tourism? The most fundamental difference between domestic tourism and international tourism is whether it crosses national borders. In addition, there are some specific differences between the two: First, in terms of consumption level, the consumption level of domestic tourism is generally lower, while the consumption level of international tourism is usually higher. Second, in terms of length of stay, domestic tourists generally stay shorter in tourist areas, while international tourists generally spend longer in host countries than the former. Third, from the perspective of convenience, there are few language barriers in domestic travel and no formalities are required. However, when traveling abroad, most of them will encounter language barriers and need to go through various travel procedures. Fourth, from the perspective of economic effects, domestic tourism consumption only promotes the redistribution of domestic wealth among regions, and does not directly increase the total wealth of the country; while international tourism is the income of international tourists in the source country. The income is used for consumption in the host country, so it will directly cause the transfer of wealth between countries.

2. Briefly describe the performance of tourism phenomenon? Tourism activities occur and proceed in a specific social environment, and almost all phenomena in this environment are manifested in tourists' tourism activities to varying degrees. Therefore, tourism activities are a comprehensive manifestation of various phenomena in the social environment. . First, tourism activities are a manifestation of social phenomena. Tourism is an important leisure activity for people, and leisure is the product of the development of productivity to a certain stage. As an important content of human leisure activities, tourism is actually a manifestation of social phenomena. Second, tourism activities are a cultural phenomenon. Tourists are produced depending on a certain social and cultural background. One of the important purposes of tourists traveling abroad is to experience the customs of other countries and understand the culture of other countries. The social and cultural background creates necessary conditions for people to travel abroad. Third, tourism activity is an economic phenomenon. The demand and supply relationship between tourists and tourism suppliers is an economic relationship. In addition, the development of tourism activities has also brought different degrees of direct or indirect objective impact on the source country or the host country. Fourth, tourism is a political phenomenon. In modern international exchanges, tourism has the reputation of "people-to-people diplomacy". The development of international tourism can help improve and enhance the image of tourist-receiving countries, enhance international understanding, and ease and eliminate international tensions.

3. Briefly describe the performance of the popularity of modern tourism activities? (1) Mass tourism is a major feature of the popularity of modern tourism activities. Mass tourism refers to mass tourism or the popularization of tourism activities, that is, the scope of participants in tourism activities has been expanded to ordinary working people. Another layer of meaning is mass tourism, that is, the mass tourism model or form of tourism activities represented by organized group package tourism formed by the large-scale development of modern tourism activities. (2) Another manifestation of the popularity of modern tourism activities is that it is not only a way of leisure for people in different places, but also is increasingly used by companies and organizations in many countries as a means of motivating employees. That's incentive travel.

4. Try to analyze the causes of the seasonality of tourist destinations? For a tourist destination, the formation of tourism seasonality has both the reasons of the place itself and the source of tourists. As far as the tourist destination itself is concerned, the climatic conditions of the place have a significant impact on the formation of the seasonality of visiting tourism. As far as the source of tourists is concerned, although there may be many factors that affect people's choice of travel time and thus the seasonality of travel in the local market, there are two main factors that are more common among them. One factor is why people travel, and another factor is how long people take their paid vacations.

5. Briefly describe the commonly used methods of counting the number of tourists. In terms of statistics on the number of outbound tourists (times) of domestic residents, statistics are carried out through regular domestic tourism sampling surveys. As for the number of domestic tourists, countries around the world usually conduct statistical calculations through regular domestic tourism sampling surveys.

5. Essay questions

1. Explain the content of Astor's definition, and analyze the scientific nature of this definition. What Esther defines: "Tourism is the sum total of phenomena and relationships arising from the travel and temporary residence of non-settlers. These people do not lead to long-term settlement and do not involve any earning activities." Among the many definitions of tourism , Astor's definition is more scientific. We first understand this problem from the research object of tourism. Tourism is a science that studies tourists and their tourism activities, tourism and its services and business activities, and the impact of these two activities on tourist destinations. In this sense, the scope of the concept of tourism not only refers to the activities of tourists, but also includes various phenomena and relationships represented by tourism activities and tourism influences. The so-called various relationships here mainly refer to the relationship between tourists, tourism enterprises, destination governments and destination residents in the process of direct or indirect contact or dealing with each other due to their different pursuit of interests. intricate relationship. Phenomena and relationships are by no means limited to "various tourist facilities", but should have a wider range of content.

Based on the above analysis, let's look at the scientific nature of Astor's definition. (1) The expression of "the sum of phenomena and relationships caused by tourists' travel and stay" not only includes the activities of tourists, but also involves many phenomena and relationships objectively caused by these activities, thus reflecting the connotation of tourism comprehensiveness. These "phenomena and relationships" are caused by tourists' travel and stay, which largely regulate the boundaries of the scope of tourism research and clarify the distinction between tourism research and other socioeconomic studies. (2) The statement about "non-settlers" reflects the remoteness of tourism activities. (3) Emphasizing these people does not lead the settlers to point out in principle the temporary nature of tourist activity. It is precisely because of its refinement and science in expression that the definition of Astor has wide influence and is often cited by people.

2. Try to summarize the characteristics of modern tourism. (1) Popularity: It is manifested in the popularity of modern tourism and the emergence of incentive tourism. Mass tourism refers to mass tourism or the popularization of tourism activities, that is, the scope of participants in tourism activities has been expanded to ordinary working people. Another layer of meaning is mass tourism, that is, the mass tourism model or form of tourism activities represented by organized group package tourism formed by the large-scale development of modern tourism activities. Another manifestation of the popularity of modern tourism activities is that it is not only a way of leisure for people in different places, but also is increasingly used by companies and organizations in many countries as a means of motivating employees. This is the incentive travel. (2) Persistence. Since the 1950s, the development of tourism activities around the world has continued unabated due to the increasing popularity of tourism activities after World War II and its becoming a necessary part of people's lives. However, this continuous upward trend is only for the overall situation of the development of tourism activities in the whole world, and cannot be fully used to explain the development of tourism in all regions or countries. (3) Geographic concentration. That is to say, the tourism activities of tourists are not evenly or roughly evenly distributed in various places, but are concentrated in certain countries or regions, and even concentrated in certain scenic spots to visit or engage in other tourism activities. This feature shows that the activities of tourists are not evenly distributed all over the world. For most tourists, they tend to concentrate in certain areas to carry out activities. (4) Seasonality. The development of modern tourism activities is also uneven in time distribution. This uneven distribution of tourist visits in time not only exists between the four seasons of the year, between the months, and between the weeks, but also between different days of the week or even within a day. The same can be seen between time periods.

Chapter 3 Tourists

1. Fill in the blanks

1. The Rome Conference pointed out that all visitors included in tourism statistics are collectively referred to as "_visitors_ " . In fact, it is also called __tourist__ in tourism theory research .

2. The objective conditions that determine tourists' needs include _disposable income_ and _enough leisure time_ . In addition, there are other influencing factors, which can be roughly divided into _social factors_ and _tourists ' personal factors_ .

3. The famous psychologist Maslow put forward the need hierarchy theory, people's needs can be roughly divided into _physiological needs_ , _safety needs_ , _social needs_ , _respected needs_ and _self -actualization needs_ .

4. Tourism motives arising from specific needs can be divided into four basic types: _physical motivation__ , _cultural motivation__ , _interpersonal (social interaction) motivation__ and _status and prestige motivation__ .

5. American scholar Stanley C. In the psychological type model proposed by Palog, people are divided into five different psychological types according to their personality and psychological characteristics: _ egocentric __, _ near egocentric __, _ intermediate __, _ near polycentric Type __ and _multicentric type__ .

6. According to the purpose of traveling abroad, tourists can be divided into the following three types: _ recreational tourists __, _ business travel __ and _ family and personal affairs tourists _.

2. Indefinite multiple-choice questions

1. At present, China's international tourist sources are mainly composed of _ABCD_ .

A overseas Chinese B foreigners C Hong Kong and Macao compatriots D Taiwan compatriots

2. The objective factors that determine the tourist's personal travel demand are _ ABD _.

A income level B leisure time C travel motivation D physical ability status

3. Strictly speaking, having enough __C__ is the primary material condition for a person to realize his travel needs.

A Income level B Household income C Discretionary income D Disposable income

4. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory, the following needs to be respected are _BC_ .

A emotion B success C self-esteem D food

5. Personal factors that affect the formation of travel motivation include _ ABC _.

A age B personal psychological type C gender D race

3. Explanation of terms

1. Disposable income: refers to the income of an individual or family after deducting all income taxes paid.

2. Disposable income: refers to the portion of personal or family income that remains after deducting payable income tax, social security consumption, and daily necessities.

3. Leisure time: Refers to free time or time at will.

4. Motivation to travel: the inner driving force that a person decides to travel in order to satisfy his own needs.

4. Short answer questions

1. How did the Conference of Rome define who should be included in tourism statistics? What are the characteristics of this definition? The Rome Conference proposed that all visitors included in tourism statistics be collectively referred to as "tourists". Tourists include tourists and excursionists. The basic features of this definition are: first, all the visitors included in the tourist statistics are called "tourists". Second, based on the length of stay in the visited place, that is, whether to stay overnight in the visited place, the visiting tourists are further divided into "tourists" who stay overnight and "day tourists" who do not stay overnight. Third, determine whether a visitor should be included in the tourist statistics according to the country of residence or usual residence of the visitor, not according to his or her nationality. Fourth, define whether the visitor is a tourist that should be included in the tourist statistics according to the stipulated purpose of visit.

2. What is the standard for tourists in the current international statistical sense? Which two types of tourists are included, and what is the difference between them? Standards: leave the usual environment, that is, leave the place of permanent residence; stay in the place of visit for no more than 12 months in a row; the purpose of the visit is not mainly to obtain remuneration from the place of visit through the activities engaged in. Tourists include overnight tourists (tourists) and one-day tourists. The difference between them is whether they stay in the place of visit for more than 24 hours, that is, whether they stay overnight.

3. How does our country define overseas tourists and domestic tourists? Overseas tourists: refers to foreigners, overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan who come to mainland my country to visit, visit relatives, visit friends, investigate or engage in trade, business, sports, religious activities, and conferences. Domestic tourists refer to anyone who leaves the place of long-term residence to visit other places in my country for leisure, entertainment, sightseeing, vacation, visiting relatives and friends, medical treatment, shopping, attending conferences, or engaging in economics, culture, sports, and religion, and the continuous stay does not exceed 6 months, and the main purpose of the visit is not to obtain compensation for the activities performed.

4. What factors determine individual travel needs? Objective factors: sufficient discretionary income, sufficient leisure time, others. Subjective factor: travel motivation.

5．旅游动机有哪些基本类型？旅游动机的主要影响因素是什么？基本类型：身体方面的动机，文化方面的动机，人际（社会交往）方面的动机，地位和声望方面的动机。主要影响因素：(1)个人因素：个性心理、性别、年龄、文化程度、修养(2)外部因素：社会历史条件、微社会环境条件、家庭、个人收入状况、职业。

五、论述题

1.分析马斯洛（Maslow）需求层次说与旅游动机的关系。生理需求、安全需求完全超出了旅游者的范畴。社交需求，参与社会交往，取得社会承认和归属感的需要。可以成为旅游动机之一，但不充分。受尊重需要。指在社交活动中受人尊敬，取得一定社会地位、荣誉和权力的需要。一个人在家时，一切均需要自理，而作为旅游者则全程有人为你服务，可以享受到受尊重的感觉。可以成为旅游动机之一。自我实现需要。发挥个人最大能力，实现理想与抱负的需要。有的人为了实现自我抱负或谋求自我发展而外出旅游考察，从中获取信息或启示，以寻求发展机会。如考察旅游、会议旅游；如驾车或徒步游全国、全球、跨越某大洲等，以此展示其成就，实现一种自我价值，引起人们的注目。可以成为旅游动机之一，但占很小一部分。一般而言，人类的需要由低层次向高层次发展，低层次需要满足后才追求高层次的满足。例如，一个食不裹腹、衣不蔽体的人可能会铤而走险而不考虑安全需要，可能会向人乞讨而不考虑社会需要和受尊重需要。马斯洛认为，一个人同时存在多种需要，但在某一特定时期每种需要的重要性并不相同。人们首先追求满足最重要的需要，即需要结构中的主导需要，它作为一种动力推动着人们的行为。当主导需要被满足后就会失去对人的激励作用，人们就会转而注意另一个相对重要的需要。需要层次越高，达到的人数就越少。因此，单靠马斯洛需要层次理论互还难以现代大众化旅游者的动机。

2. What are the different demand characteristics of different types of tourists classified according to their tourism purposes? What is the practical significance of studying them? (1) Recreational tourists. Usually have the following characteristics: 1. The largest proportion; 2. Strong seasonality; 3. Greater freedom of choice; 4. Generally longer stay time; It has the following characteristics: ① less people, frequent trips; ② no seasonality; ③ less freedom of choice; ④ higher consumption; ⑤ less sensitive to prices. (3) Family and personal affairs tourists. The characteristics of the needs of such tourists are more complex. It has the following characteristics: ① poor seasonality of travel ② self-funded travel, more sensitive to prices ③ mostly concentrated on traditional holidays ④ less freedom of choice of destination and time

3. Try to state the main points of the theory of psychological type proposed by Stanly Plog and analyze its cognitive significance. Palog divided people into five different psychological types, egocentric, polycentric, near egocentric, near polycentric, and intermediate. See the figure below. The two extreme psychological types are egocentric and polycentric. Self-centered people are characterized by cautious thinking, worrying too much, and unwillingness to take risks. In terms of behavior, people of this psychological type like to be comfortable and relaxed, do not take the initiative to communicate with strangers, and like familiar atmosphere and activities. Polycentric people are characterized by open-mindedness, broad interests, and courage. In terms of behavior, people of this psychological type are novelty-seeking, exciting, adventurous, proactive, unwilling to follow the crowd, and like to contact strangers from different cultural backgrounds.

Chapter Four Tourism Resources

1. Fill in the blanks

1. According to the basic attributes of tourism resources, tourism resources are divided into three categories: _natural tourism resources_ , _humanistic tourism resources_ and _social tourism resources_ .

2. The characteristics of tourism resources are: _diversity__ , _direction of attraction__ , _monopoly , _vulnerability__ , _innovation__ .

3. According to the state of existence, tourism resources can be divided into: _actual tourism resources_ and _potential tourism resources__ .

4. The evaluation criteria of tourism resources include _aesthetic standards_ , _social standards_ , _historical standards_ , _market standards_ and so on.

5. There are many reasons that cause tourism resources to suffer disasters, and these reasons can basically be divided into two categories: _natural action_ and _human action_ .

2. Multiple Choice Questions

1. The following tourism resources are _ ABCD_ _ .

A volcanic area B exotic flowers and plants C customs and habits D library

2. The diversity of tourism resources mainly refers to the diversity of __ ABD __.

A Types of Attracting Tourists B Ways of Tourism C Resource Development D Resource Connotations and Forms of Manifestation.

3. The accessibility of a tourist destination refers to _C_ .

A The traffic connection between the tourist destination and the outside world B The transportation within the tourist destination

C General term for tourism land, water and air passages D Tourism infrastructure

4. Tourism infrastructure includes _ BC _.

A Tourist shop B Tourist hotel C Entertainment place D Hospital

5. The protection of tourism resources should achieve _ ABC _.

A Focus on governance B Focus on prevention C Focus on restricting use D Absolute protection

3. Explanation of terms

1. Tourism resources: All kinds of objective things that can attract tourists can be called tourism resources.

2. Actual tourism resources : refers to those tourism resources that are not only attractive to tourists, but also objectively have the necessary reception conditions, and are receiving a large number of tourists to visit.

3. Potential tourism resources: refers to those attractions that may have some interesting features, but do not have traffic conditions and other reception conditions, and may not be well known, and currently cannot attract a large number of tourists to come to watch element.

4. Accessibility: Refers to the smoothness and convenience of the traffic connection between the location of tourism resources and the outside world (especially with the main tourist source market area) and the internal traffic conditions.

5. Tourism infrastructure: Among the various facilities related to tourism, all facilities that are mainly used by local residents but must be provided to tourists or that tourists must also rely on are tourism infrastructure.

6. Tourism upper-level facilities: refers to those service facilities that are most available to local residents, but mainly used by foreign tourists.

4. Short answer questions

1. List and explain the characteristics of tourism resources. (1) diversity; (2) orientation of attraction; (3) monopoly; (4) vulnerability; (5) innovation

2. What are the main factors that determine the value of a tourism resource? Why? The value of a tourism resource depends on the combination of its inherent quality and its location. Among them, quality refers to the characteristics of the tourism resource itself, that is, the difference. Location refers to the geographical location where the tourism resource is located.

3. Briefly describe the content of the feasibility study of the tourism resource development project. ．(1) The strength and qualifications of developers. (2) Analyze and predict market demand. (3) Analyze the micro conditions of project development and operation. (4) Analyze the local macro socio-economic conditions.

4. Briefly describe the basic content of tourism development work. ．(1) Solve and improve the accessibility of the location of tourism resources. (2) Construct and improve tourism infrastructure. (3) Construction of tourism upper-level facilities. (4) Development, construction and management of tourist attractions and scenic spots. (5) Train personnel who are competent for professional-level tourism services.

5. Try to analyze the principles of tourism resource development. (1) Highlight the principle of uniqueness. (2) Strive for the principle of economy. (3) Pay attention to the principle of protecting the environment. (4) The principle of overall planning and phased development.

5. Topics for discussion

Some people think that in order to protect tourism resources, it is best not to develop them. How would you rate this concept. This concept is a negative concept. There is a dialectic relationship between development and conservation. It cannot be denied that, in a sense, exploitation itself means destruction. However, it should also be noted that, in the case that some tourism resources must be developed according to the needs of tourism development, it is entirely possible for people to reduce the possibility of problems to a minimum through careful planning and perfect design. minimum. We cannot blindly oppose the development of these resources in order to protect them. In other words, we cannot pit development and protection against each other. The key lies in how to properly utilize these resources so that they can serve human needs. On this issue, the purpose of development is for utilization, and the purpose of protection is actually for utilization.

Chapter V Tourism

1. Fill in the blanks

1. According to the United Nations "International Industry Classification Standard" and the specific situation analysis of the tourism business, the tourism industry is mainly composed of three major parts, namely __travel agency, _ _tourism transportation_ , _accommodation industry and hotel_ , these three major parts are also Three pillars of tourism.

2. Tourism is fundamentally a ___ economic industry.

3. In foreign countries, travel agencies are divided into _ _travel wholesale operators_ and __travel retailers_ according to their business types .

4. Attraction products occupy a central position in the overall product composition of the tourism industry for tourism purposes .

5. Tourist attractions have the following characteristics: ___specificity , permanence , __controllability_ .

6. Factors that affect tourists' choice of travel methods include _ _travel distance_ , __transportation price_ , ___travel purpose , travel preference and experience.

2. Multiple Choice Questions

1. China International Travel Service did not become a real enterprise until _ _B _.

A 1978 B 1984 C 1954 D 1989

2. The __ _D ___ decision made at the meeting of directors of China's tourism bureaus in September 1984 completely broke the monopoly of the three major travel agencies in China.

A Promulgate the "Interim Provisions on the Management of Travel Agencies" B Divide travel agencies into three categories C Approve the establishment of a group of first-class agencies D Delegate this authority

3. Among the following enterprises, _C_ __ is an indirect tourism enterprise.

A travel agency B transportation company C restaurant D hotel

4. The reason for the high exchange rate of travel does not include D

A No tariff barriers affect B tourism export is an invisible trade

C There is no transportation cost for tourism exports D The cost of tourism products is low

5. _ __B _____ is the object of tourism activities and the most basic condition for the survival and development of an international or regional tourism industry.

A tourist B tourist resource C tourism D travel agency

3. Explanation of terms

1. Tourism: Tourism is a comprehensive industry that takes tourists as objects, creates convenient conditions for their tourism activities and provides them with the goods and services they need.

2. Travel agency: A travel agency refers to a profit-making enterprise engaged in business activities such as handling exit, entry and visa procedures for tourists, attracting and receiving tourists, and arranging board and lodging for tourists.

3. Package tour: a form of tourism that travel agencies offer to the tourist public by planning, organizing and arranging activities in advance and taking care of all related services.

4. Tourism products: From the perspective of tourist destinations, tourism products refer to all the services that tourism operators provide to tourists to meet their tourism needs by virtue of tourist attractions, transportation and tourist facilities; from the perspective of tourists Tourism product refers to a tourist experience that tourists spend a certain amount of time, money and energy in exchange for.

5. Tourism services: Tourism services refer to the services most closely related to tourism activities, including accommodation services, catering services, travel agency services, tour guide translation services, sightseeing and entertainment services.

4. Short answer questions

1. Briefly answer the characteristics of tourism industry. Comprehensive industry—combination of transportation, tourism, housing, food, shopping, and entertainment industries; labor-intensive service industries; industries with strong political nature.

2. Briefly answer the role of travel agencies. The organizer of tourism activities, organizing various tourism products into tourism routes, organizing tourist activities; sales channels of tourism products; pioneer of tourism industry

3. Describe the role of restaurants in the tourism industry. Tourist hotels are the material basis for the development of tourism; tourist hotels are important bases for tourism to earn foreign exchange; tourist hotels provide a large number of employment opportunities; they are the center of foreign exchanges and social communication activities; they drive the development of other industries and bring huge benefits to the region. economic benefits

4. Briefly describe the role of tourist attractions. A place that shows the essence of local tourism resources; stimulates or attracts tourists; represents tourism resources; occupies a central position in the overall product composition of the destination tourism industry.

5. What are the operating advantages of the hotel group? Capital advantages; technical and economic advantages; marketing advantages; material procurement advantages; management advantages; risk diffusion advantages

5. Essay questions

1. What are the factors that affect people's choice of travel mode?The general requirements of tourists for transportation are safety, convenience, speed, efficiency, comfort and economy. Generally speaking, the factors that affect people's choice of travel methods mainly include the following aspects: (1) Travel purpose. The purpose of business travelers is to go out for official business. To a certain extent, they do not consider travel expenses. What they care about most is safety, convenience, speed and comfort. Therefore, the travel methods they are willing to choose are air, railway and Cars, generally seldom take long-distance buses and ships. Recreational tourists travel for the purpose of leisure and vacation, and they have a greater choice of different travel modes. These tourists are more sensitive to prices, and they will try to choose travel methods with lower transportation prices. Generally speaking, most recreational tourists like to travel by car if conditions permit. For long-distance travel, especially overseas travel, air travel and train travel are often used. When recreational tourists choose travel methods, they pay attention to safety, economy and efficiency. The criteria for personal and business tourists to choose travel methods are safety, efficiency and low price. (2) Shipping price. Due to the reimbursement of travel expenses, business travelers are generally not sensitive to transportation prices when they travel, but other types of tourists are very sensitive to transportation prices. (3) Travel distance. In order to make more efficient use of limited vacation time, people must strive to reduce the time spent in transportation. Therefore, for long-distance travel, people usually choose air travel, while for short- and medium-distance travel, people are more inclined to choose railway or car as a travel method, because it is not only more economical than air travel, but also cheaper. convenient. (4) Travel preferences and experiences. When there are many travel methods to choose from at the same time, people with the same condition may choose different travel methods. This is a result of individual travel preferences and experiences. For people who travel for the first time, their preference for a certain way of travel is mainly influenced by personality or psychological type. In the choice of travel methods, egocentric people often like to drive to a certain destination by themselves, while polycentric tourists prefer to take an airplane instead of driving to a destination by themselves. People's preference for a certain way of travel often comes from their past travel experience. (5) Other factors, such as weather, travel companions, geographical features of the destination, and so on. In fact, all kinds of factors are interrelated, affect each other and play a comprehensive role in determining people's choice of travel methods.

2. Analyze the characteristics of tourism products. Tourism product is a service-oriented comprehensive product, which has both common characteristics as a service product and its own individual characteristics. That is: comprehensiveness, intangibility, synchronization, non-transferability, and non-storability. (l) Comprehensiveness. Tourism product is a heterogeneous product. From the perspective of the composition of tourism products, tourism products are comprehensive products composed of material products, spiritual products and tourism services. From the perspective of the content of tourism products, it is a product composed of tourism routes, with various tourism resources, various tourism facilities and various special tourism service activities. From the perspective of the formation process of tourism products, there are many departments and industries involved in the production or provision of tourism products. In addition to various industries in the tourism department, it also involves many other national economic departments and industries other than the tourism department. (2) Invisibility. Tourism products are mainly manifested as tourism services. Therefore, they cannot be seen, touched, or smelled, and cannot be "taste before buying". Different from other tangible consumer goods, tourism products cannot be touched or felt by people before and during consumption. Tourists spend a certain amount of time, money and energy to obtain a kind of travel experience and experience, which is invisible to people. The intangibility of tourism products increases the risk of tourists purchasing, and also increases the difficulty of transactions between travel agencies and tourists. (3) Synchronization. The production of tourism products is manifested as the provision of tourism services, and production and consumption are synchronized. Therefore, the production of tourism products must be premised on the place where tourists come to the tourism port, that is, the premise of tourism demand. Tourists directly intervene in the production process of tourism products, test the quantity and quality of tourism products in direct consumption, and express their satisfaction with their own personal experience. The production, exchange and consumption of tourism products coexist in space. When our tour guides, drivers, scenic spot service personnel, etc. provide services to tourists, it is also when tourists are consuming, and the two are inseparable in terms of time. ( 4 )non-transferability. The tourism resources and tourism facilities relied on by tourism services cannot be transported from the tourist destination to the source of tourists for consumption by tourists, and the transported objects can only be tourists. Tourism products are exchanged without transfer of ownership. In the process of using or consuming, tourists only obtain the temporary right to use tourism products at a specific time and place. (5) Non-storable. The non-storability of tourism products comes from the timeliness of tourism facilities and service labor. Tourism products are different from manufacturing products. If they cannot be sold, they can be stored. If no one buys tourism products, the facilities will be idle, service personnel will temporarily stop working, and the supply of tourism products and services will stop operating. This feature of tourism products determines that tourism destinations and supply departments of tourism products and services should pay special attention to developing tourist source markets and increasing product sales.

Chapter VI Tourism Organization

1. Fill in the blanks

1. The motives of the national government to intervene in tourism development include political motives , economic motives and social motives .

2. The means for the national government to intervene in tourism development include demand management means and supply management means .

3. China's tourism organizations are basically divided into two categories : tourism administrative organizations and tourism industry organizations .

4. China's tourism administrative organizations include the National Tourism Administration , tourism bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government , and local tourism administrative organizations below the provincial level .

5. International tourism organizations are divided into intergovernmental international organizations and non- governmental international organizations .

2. Multiple Choice Questions

1. The world's largest tourism-related global intergovernmental organization is C

A．Universal Postal Union B, World Tourism Organization

C. United Nations D. European Community

2. The only global intergovernmental international tourism organization in the world that comprehensively deals with tourism is A

A. World Tourism Organization B. International Air Transport Association

D. World Health Organization D. Universal Postal Union

3. In what year did China join the World Tourism Organization D

A. 1979 B. 1985

C. 1992 D. 1983

4. One of the largest non-governmental international tourism organizations in the world is B

A. World Tourism Organization B. Federation of World Travel Agency Associations

C. International Air Transport Association D. European Civil Aviation Conference

5. The global civil industry organization with international airlines all over the world as members is A

A. International Air Transport Association B. European Civil Aviation Conference

C. Pacific Asia Travel Association D. World Tourism Organization

3. Explanation of terms

1. National tourism organization: National tourism organization refers to an organization recognized by the national government and responsible for the management of national tourism.

2. International tourism organization: In a narrow sense, an international tourism organization refers to a national international tourism organization whose members come from multiple countries and work and serve the interests of multiple countries. In a broad sense, it also includes those international organizations whose scope of work partially involves international tourism affairs, as well as professional international tourism industry organizations that specialize in certain aspects of tourism affairs.

4. Short answer questions

1. Briefly describe how the economic motives of the government's involvement in tourism are reflected? First, expand the source of foreign exchange income through the development of tourism, thereby improving the country's balance of payments. Second, through the development of tourism, increase the employment opportunities of the nationals, thereby creating conditions for the full employment of the nationals. Third, reduce regional differences through the development of tourism.

2. Briefly describe the basic functions of national tourism organizations? Responsible for the formulation of the overall plan for national tourism development; promotion and promotion of overseas markets; determination and participation in the development of priority tourism areas; nine tourism development issues and coordination with relevant government departments; regulation and control of quality standards and basic prices of tourism services; Investigation and research on development issues, especially the analysis and prediction of future market demand based on the results of investigation and research; development of human resources in the tourism industry, that is, education and training, to meet the needs of the tourism industry for talents at different levels.

3. Briefly describe the purpose of the World Tourism Organization? Promote and develop tourism, and contribute to economic development, international mutual understanding, peace and prosperity, respect for human rights and basic human freedoms of some races, genders, languages ​​and religious beliefs." It is also pointed out in the second point of this article : "To this end, the World Tourism Organization shall give particular attention to the interests of developing countries in tourism. "

5. Essay questions

1. Explain the necessity of state intervention in tourism development? Tourism and tourism products are comprehensive and complex, and it is impossible for a country's tourism policy goals to be realized solely by tourism enterprises' own behavior. State intervention in tourism development is necessary. (1) The need for coordination of contradictions. The tourism industry involves a wide range, and the composition of the tourism industry is comprehensive so that the contradictions in many aspects cannot be resolved automatically, and can only be resolved by government intervention, especially in the coordinated development and coordinated marketing of the entire destination. (2) The need for image building. The significance of the government's intervention and decision-making lies in the establishment of a country or region's tourism image, which is beyond the reach of tourism companies. (3) The need for infrastructure construction. Infrastructure and other public goods are an important part of the overall tourism product of a tourist destination, and these infrastructure and public goods need to be provided by the government. (4) The need for environmental protection. It is necessary for the government to intervene in the tourism industry so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the environment and sustainable development of tourism resources. (5) The need for industry norms. In terms of protecting consumer rights and preventing unfair competition, the government has the responsibility to regulate the tourism industry. (6) The need for social stability. It is necessary for the government to take measures to regulate social behavior, otherwise bad phenomena will spread and endanger social health.

2. Describe the means by which the national government intervenes in the development of tourism? Generally speaking, the main specific means of government intervention in tourism development can be divided into two categories: one is the means of demand management, and the other is the means of supply management. Demand management means : (1) Destination publicity and promotion. (2) Provide information services for visiting tourists. There are three cases: First, to provide convenience for visiting tourists to enrich their experience. Second, influence and control the flow and flow of tourists to prevent traffic congestion and overcrowding in certain local areas. Third, influence the behavior of visiting tourists to maintain local tourism resources and avoid unacceptable cultural conflicts. (3) Affect demand by controlling prices. This impact includes both direct and indirect aspects. (4) Control the inflow of tourists. Supply management means : (1) Control land use. This is the most basic means of controlling tourism supply. Most governments in various countries have urban planning legislation. It is a common method for the government to promote tourism development by formulating land divisions and adopting compulsory purchase methods. (2) Control the building. This method is often used in conjunction with land use control. The content of the control includes the size, height, shape and color of the building and the arrangement of the parking lot. The arrangement of the parking lot is an important content that cannot be ignored. (3) Market regulation. The government can control and standardize the market behavior of tourism enterprises through legislation and regulations. (4) Implement special taxation. Some countries or regions impose a tourist tax on visiting tourists. (5) Investment incentive policies. It can be roughly divided into three categories: preferential policies related to reducing the amount of investment; preferential policies related to reducing operating costs; policies related to ensuring investment security.

Chapter VII Tourism Market

1. Fill in the blanks

1. The outstanding characteristics of the domestic tourism performance of urban residents in China are ___high travel rate__ and ___high consumption level__ .

2. In the Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan markets, __Hong Kong____ is the focus of the overseas marketing work of the tourism industry in the mainland of China.

3. In the sense that the tourism market is the frequent buyer and potential buyer of tourism products, the tourism market refers to the tourism demand market or ____________ tourist source market .

4. According to China's current technical definition of visiting international tourists, the international tourist source of China's tourism industry consists of three parts: foreigners, overseas Chinese _________, and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.

5. According to the development status of tourism around the world and the concentration of international tourist sources, the World Tourism Organization divides the world's international tourism market into six major markets according to geographical regions, namely _ _African market_________, ___American market_ ​​_______ , East Asia and Pacific Market, __European Market_ ​​________, Middle East Market and South Asian Market.

2. Multiple Choice Questions

1. The top 15 international tourism spending countries are mainly distributed in ABD

A Europe B America C South Asia D East Asia Pacific

2. China's tourism industry's largest source of international tourists is C

A USA B Korea C Japan D UK

3. All the activities of the tourism industry or tourism enterprises in a country or region to obtain and maintain markets for their products and to ensure that their products are pushed to these markets are called _ _B_ ______ .

A tourism market B tourism marketing C tourism promotion D tourism sales

4. According to the division of the seven major international tourism regions, __ _D__ ______ ranks third in generating tourists .

A Europe B Africa C Americas D East Asia and the Pacific

5. Among the following standards for dividing the tourism market, the macro standard is ______ _D__ _____.

A Tourist gender B Tourist form C Tourist socioeconomic characteristics D City administrative division

3. Explanation of terms

1. Tourism market: In a broad sense, the tourism market refers to the sum of various economic phenomena and economic relations reflected in the exchange of tourism products. The tourism market in a narrow sense refers to the actual buyers and potential buyers of tourism products. The tourism market refers to the tourism demand market or tourist source market.

2. Market segmentation: refers to the process of decomposing or dividing an overall market into different consumer groups according to one or some characteristics of consumers

4. Short answer questions

1. In the total number of international tourist arrivals in the world, why does short-distance international tourism account for the overwhelming proportion? The cost of traveling to neighboring countries or countries with close destinations is small, the time required is short, the entry procedures are simple and the transportation is convenient, and the living habits and cultural traditions are close

2. What problems do you think exist in the competition of my country's tourism industry in the international tourist source market? , (1) my country's geographical location is far away from most of the world's major international tourist sources (2) Tourist destinations far from major tourist source countries are most vulnerable to the economic crisis and rising world oil prices (3) my country's tourism Product development and quality issues (4) Market publicity and overseas promotion needs to be improved.

3. Briefly answer the basic rules of the global international tourist flow. In the world's international tourism, short-distance overseas travel, especially to neighboring countries, has always accounted for a large proportion. Calculated by the number of tourists, this kind of short-distance overseas travel accounts for nearly one hundred of the world's international tourists. 80/80. The reasons for this are: the low cost of such tours; the ease of entry procedures and transport; and the low number of obstacles. In terms of the distribution of flow trends, especially in terms of long-distance international tourism, from the 1950s to the present, Europe and the United States have been the most important source and destination of international tourists in the world, and these two regions are mutually important sources of tourists place and destination. With the continuous development of society and economy in the Asia-Pacific region, the status of this region in the world's international tourism has increased rapidly.

5. Essay questions

Discuss the general situation of my country's domestic tourism market. The Pearl River Delta region centered on Guangzhou and its adjacent markets (including Guangxi and Hainan) 1) The region with the fastest tourism development. 2) The areas with the most tourist spending in the country. The lower reaches of the Yangtze River centered on Shanghai and its adjacent markets (including Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Anhui) 1) Developed urban tourism. 2. A "metropolitan tourism circle" centered on Shanghai, Hangzhou, Nanjing, Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, Zhenjiang, Ningbo, Shaoxing, Huzhou, Wenzhou, Hefei, Wuhu and other cities. 2) The market size is large. This region accounts for more than 20 of the top 100 travel agencies in the country. Foreign exchange earning accounts for 1/5 of the country's total. The number of outbound tourism and domestic tourism accounts for nearly 1/5 of the country. 3. The overall income level of residents in the lower reaches of the Yellow River centered on Beijing and Tianjin and its adjacent markets (including Shandong, Hebei, Henan, and Shaanxi) is lower than that of Guangdong, Jiangsu, and Zhejiang . Therefore, in terms of the size of the market source of tourists, the number of tourists is only equivalent to 1/8 of the number of tourists in the country, and it is equivalent to 1/10 of the country in terms of income.

Chapter 8 The Impact of Tourism

1. Fill in the blanks

1. As far as tourists are concerned, the most important objective factors affecting tourism demand are income level and leisure time .

2. Tourism multiplier is a coefficient used to measure the impact of unit tourism consumption on various economic phenomena in tourism receiving areas.

3. In 1987, the United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development published a research report entitled "Our Common Future". Formally put forward the concept of sustainable development .

2. Multiple Choice Questions

1. A comprehensive understanding of the subjective and objective factors that affect tourism has certain practical significance for the development of tourism, especially the __ _C_ ___ work of tourism.

A product positioning B price setting C marketing D sales channels

2. In the 1980s, tourism research entered a higher theoretical level and rose to the stage of exploring the essence of tourism phenomenon _A _____.

A connotation substance B social impact C economic characteristics D environmental impact

3. Tourism environment carrying capacity mainly includes ABCD

A ecological carrying capacity B social carrying capacity C economic carrying capacity D psychological carrying capacity of residents and tourists

3. Explanation of terms

1. Balance of payments: The total income and expenditure of a country's economic exchanges with other countries within a certain period of time (usually one year).

2. Sustainable development . Meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

4. Short answer questions

1. Short answer the impact of tourism activities on the economic development of the destination. The beneficial effect of tourism on the national economy: (1) It can increase foreign exchange income and balance the balance of payments; (2) Help the return of currency; (3) Increase the economic income of the destination; (4) Drive the development of related industries; (5) Increase government taxation; (6) Balance regional economic development and narrow regional differences; (7) Increase employment opportunities. The adverse effects of tourism on the national economy: (1) excessive reliance on tourism will bring instability to the national economy; (2) may cause foreign exchange leakage; (3) may cause inflation; (4) affect the industrial structure Adverse effects may occur; (5) Blind investment and poor management, resulting in waste of human, material and financial resources.

2. Short answer the impact of tourism activities on the social culture of the destination. The positive impact of tourism on social culture : (1) helps to improve national quality; (2) helps to promote the protection and development of national culture; (3) promotes the improvement of national quality and quality of life; (4) enhances international understanding , to promote world peace and development; (5) to help promote the exchange and development of science and technology. Negative impacts of tourism on social culture: (1) Bad "demonstration effect"; (2) Interfering with the lives of residents at the destination; (3) Improper commercialization of local culture.

3. Short answer the impact of tourism activities on the destination environment. The positive impact of tourism on the environment: (1) maintain, restore and rehabilitate historical buildings and monuments; (2) increase the number of leisure and entertainment venues and related facilities; (3) increase the number of roads, transportation and other infrastructure (4) enhance the awareness of ecological and environmental protection of the whole people; (5) help to speed up the pace of environmental governance and promote the construction of ecological environment. Negative impacts of tourism on the environment: (1) Decrease local water and air quality, and increase noise; (2) Increase population density and traffic congestion, resulting in relatively reduced living space for local residents; (3) A large number of tourists visit, Destroying the original features of historical sites and even threatening their existence; (4) Large-scale tourism activities aggravate the damage to the natural environment and ecosystem; (5) The lack of planning for the construction of tourist reception facilities destroys the original natural landscape .

4. Short answer on the meaning and basic content of sustainable development. Concept: It refers to maintaining and enhancing future development opportunities while meeting the various needs of contemporary tourists and residents of tourist destinations. Its essence is to require tourism to be integrated with nature, society, culture and human living environment to coordinate and balance The relationship between each other, to achieve the unity of economic development goals and social development goals. Basic content: satisfaction of needs, environmental constraints, equality.

fill in the blank

1. The essential attribute of tourism is aesthetics , and it is the most critical factor that determines the value of tourism itself

2. The aesthetic, entertainment and leisure attributes of tourism are mainly manifested in the aspects of tourism purpose, time and space adjustment and activity structure , etc.

3. The communication form of tourism has the advantages of the centralized communication mode and the full-channel communication mode at the same time .

4. The World Tourism Organization puts forward a slogan with the theme of peace, freedom, friendship, development and promotion every year to reflect the development function of tourism.

5. The status of tourism in the national economy, especially the role in balancing international income relations , has begun to attract people's attention and attention

6. In 1922, at the request of the American Hotel Association, Cornell University established the 4-year School of Hotel Management , which is a pioneering work.

7. Human migration activities are all out of the need to seek survival, and its compulsion and survival all show that they do not belong to tourism activities in the current sense.

8. In 1490 BC, Queen Joset visited the Ponte area, which was the first travel activity in the world for the purpose of peaceful sightseeing.

9. The famous Greek historian Herodotus is known as the father of travel literature .

10. Travel and tourism during the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties were mainly travel literature and religious tourism .

11. Lu You combined scene description, lyricism and discussion into one furnace, and created the diary-style travel notes for the first time , which had a great influence on later travel literature.

12. The father of the railway is George Stevenson .

13. In the comprehensive development period of China's tourism industry, system reform is characterized by enterprise, diversification and openness

14. Traditional psychology usually divides human temperament into four types: sanguine, choleric, phlegmatic, and melancholic.

15. Tourism object is a general term for all affairs that motivate people to travel and induce people to travel. It includes tourism resources and tourism facilities .

1. Multiple-choice questions: There are 30 sub-questions in this major topic, each with 2 points, totaling 60 points. Only one of the four options given in each question meets the requirements of the question, and the letters before the selected option are placed in brackets after the question.

1. The medium of tourism activity is

A．tourism resources b. tourist traffic c. tourism promotion D. tourism

2. Modern tourism is not purely traveling in mountains and rivers, but is used as a form and means of education, trade, cultural exchanges and other activities, which shows the importance of modern tourism.

A．comprehensive b. PopularityC. mass D. social

3. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius led dozens of followers and disciples to travel around the world, which belongs to the ancient Chinese travel form.

A．Royal parade b. political lobbying c. academic visit d. Scholars roam

4. In 1927, China Travel Service, the earliest tourism organization in China, was founded by

A．Chen Guangfu B．Huang Yanpei C．Liu Yazi D．Zhang Tuzhao

5. Taking the method of providing funding from government agencies, work units, trade unions and social groups to organize employees to travel and vacation, this is the so-called

A．social tourism b. Public travel C. mass tourism d. Incentive Travel

6. A tourist is a person who leaves his usual place of residence to visit a foreign country for more than 24 hours, but does not include

A．A person who does business B. employment immigrant

C．People who study for a short period of time D. people visiting relatives and friends

7. According to the income elasticity coefficient theory of tourism consumption, experts from the World Tourism Organization believe that when the economic income of residents reaches the critical income of tourism, tourism consumption will increase for every 1967 increase in economic income.

A．1.1% B．1.5％C．1.9％D．2.1％

8. Tourists who are cautious in thought, happy and relaxed in action, and like to move in a familiar atmosphere belong to the psychological type of tourists.

A．egocentric b. Nearly egocentric C. Polycentric D. near polycentric

9. The number of trips is more frequent, less sensitive to travel prices, and requires a higher level of service

A．Recreational tourist b. business traveler

C．Family business type tourist D. freelance traveler

10. "Whether in the city or the country, leisure is important, it provides people with the changing conditions of basic talents ---- the free development of intention, knowledge, sense of responsibility and creativity". This passage is from

A．The Pacific Asia Travel Association Manifesto b . The Recreation Charter

C．The Manila Declaration d. Statutes of the World Tourism Organization

11. The core of the theory of tourism resources is

A．attraction factor b. Diversity factorC. Variation factorD. seasonal factors

12. Any tourist destination will experience the evolution process from prosperity to decline, and the special concept of tourism calls it the

A．life cycle b. development cycle c. historical cycle d. cycle time

13. As far as a specific tourism resource is concerned, it may be very attractive to some tourists, but not very attractive to others, or even not attractive at all, which reflects the degree of attraction of tourism resources.

A．quantitative b. OrientationC . Naturalness D．variability

14. Using transportation to design and connect a number of tourist spots and the reasonable direction of tourist cities for tourists, the tourism industry calls it

A．tourism project b. tourist area c. Tourist area O. travel route

15. Service with a smile, warm and thoughtful, patient and meticulous, and face-to-face service, which reflects the essence of tourism services.

A．directness b. normative c. AdaptabilityD. artistry

16. In the star rating of foreign-related hotels in our country, the rating of three-star hotels is determined by

A．Evaluation by tourism bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government

B．Rated by China National Tourism Administration Star Rating Agency

C．Provincial and municipal tourism bureaus or national tourism bureaus can be evaluated

D．由省市旅游局初评后，报国家旅游局确认

17．潜在旅游需求向现实旅游需求转化的基本条件是

A．旅游动机的产生 B．外部环境的刺激

C．文化教育的普及 D．个人收入的增多

18．旅游业供求平衡包括三个方面，其中旅游产品可供量与社会购买力相适应是

A．供需效应上的平衡 B．供需质量上的平衡

C．供需数量上的平衡 D．供需可比量的平衡

19．旅游经营者必须采取有效的经营策略，促使旅游者向特定的旅游供给流动，形成适应市场需求的旅游供给。这就是旅游市场中旅游需求的

A．整体性 B．指向性 C．高弹性 D．季节性

20．旅游产品实质上是一种综合性的群体产品,其核心内容是

A．景点 B．食宿 C．交通 D．服务

21．被人们称之为“风景名胜”出口的旅游业，较之其它行业创汇的特殊功能是

A．循环销售 B．综合销售。C．连锁销售 D．集团销售

22．制定旅游政策必须从实际出发，又要高于实际，并能展望未来的发展趋势。这表现了游政策的

A．可行性 B．协调性 C．全面性 D．预见性

23．豪华饭店时期的代表人物是

A．美国人希尔顿 B．法国人李兹

C．英国人查尔斯 D．德国人哈尔林

24．为一定的旅游地或旅游企业扩大客源和增加旅游消费而进行的一系列信息传递和情报通活动，称之为

A．旅游咨询 B．旅游公共关系

C．旅游广告 D．旅游宣传

25．人们外出旅游最关注的是

A． 旅游景点 B．服务质量 C．旅游供给 D．旅游安全

26．影响旅游市场竞争胜负的决定性因素是

A． 旅游产品 B．旅游营销 C．旅游服务 D．旅游价格

27．衡量一个国家或地区旅游发展水平的标准是旅游

A． 投资数量 B．消费结构 C．服务质量 D．污染程度

28．按西餐传统习惯，用餐前刀叉摆放应为

A．刀叉一并于右 B．刀叉一并于左

C．左刀右叉 D．左叉右刀

29．与初次见面的女士握手，应仅握其手的

A． 1／2 B．1／3 C．1／4 D．1／5

30．世界旅游组织宣布每年的旅游日是

A.5月18日 B．7月15日 C．9月27日 D．11月5日

二、填空题：本大题共15个小题，30个空，每空1分，共30分。把答案填在题中横线上。

31．旅游是社会经济发展到一定阶段的产物，社会生产力的 决定了各个时代旅游的___发展水平规模____ 、_______内容和方式。

32．近代旅游业的创始人托马斯·库克于_______ 年举办世界上第一次团体包价旅游；于_______年开办旅行代理业务；于_______ 年正式成立托马斯·库克父子旅游公司。

33．“观国之光”一语出自《_______》，这便是“观光”一词的由来。

34．旅游资源的价值在量化方面的唯一表现是_______ 。

35．旅游资源的价值大小取决于其本身固有的_______及其_______ 这两者的结合情

况。

36．评价旅游资源的价值，要论证其_______价值、_______价值和_______价值。

37．旅游业存在和发展的根本基础是_______。

38．在正式社交场合中的次序和席位，一般以_______为上、为尊；下车、下楼梯尊者在_______.

39．世界三大宗教的创始人，基督教是；伊斯兰教是；佛教是_______.

40．The social culture closely related to tourism includes the following four parts; namely, _______, _______ and material culture.

41．Because the development of tourism has caused damage to the environment of the tourist receiving country or region and has a negative impact on social culture, the tourism industry calls it _______.

42．my country's foreign affairs reception etiquette stipulates that drinking should not exceed the _______ of one's alcohol capacity.

43．Professional ethics are the _______ principles and _______ norms that people engaged in a certain profession should follow in their professional activities.

44．With the development of the economy and the improvement of people's living standards, my country's tourism industry has developed into a stage where _______ tourism, _______ tourism and _______ tourism develop together.

45．The International Civil Aviation Organization [ICAD] has its headquarters in _______, _______ (country name).

2. Answers to fill in the blanks: 1 point for each blank, 30 points in total.

31．Development level and scale 32.18411845186533. Book of Changes 34．Number of visitors attracted 35. Quality location 36. Scientific Investigation of History, Culture and Art Appreciation

37．Tourism resources 38. Right rear 39．Jesus Muhammad Shakyamuni 40．Spiritual culture, normative culture, intelligent culture 41. Tourism pollution 42. one third

43．Ethical behavior 44. Entry and exit 45．Montreal, Canada

3. Short-answer questions: There are 5 sub-questions in this major question, each with 8 points, and a total of 40 points.

46．Briefly describe the task of tourism research.

．1) Clarify the essence and social nature of tourism, and reveal the relationship between the generation and development of tourism activities and social and economic development. (2 minutes)

2) Study the basic elements of tourism activities and the relationship between them. (1 point)

3) Study the essence, structure and organization of tourism, correctly understand the relationship between tourism and other industries, the internal structure of tourism and the functions and functions of various departments. (2 minutes)

4) To study various social effects produced by tourism activities and tourism. (1 point)

5) Clarify the significance of tourism administrative organization and tourism policy and the decision-making process of national tourism management and tourism policy, and reveal various social factors and scientific basis for the formation of national tourism policy. (2 minutes)

47．Explain the impact of industrial revolution on the emergence and development of tourism.

1) Accelerated the process of urbanization, resulting in the need for residents to return to nature, and the number of people traveling abroad has increased. (2 minutes)

2) Changed the nature of people's work. The replacement of diverse agricultural labor by the singularity of large-scale machine industrial labor has prompted a strong need to change the working environment. (2 minutes)

3) Brings new changes in class relations. The emergence of the bourgeoisie has expanded the team of traveling abroad. (2 minutes)

4) The advancement of science and technology and the improvement of means of transportation make large-scale crowd movement possible. (2

48．What are the characteristics of family and personal affairs tourists?

．1) Using paid holidays to visit relatives and friends can save personal expenses. (2 minutes)

2) It has the characteristics of family entertainment. (1 point)

3) Lack of freedom to choose travel time and travel destinations. (2 minutes)

4) Careful budgeting for tourism consumption. (2 minutes)

5) Very sensitive to travel prices. (1 point)

49．A Brief Analysis of the Basic Principles of Tourism Publicity

1) Principle of authenticity (1 point). Tourism promotion must convey true and reliable information. (1 point)

2) The principle of pertinence (1 point). Tourism promotion must target tourists from different regions and classes, and carry out targeted promotion in order to receive better results. (1 point)

3) The principle of diversification (1 point). Tourism publicity should not only diversify the content of the publicity, but also adopt different forms of publicity and widen publicity channels to achieve repeated publicity and stimulate tourists' travel motivation. (1 point)

4) Economic principles (1 point). That is to spend less money, do more things, spend a little money and make a lot of money. (1 point)

50．Briefly describe the role of tourism in improving regional economic level and narrowing regional differences.

1) Provide employment opportunities for local residents. (1 point)

2) Increase local taxation or fiscal revenue. (1 point)

3) Promoting local infrastructure construction is conducive to improving people's living standards. (2 minutes)

4) Provide conditions for the development of tourism-related industries. (1 point)

5) Promote the development of local diversification and promote the production of agricultural and sideline products. (1 point)

6) Introduce foreign capital, carry out economic exchanges and cooperation (2 points)

4. Essay question: The full score of this question is 20 points.

51．Discuss the role of hotels in tourism and the development trend of management. Essay question answer points: The full score of this question is 20 points.

(1) Function

1) The hotel is the base that provides accommodation, entertainment and services to tourists; (2 points)

2) The restaurant is an important place for people to socialize; (2 points)

3) The hotel is an important symbol of a country or region's reception capacity; (3 points)

4) Restaurants are important providers of employment opportunities. (2 minutes)

(2) The development trend of business management

1) Hotel equipment and facilities are more popular, and the requirements for management level and service quality are getting higher and higher. (2 minutes)

2) Due to fierce market competition, housing prices tend to decrease relatively. (2 minutes)

3) The restaurant develops in a multi-functional direction and is open to the society, becoming the center of local social activities. (2 minutes)

4) Hotel construction pays more attention to national characteristics and local styles. (3 points)

5) Group joint operation. (2 minutes)

multiple choice questions

1. Yugoslavia said that tourism is "passport to world peace" and "scenery export industry". B

A. Germany B. Czech Republic

C. Italy D. Spain

2. Our country has clear regulations on the registered capital of travel agencies and the quality assurance deposit that should be paid. The correct statement below is P163C

A. The registered capital of an international travel agency shall not be less than RMB 1 million

B. Those who operate outbound tourism business should pay RMB 1.5 million

C. The registered capital of a domestic travel agency shall not be less than RMB 300,000

D. The quality assurance deposit that domestic travel agencies should pay is RMB 150,000

3. Railway transportation occupies an important position in economically developed countries. Some people call this period the golden age of railways. P182A

A. The second half of the 19th century to the 1920s

B. 20th century 1920s to 1970s

C. 1780s to 1840s

D. 1720s to 1770s

4. The "International Maritime Safety Convention" allows ocean-going cargo ships to carry no more than one passenger. P185B

A.10 B.12 C.15 D.8

5. According to the shape, the cables can be divided into suspension bridges, climbing cables, ziplines and swinging ropes. The following are climbing cables. P191B

A. Luding Iron Cable Bridge B. Huashan Iron Cable Bridge

C. Dujiangyan Iron Chain Bridge D. Jiangyin Bridge

6. It is the fundamental criterion for evaluating tourism resources (p116) C

A. Diversity B. Uniqueness

C. Attractiveness D. Comprehensiveness

7. When developing tourism resources, the first problem to be solved is . (P121)A

A. Transportation B. Accommodation

C. Infrastructure D. Entertainment facilities

8. The Swiss , as outstanding operators of luxury hotels, set the luxury standards of the hotels to such an extent that even today's ordinary working-class tourists are unable to care about them. (P199)B

A．Statra B. Leeds

C. Wilson D. Lipsis

9. The headquarters of the World Tourism Organization is located in D

A. Havana B. Paris

C. Bangkok D. Madrid

10. On October 5, 1983, China was accepted as the first official member state D

A.103 B.104 C.105 D.106

Indefinite multiple choice questions

1. According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, people's needs can be reflected in tourism . CDEs

A. Physiological needs B. Safety needs C. Social needs

D. Respect needs E. Self-actualization needs

2. Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States were the first to conduct comparative and systematic research on tourism activities. (P18) QE

A. Italy B. Spain C. China

D. France E. Austria

3. The main forms of travel and tourism in the Zhou Dynasty were . P40ACD

A. Emperor parade B. Scholars roaming C. Political travel

D. Business travel E. Religious travel

4. When analyzing the psychological characteristics of tourism, tourists who are comfortable and well-off generally prefer P90 ACD

A. Like to visit the familiar environment of the city B. Pursue adventure and exploration, the plot is tense

C. Longing for sunshine and sea water, romantic atmosphere D. Requires complete tourist facilities

E. Like to make new friends F. Be active

5. Facilities related to tourists include tourist facilities and public facilities, among which tourist facilities include AE

P166

A. Tourism and entertainment facilities B. Transportation facilities

C. Building facilities D. Energy supply system

E. Tourism service facilities

6. According to the content and nature of tourism activities, we divide tourism motivation into P92 . ABDE

A. Economic motivation B. Cultural motivation C. Communication motivation

D. Social motivation E. Physical and mental motivation F. Shopping motivation

7. In the mid-1960s, a British travel consulting company studied the factors affecting travel demand and concluded that the following social factors had a positive impact on travel propensity, including ABEF

P81

A. Income B. Paid holidays C. Age of head of household

D. Life cycle E. Education of head of household F. Occupation of head of household

8. Travel agencies in developed countries are divided into different types. ADE

A. Travel wholesaler B. Domestic travel agency C. International travel agency

D. Tour operator E. Travel retailer

9. A scientific tourism policy whose content roughly includes P344 : ACDEF

A. Goal B. Implementation C. Environment

D. Subject E. Strategies and programs F. Timing

10. The components of the tourism market include P224ABDE

A. Travel consumers B. Travel products C. Travel suppliers

D. Sales E. Price F. Tourist facilities

Mock test papers, reference answers and scoring criteria

Question 1

Applicable classes:

Note: 1. Fill in the school (department), major, class, name and admission ticket number on the seal of the test paper.

2. The total test time is 100 minutes.

Question number

one

two

three

Four

five

six

seven

total

Partner's signature

Fraction

15

10

10

10

30

12

13

100

Score

examiner

Score

1. Explanation of terms (there are 5 sub-questions in this question, 3 points for each sub-question, 15 points in total)

1. Tourist flow:

2. Six-character and seven-standard method:

3. Tourism:

4. Tourism product development:

5. Tourism market segmentation:

examiner

Score

2. Fill in the blanks (1 point for each blank, 15 points in total)

1. The six elements of tourism include food, travel, travel, travel, shopping, travel .

2. The most famous work of the historian Herodotus in ancient Rome is .

3. The characteristics of tourism experience include , high participation and personal experience, value and quality .

4. The three major benefits in the three-three-six evaluation method refer to the social benefits after tourism development .

5. In China, travel agencies, tourism transportation and tourism are usually called the three pillars of the tourism industry.

6. The types of tourist commodities include tourist souvenirs, local products, and souvenirs .

7. The overall tourism product consists of four aspects: tourism resources, tourism, tourism routes, and tourism services.

examiner

Score

3. Multiple choice questions (10 sub-questions in total, 10 points in total)

1. ( )Travel refers to non-utility travel activities carried out for entertainment and enjoyment of the value of life.

A. Leisure travel B. Pleasure travel C. Self-help travel D. Wild travel

2. Divided by ( ), modern tourism can be divided into domestic tourism, international tourism, intercontinental tourism, global tourism, etc.

A. tourist destination B. tourist area C. organizational form D. content of tourist activities

3. American scholar Stanley Palog classified human psychology, among which ( ) is characterized by cautious thinking and worrying, not adventurous, comfortable and relaxed, less active, and likes familiar environments and atmospheres.

A. Egocentric B. Polycentric C. Intermediate D. Near egocentric

4. The core of tourism experience is ( ).

A. Emotional B. Entertainment C. Comprehensive D. Participation

5. Which of the following is not a promotion method for tourism products is ( ).

A. Publicity materials B. Marketing public relations C. Sales promotion D. Tourist route design

6. The time when the big hotel appeared was ( ).

A. Before the end of the 18th century B. From the end of the 18th century to the end of the 19th century C. Early in the 20th century D. After World War II

7. The ( ) of tourism products is the key factor for the attractiveness of tourism destinations.

A. Form B. Quality C. Content D. Features

8. At present, my country's third largest source of inbound tourists is ( ).

A. Great Britain B. South Korea C. Japan D. Russia

9. The World Tourism Organization has designated ( ) as World Tourism Day.

A. August 25th B. September 25th C. August 27th D. September 27th

10. my country's tourism management system belongs to ( ) type.

A. Combination of Ministry of Tourism and Ministry of Environment B. Combination of Ministry of Tourism and Ministry of Culture

C. The tourism bureau is set up within the Ministry of Industry and Commerce D. The Ministry of Tourism (bureau) is set up separately

examiner

Score

4. Multiple-choice questions (5 sub-questions in total, 10 points in total)

1. The fundamental driving force of modern tourism is ( ).

A. Compensation for deficiency B. Self-actualization C. Basic human needs D. Recreation

2. ( ) in ancient Greece was a world-famous religious resort at that time.

A. Aegean Sea B. Mount Olympus C. Delphi D. Delos

3. To apply for the establishment of a travel agency, the following conditions should be met: ( ).

A. Have a fixed place of business B. Have a registered capital of not less than 250,000 yuan

C. Have the necessary business facilities D. Have a registered capital of not less than 300,000 yuan

4. Impression series launched by Zhang Yimou, including ( ).

A. "Impression of Liu Sanjie" B. "Impression of Lijiang" C. "Impression of West Lake" D. "Dream of Tang Dynasty"

5. The form of tourism product portfolio is ( ).

A. Regional combination form B. Thematic combination form C. Tourist combination form D. Dynamic and static combination form

examiner

Score

5. Short answer questions (6 small questions in total, 30 points in total)

1. What is the task of tourism research? (6 points)

2. What are the characteristics of a business traveler? (4 points)

3. What is the important role of tourism resources in tourism development? (4 points)

4. What are the effects of the hotel industry on the tourism industry? (4 points)

5. What are the issues that should be paid attention to during the development of tourism products? (5 points)

6. What are the problems of my country's tourism industry in the international tourism market? (4 points)

7. What are the characteristics of American tourism education? (3 points)

examiner

Score

6. Essay questions (12 points in total)

What are the positive significance of tourism in economic development?

examiner

Score

7. Case analysis (13 points in total)

At the end of 1999, Wuyi Mountain Scenic Area was recognized by the United Nations as a world natural heritage and a world cultural heritage. In order to protect human heritage, the Wuyishan Municipal Government has recently decided to implement "environmental and ecological closed management", investing 120 million yuan to protect the natural and cultural landscape protection area, the ancient Han city ruins protection area, biodiversity protection area and Jiuqu River in the scenic area. The four protected areas in the core area will undergo a thorough "physical examination and renovation". According to the requirements of closed management, a road around the scenic area is under construction to separate the scenic area from the non-scenic area; after the completion of the road, all foreign vehicles will be prohibited from entering the core protection area and main scenic spots, and tourists will enter the scenic area by electric environmental protection vehicles from the traffic station. . The management committee of the scenic spot has also expanded nearly 600,000 hectares of ecological public welfare forests in the upper reaches of Jiuqu River and Dongxi River, banned wood-burning stoves, promoted biogas, solar energy, and liquefied petroleum gas clean energy, and created smoke-free scenic spots. The construction area of ​​over 140,000 square meters of houses was demolished and relocated, and hundreds of residents in the area were relocated.

Please combine the above content to talk about the understanding of the protective development of tourism resources.

Question 2

Applicable classes:

Note: 1. Fill in the school (department), major, class, name and admission ticket number on the seal of the test paper.

2. The test time is 100 minutes in total.

Question number

one

two

three

Four

five

six

seven

total

Partner's signature

Fraction

15

10

10

10

30

13

12

100

Score

examiner

Score

1. Explanation of terms (there are 5 sub-questions in this question, 3 points for each sub-question, 15 points in total)

1. Tourism flow direction

2. 336 evaluation method:

3. Travel agency:

4. Tourism market:

5. Multiplier effect:

examiner

Score

2. Fill in the blanks (1 point for each blank, 10 points in total)

1. The basic elements of tourism are tourism resources and tourism .

2. Masudi, a traveler, has traveled and inspected Egypt, Palestine, India, China and other places .

3. Maslow's hierarchy of needs includes physiological needs, social needs, esteem needs and .

4. The main measures for the protection of tourism resources include legal means, technical means, and means .

5. From the perspective of the relationship between tourism service enterprises and tourists, the tourism industry is divided into three categories: indirect service enterprises and departments, and tourism industry management departments.

6. As of January 2005, one of China's natural and cultural heritages has been included in the "World Heritage List".

7. Tourism resources can be roughly divided into two categories: natural tourism resources and tourism resources .

examiner

Score

3. Multiple choice questions (10 sub-questions in total, 10 points in total)

1. Modern tourism refers to the socialized mass tourism that will spread rapidly all over the world after ( ).

A. The Industrial Revolution B. The First World War C. The Second World War D. The 1950s

2. Modern tourism, as a broad social phenomenon, first appeared in ( ) in the 1840s.

A. United States B. United Kingdom C. Germany D. France

3. The early travel guide refers to the book ( ).

A. "Liverpool Travel Manual" B. "Da Tang Western Regions" C. "Xu Xiake's Travel Notes" D. "Golden Grassland"

4. International economic statistics show that: when a country's per capita gross national product reaches ( ) US dollars, there will be an incentive for international tourism; when it exceeds ( ) US dollars, there will be an incentive for intercontinental tourism.

A.1000、3000 B.800、3500 C.1500、3000 D.800、3000

5. ( ) means that people actively participate in an activity in order to acquire certain knowledge and skills, and increase their knowledge during the event.

A. Entertainment experience B. Educational experience C. Escape experience D. Survival experience

6. Which of the following does not belong to cultural scenic spots is ( ).

A. Theme parks B. Museums C. Cultural sites D. Religious sites

7. In the product life cycle development stage, the stage with the most intense market competition is ( ).

A. Investment period B. Growth period C. Maturity period D. Decline period

8. Among the Western European tourist source countries of my country's tourism industry, the second is ( ).

A. France B. Italy C. Germany D. United Kingdom

9. China Tourism Association ( ) was the first tourism industry-wide organization formally announced with the approval of the State Council, and re-registered with the approval of the Ministry of Civil Affairs in ( ).

A. 1986, 2000 B. 1986, 1999 C. 1987, 1999 D. 1987, 2000

10. my country's formal tourism school education began in () years.

A.1985 B.1986 C.1987 D1988

examiner

Score

4. Multiple-choice questions (5 sub-questions in total, 10 points in total)

1. In the West, ancient travel is limited to ( ).

A. is a diplomatic activity; B. religious pilgrimage

C. Doing business D. Traveling is an elegant affair of princes and nobles and literati;

2. Ancient travel activities were mainly active in ( ) and other countries.

A. Ancient Rome B. Ancient China C. Ancient Babylon and Ancient Greece D. Ancient Egypt

3. There are ( ) famous hotel groups in my country.

A. China Travel Service Hotel Corporation and B. Intercontinental Hotel C. Huating Group Hotel Management Company D. Holiday Inn

4. There are ( ) the categories of tourism commodities.

A. Attraction tickets B. Native products C. Tourist souvenirs D. Tourist supplies

5. The characteristics of tourism products are ( ).

A. Commemorative B. Artistic C. Local D. National

examiner

Score

5. Short answer questions (6 small questions in total, 30 points in total)

1. What are the characteristics of ancient human travel? (4 points)

2. What is the law of tourist flow? (6 points)

3. What are the characteristics of modern hotel management? (4 points)

4. What are the functions of tourist traffic? (4 points)

5. What are the problems existing in the development of tourism products in my country at the present stage? (6 points)

6. What are the functions of tourist attractions? (3 points)

7. What is the significance of tourism market segmentation? (3 points)

examiner

Score

6. Essay questions (12 points in total)

Discuss the impact of tourism development on social culture.

examiner

Score

7. Case analysis (13 points in total)

At the end of 1999, Wuyi Mountain Scenic Area was recognized by the United Nations as a world natural heritage and a world cultural heritage. In order to protect human heritage, the Wuyishan Municipal Government has recently decided to implement "environmental and ecological closed management", investing 120 million yuan to protect the natural and cultural landscape protection area, the ancient Han city ruins protection area, biodiversity protection area and Jiuqu River in the scenic area. The four protected areas in the core area will undergo a thorough "physical examination and renovation". According to the requirements of closed management, a road around the scenic area is under construction to separate the scenic area from the non-scenic area; after the completion of the road, all foreign vehicles will be prohibited from entering the core protection area and main scenic spots, and tourists will enter the scenic area by electric environmental protection vehicles from the traffic station. . The management committee of the scenic spot has also expanded nearly 600,000 hectares of ecological public welfare forests in the upper reaches of Jiuqu River and Dongxi River, banned wood-burning stoves, promoted biogas, solar energy, and liquefied petroleum gas clean energy, and created smoke-free scenic spots. The construction area of ​​over 140,000 square meters of houses was demolished and relocated, and hundreds of residents in the area were relocated.

Please combine the above content to talk about the understanding of the protective development of tourism resources.

Reference Answers and Scoring Criteria

Question 1

1. Explanation of terms (there are 5 sub-questions in this question, 3 points for each sub-question, 15 points in total)

This question mainly examines the students' mastery of basic concepts;

Scoring criteria: 3 points for the correct answer to each question. If it is inconsistent with this answer, as long as the description is correct, 3 points will be given. Partial correctness can be given 1 point or 2 points according to the degree of right or wrong. Wrong answer or no answer will be given 0 points. point.

Reference answer:

1. Tourist flow: also known as tourist flow or tourist flow, refers to the phenomenon of collective spatial displacement of tourists caused by the approximation of tourism demand in a region, specifically refers to the flow of tourists from the source to the destination crowd size and flow patterns.

2. Six-character and seven-standard method: six standards are adopted for the tourism resources themselves: beauty (beauty), ancient (long history), name (fame), special (characteristics), strange (novelty), and use (practical). When evaluating the environment of tourism resources, seven criteria are used: seasonality, pollution status, connectivity, accessibility, infrastructure, socio-economic environment, and tourism market.

3. Tourism: A comprehensive industry that relies on tourism resources and tourism facilities to meet the various needs of tourists by providing tourism services.

4. Tourism product development: it is to plan, design, develop and combine tourism resources, tourism routes, tourism facilities, tourism services and tourism souvenirs according to the needs of the target market.

5. Tourism market segmentation: refers to the market classification process of dividing an overall tourism market into several consumer groups according to the differences in tourists' needs, preferences, purchasing behaviors and purchasing habits. A customer group is a market segment.

2. Fill in the blanks (1 point for each blank, 10 points in total)

This question mainly examines students' mastery of basic theories and ability to analyze problems.

Grading:

1. The answers filled in are the same as the standard answers, and 1 point is given for each blank; 0 points are given for wrong or missing answers.

2. The answers filled in are different description methods of the same question (concept, terminology), and if it is considered correct, give 1 point.

Reference answer:

1. Housing and entertainment; 2. "History" 3. Comprehensive and emotional 4. Economic and environmental benefits

5. Hotel 6. Tourist supplies 7. Tourist facilities

3. Multiple choice questions (10 small questions in total, 10 points in total)

This question mainly examines the students' mastery of the basic theory.

Grading:

1. The selected answer is the same as the standard answer, 1 point for each question, 0 points for wrong answers.

Reference answer:

1.B 2.A 3.A 4.D 5.D 6.B 7.D 8.D 9.D 10.D

4. Multiple-choice questions (5 sub-questions in total, 10 points in total)

This question mainly examines students' mastery of basic theories and ability to analyze problems.

Grading:

1. The selected answer is the same as the standard answer, and 2 points are given for each question, and no points are given for more or less choices.

Reference answer:

1.AB 2.BCD 3.ACD 4.ABC 5.ABCD

5. Short answer questions (7 small questions in total, 30 points in total)

This question mainly examines the students' understanding and mastery of basic problems.

Grading:

1. The main points answered are complete, and each question will be given full marks; all mistakes or no answers will be given 0 points.

2. Partially correct can be given points according to the degree of right and wrong, according to the scoring points of the answer.

Questions: 1. What is the task of tourism research? (1 point for each point, 6 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) Clarify the essence and social nature of tourism, and reveal the relationship between the emergence and development of tourism activities and social and economic development.

(2) Study the basic elements of tourism activities and the relationship between them.

(3) Study the characteristics, structure, organization and socio-economic role of tourism. The tourism industry is a comprehensive industry that provides products and services to tourists for their tourism activities.

(4) Study the various effects of tourism activities and tourism.

(5) Clarify the significance of tourism organizations and tourism policies.

(6) Analyze the development prospects of the world and China's tourism industry, and predict the future development trend of tourism

Question: 2. What are the characteristics of a business traveler? (4 points) (1 point for each point, 4 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) Frequent travel, high revisit rate.

(2) Travel is not subject to seasonal restrictions.

(3) Little or no freedom of choice.

(4) High requirements on service quality and insensitive to price.

Question: 3. What is the important role of tourism resources in the development of tourism industry? (1 point for each point, 4 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) The basis and premise of tourism activities

(2) Intrinsic motivation to stimulate tourism demand

(3) An important part of tourism products

(4) The characteristics of tourism resources control the cycle of tourism activities

Questions: 4. What are the effects of the hotel industry on the tourism industry? (1 point for each point, 4 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) The hotel is an important base for tourists to carry out tourism activities

(2) Hotels are an important sector for generating tourism revenue

(3) The hotel provides direct and indirect employment opportunities for the society

(4) The restaurant is an important place for economic exchange and social interaction

Questions: 5. What are the issues that should be paid attention to during the development of tourism products? (1 point for each point, 5 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) It should fully reflect the national cultural characteristics of a country or region.

(2) To be diversified, multi-variety, and multi-standard, to meet the needs of tourists of all levels,

(3) It should have various functions such as practicability, portability, and publicity.

(4) Establish a brand.

(5) Strengthen the leading role of the government and build a production, information and trading platform for the production and sales of tourism commodities.

Questions: 6. What are the problems of my country's tourism industry in the international tourism market? (1 point for each point, 4 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) The geographical location is far away and the transportation cost is high

(2) Intense competition in the tourism industry of neighboring countries and regions

(3) Development and quality problems of tourism products in my country

(4) Marketing and overseas promotions still need to be improved

Question: 7. What are the characteristics of American tourism education? (1 point for each point, 3 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) The most notable feature of tourism education in the United States is the emphasis on tourism higher education.

(2) Marketization of tourism education

(3) Industry associations play an important role in education

6. Essay questions (12 points in total)

This question mainly examines students' ability to analyze and solve problems.

Grading:

1. If the main points of the answer are complete, 5 points will be given for each small question; 0 points will be given for complete mistakes or no answer.

2. Partially correct can be given points according to the degree of right and wrong, according to the scoring points of the answer.

Question: What are the positive significance of tourism in economic development?

Reference answer: (Key points)

(1) Help increase foreign exchange income and balance the balance of payments (2 points)

(2) It helps to speed up the return of currency (2 points)

(3) Help increase employment opportunities (2 points)

(4) Contribute to poverty alleviation and prosperity through tourism, and narrow regional differences (2 points)

(5) Contribute to improving the investment environment and expanding international cooperation (2 points)

(6) Contribute to the adjustment of regional industrial structure and drive the development of related industries (2 points)

7. Case analysis (13 points in total)

This question mainly examines students' ability to analyze, identify and solve problems.

Grading:

1. If the main points of the answers are complete, 2-5 points are given for each question; 0 points are given for all mistakes or no answers.

2. Partially correct can be given points according to the degree of right and wrong, according to the scoring points of the answer.

Question: At the end of 1999, Wuyi Mountain Scenic Area was recognized by the United Nations as a world natural heritage and a world cultural heritage. In order to protect human heritage, the Wuyishan Municipal Government has recently decided to implement "environmental and ecological closed management", investing 120 million yuan to protect the natural and cultural landscape protection area, the ancient Han city ruins protection area, biodiversity protection area and Jiuqu River in the scenic area. The four protected areas in the core area will undergo a thorough "physical examination and renovation". According to the requirements of closed management, a road around the scenic area is under construction to separate the scenic area from the non-scenic area; after the completion of the road, all foreign vehicles will be prohibited from entering the core protection area and main scenic spots, and tourists will enter the scenic area by electric environmental protection vehicles from the traffic station. . The management committee of the scenic spot has also expanded nearly 600,000 hectares of ecological public welfare forests in the upper reaches of Jiuqu River and Dongxi River, banned wood-burning stoves, promoted biogas, solar energy, and liquefied petroleum gas clean energy, and created smoke-free scenic spots. The construction area of ​​over 140,000 square meters of houses was demolished and relocated, and hundreds of residents in the area were relocated.

Please combine the above content to talk about the understanding of the protective development of tourism resources.

Reference answer:

The protection of tourism resources refers to the use of legal, administrative and technical means to maintain their due value and use value, so as to prevent the harm caused by various natural and human factors.

(1) Administrative management means (6 points)

The competent departments and units related to tourism resources should raise awareness, put resource protection in a strategic position related to the sustainable development of tourism and the well-being of future generations, adhere to resource-saving tourism management methods, and take various measures to effectively strengthen management and protection. The main measures are:

First, formulate a sound management system, clarify the responsibilities of management personnel and professional technical personnel, implement various management and protection measures, conduct regular or irregular inspections, criticize and educate or punish violations, and pursue legal responsibilities; In order to better develop and protect the scenery of Wuyi Mountain, the Wuyishan Municipal Government has implemented "environmental and ecological closed management" and adopted legal means to develop the scenic spot in a protective manner.

Second, train management, professional technology and reception personnel, and continuously improve their professional knowledge of the tourism resources under their jurisdiction and the technical level of "prevention" and "treatment";

(2) Technical means (4 points)

"Physical inspection and renovation" will be carried out on the protected area. At the same time, after the environmental zone road is completed, foreign vehicles can be prohibited from entering the core protected area, and tourists can enter the scenic spot through environmentally friendly vehicles. At the same time, 600,000 hectares of ecological public welfare forests have been expanded in scenic spots, and a series of policies have been introduced to create smoke-free scenic spots.

(3) Educational means (1 point)

The construction area of ​​over 140,000 square meters of houses was demolished and relocated, and hundreds of residents in the area were relocated.

All in all, the protection of tourism resources should adopt the policy of focusing on prevention, supplementing treatment, and combining prevention and control. The protection of tourism resources is not only the responsibility of tourism resources management departments and units, but also the obligation of every citizen in society, including domestic and foreign tourists.

Question 2

1. Explanation of terms (there are 5 sub-questions in this question, 3 points for each sub-question, 15 points in total)

This question mainly examines the students' mastery of basic concepts;

Scoring criteria: 3 points for the correct answer to each question. If it is inconsistent with this answer, as long as the description is correct, 3 points will be given. Partial correctness can be given 1 point or 2 points according to the degree of right or wrong. Wrong answer or no answer will be given 0 points. point.

Reference answer:

1. Tourism flow direction: refers to the tendency and behavior of tourists in a certain country or region to choose a tourist destination according to their travel motivation, economic ability and leisure time, or the tourist routes that tourists pass through during their travel. .

2. Three-three-six evaluation method: three major values, three major benefits, and six major conditions. The three major values ​​refer to the historical and cultural value, artistic appreciation value, and scientific investigation value of tourism resources; the three major benefits refer to the economic benefits after tourism development , social benefits, and environmental benefits; the six major development conditions refer to the geographical location and traffic conditions where tourism resources are located, the combination conditions of landscapes and regions, the capacity of tourism environments, tourist source markets, investment capabilities, and the difficulty of construction.

3. Travel agency: refers to an enterprise legal person engaged in activities such as soliciting, organizing, and receiving tourists, providing tourists with relevant travel services, and carrying out domestic tourism business, inbound tourism business or outbound tourism business.

4. Tourism market: refers to the sum of various economic behaviors and economic relations reflected in the exchange process of tourism products between tourists and tourism operators.

5. Multiplier effect: An investment or income in a certain industry can not only increase the income of the department, but also have a chain reaction in the entire national economy, which will eventually bring about an increase in national income several times the investment quantity

2. Fill in the blanks (1 point for each blank, 15 points in total)

This question mainly examines students' mastery of basic theories and ability to analyze problems.

Grading:

1. The answers filled in are the same as the standard answers, and 1 point is given for each blank; 0 points are given for wrong or missing answers.

2. The answers filled in are different description methods of the same question (concept, terminology), and if it is considered correct, give 1 point.

Reference answer:

1. Tourists, tourism 2. "Golden Grassland" 3. Safety needs, self-realization needs

4. Administrative management means, educational means 5. Direct service enterprises 6.31 7. Humanistic tourism resources

3. Multiple choice questions (10 small questions in total, 10 points in total)

This question mainly examines the students' mastery of the basic theory.

Grading:

1. The selected answer is the same as the standard answer, 1 point for each question, 0 points for wrong answers.

Reference answer:

1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.C

4. Multiple-choice questions (5 sub-questions in total, 10 points in total)

This question mainly examines students' mastery of basic theories and ability to analyze problems.

Grading:

1. The selected answer is the same as the standard answer, and 2 points are given for each question, and no points are given for more or less choices.

Reference answer:

1.ABC 2.ABCD 3.AC 4.BCD 5.ABCD

5. Short answer questions (7 small questions in total, 30 points in total)

This question mainly examines the students' understanding and mastery of basic problems.

Grading:

1. The main points answered are complete, and each question will be given full marks; all mistakes or no answers will be given 0 points.

2. Partially correct can be given points according to the degree of right and wrong, according to the scoring points of the answer.

Questions: 1. What are the characteristics of human travel in ancient times? (1 point for each point, 4 points in total)

(1) Merchants opened the way of travel

(2) Various travel activities coexist

(3) The number of participants in ancient travel was small, and it does not have the general significance of today

(4) A large number of travelers and travel monographs appeared

(1 point for each question, 5 points in total)

Reference answer:

Questions: 2. What is the law of tourist flow? (1 point for each point, 6 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) Short distance flow dominates

(2) Flow to scenic spots and areas with prominent cultural characteristics

(3) Tourist flows are relatively concentrated between economically developed countries and regions

(4) Gradually transfer to developing countries and regions

(5) Flow from severe cold regions to warm regions or from warm regions to severe cold regions

(6) Flow to political, economic and cultural centers

Questions: 3. What are the characteristics of modern hotel management? (1 point for each question, 4 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) The types of restaurants tend to be diversified

(2) Multifunctional hotel service products

(3) Collectivization of hotel operation and management

(4) Hotel management methods are increasingly scientific

Questions: 4. What are the functions of tourism traffic? (1 point for each question, 4 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) Tourism transportation is the prerequisite for realizing tourism activities

(2) Tourism transportation is an important guarantee for the development of tourist destinations

(3) Tourism transportation is an important source of tourism income

(4) Tourism traffic enriches the content of tourism activities

Questions: 5. What are the problems existing in the development of tourism products in my country at the present stage? (1 point for each point, 6 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) Tourism product design is too single and similar.

(2) The level of tourism product design is low.

(3) The market research link is weak.

(4) Imitation and plagiarism prevail.

(5) The product lacks features.

(6) Indifferent brand awareness.

Questions: 6. What are the functions of tourist attractions? (1 point for each point, 3 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) Scenic spots are the basis for the development of destination tourism

(2) Tourist attractions promote the economic development of destinations

(3) Tourist attractions are windows to shape the image of the tourism industry

Questions: 7. What is the significance of tourism market segmentation? (1 point for each point, 3 points in total)

Reference answer:

(1) Contribute to the selection of the target market

(2) Conducive to targeted product development.

(3) Conducive to targeted promotion.

6. Essay questions (12 points in total)

This question mainly examines students' ability to analyze and solve problems.

Grading:

1. If the main points of the answer are complete, 5 points will be given for each small question; 0 points will be given for complete mistakes or no answer.

2. Partially correct can be given points according to the degree of right and wrong, according to the scoring points of the answer.

Question: Describe the impact of tourism development on social culture.

Reference answer:

(1) The positive effect of tourism on social culture

1. Promote foreign cultural exchanges (1 point)

2. Promote the exchange and development of science and technology (1 point)

3. Improve people's quality of life (1 point)

4. Enhance national self-confidence and pride (1 point)

5. Promote the preservation, revival and development of national traditional culture (1 point)

In addition, tourism, as an important emerging labor-intensive industry, effectively solves the employment problem and makes important contributions to social stability. (1 point)

(2) Negative impact of tourism on social culture

1. Cultural tourism resources have been damaged and damaged to varying degrees (1 point)

2. Cultural traditions are assimilated to the point of disappearing (1 point)

3. Interfering with the normal life of residents at the destination (1 point)

4. Exacerbating social problems in the host area (1 point)

5. The commercialization of tourism culture in the host area is serious (1 point)

In short, the commercialization of the culture of tourist destinations is a necessary requirement for the development of tourism, but when this kind of packaging is overdone, it will inevitably bring heavy damage to the traditional culture of the destination, and this damage is irreparable. As a double-edged sword, although tourism inevitably has some negative impacts on the host area, its effect on the social culture of the host area is generally positive. (1 point)

7. Case analysis (13 points in total)

This question mainly examines students' ability to analyze, identify and solve problems.

Grading:

1. If the main points of the answers are complete, 2-5 points are given for each question; 0 points are given for all mistakes or no answers.

2. Partially correct can be given points according to the degree of right and wrong, according to the scoring points of the answer.

Question: At the end of 1999, Wuyi Mountain Scenic Area was recognized by the United Nations as a world natural heritage and a world cultural heritage. In order to protect human heritage, the Wuyishan Municipal Government has recently decided to implement "environmental and ecological closed management", investing 120 million yuan to protect the natural and cultural landscape protection area, the ancient Han city ruins protection area, biodiversity protection area and Jiuqu River in the scenic area. The four protected areas in the core area will undergo a thorough "physical examination and renovation". According to the requirements of closed management, a road around the scenic area is under construction to separate the scenic area from the non-scenic area; after the completion of the road, all foreign vehicles will be prohibited from entering the core protection area and main scenic spots, and tourists will enter the scenic area by electric environmental protection vehicles from the traffic station. . The management committee of the scenic spot has also expanded nearly 600,000 hectares of ecological public welfare forests in the upper reaches of Jiuqu River and Dongxi River, banned wood-burning stoves, promoted biogas, solar energy, and liquefied petroleum gas clean energy, and created smoke-free scenic spots. The construction area of ​​over 140,000 square meters of houses was demolished and relocated, and hundreds of residents in the area were relocated.

Please combine the above content to talk about the understanding of the protective development of tourism resources.

Reference answer:

The protection of tourism resources refers to the use of legal, administrative and technical means to maintain their due value and use value, so as to prevent the harm caused by various natural and human factors.

(1) Administrative management means (6 points)

The competent departments and units related to tourism resources should raise awareness, put resource protection in a strategic position related to the sustainable development of tourism and the well-being of future generations, adhere to resource-saving tourism management methods, and take various measures to effectively strengthen management and protection. The main measures are:

First, formulate a sound management system, clarify the responsibilities of management personnel and professional technical personnel, implement various management and protection measures, conduct regular or irregular inspections, criticize and educate or punish violations, and pursue legal responsibilities; In order to better develop and protect the scenery of Wuyi Mountain, the Wuyishan Municipal Government has implemented "environmental and ecological closed management" and adopted legal means to develop the scenic spot in a protective manner.

Second, train management, professional technology and reception personnel, and continuously improve their professional knowledge of the tourism resources under their jurisdiction and the technical level of "prevention" and "treatment";

(2) Technical means (4 points)

"Physical inspection and renovation" will be carried out on the protected area. At the same time, after the environmental zone road is completed, foreign vehicles can be prohibited from entering the core protected area, and tourists can enter the scenic spot through environmentally friendly vehicles. At the same time, 600,000 hectares of ecological public welfare forests have been expanded in scenic spots, and a series of policies have been introduced to create smoke-free scenic spots.

(3) Educational means (1 point)

The construction area of ​​over 140,000 square meters of houses was demolished and relocated, and hundreds of residents in the area were relocated.

All in all, the protection of tourism resources should adopt the policy of focusing on prevention, supplementing treatment, and combining prevention and control. The protection of tourism resources is not only the responsibility of tourism resources management departments and units, but also the obligation of every citizen in society, including domestic and foreign tourists.

1. Judgment of right or wrong (according to your judgment, please mark "√" in the brackets after the correct question, and mark "×" for the wrong one. 1 point for each sub-question, 10 points in total)

　　1. Tourist attractions, tourist objects, and tourist media constitute the three basic elements of tourism, which are a unified whole that is interconnected, restricted, and promoted. ( )

　　2. Human tourism activities present seasonal characteristics at the time level, which is the difference between tourism products and other products. ( )

　　3. Tourism is a collection of social, political, economic and other phenomena, and it also reflects the cultural needs of human beings. ( )

　　4. People can use their spare time to engage in tourism activities. Therefore, leisure time constitutes another important objective condition for tourists to realize tourism activities. ( )

　　5. In 2005, the region with the most inbound tourist reception in various regions of China was Guangdong ( )

　　6. Tourism service activities are a kind of supporting activities that tourism services use tourism facilities and means to provide convenience for tourists. It is derived from the tourism industry and includes services provided by travel agencies, tourism transportation, and restaurants. ( )

　　7. Tourism has the characteristics of geographical concentration, which means that tourists always concentrate on traveling during holidays. ( )

　　8. The development of tourism resources must be tailored to local conditions. Proceeding from the reality of tourism resources and acting in accordance with objective economic laws, the purpose is to promote the development of tourism. ( )

　　9. Market-oriented tourism development does not require government intervention and supervision. ( )

10. The composition and characteristics of tourism resources determine the development direction of tourism products and are the source of the overall vitality and competitiveness of tourism resources. ( )

2. Single choice (choose one of the 4 alternative answers for each question, and fill in its serial number in the brackets after the question. 2 points for each question, 20 points in total)

　　1. The first national forest park in my country is: ()

　　A. Zhangjiajie National Forest Park B. Jiuzhaigou National Forest Park

　　C. Wuyishan National Forest Park D. Wuzhishan National Forest Park

　　2. The tourism industry is a comprehensive industry composed of many departments involving multiple elements such as food, housing, transportation, travel, shopping, entertainment, etc., among which ( ) is the most important component, which leads tourists to generate travel motivation and make purchase decisions main factor.

　　A. Tourist facilities B. Tourist services C. Tourist traffic D. Tourist attractions

　　3. The first travel agency in New China to develop international tourism business for foreign tourists is: ( )

　　A. China Comfort Travel Service B. China Youth Travel Service

　　C. China Travel Service D. China International Travel Service

　　4. In the star rating of foreign-related hotels in my country, the rating of three-star hotels is determined by ( ).

　　A. Evaluation by tourism bureaus of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government

　　B. Assessed by China National Tourism Administration Star Rating Agency

　　C. Provincial and municipal tourism bureaus or national tourism bureaus can evaluate

　　D. After the preliminary evaluation by the provincial and municipal tourism bureaus, report to the National Tourism Bureau for confirmation

　　5. The basic condition for transforming potential tourism demand into actual tourism demand is ( ).

　　A. The generation of tourism motivation B. The stimulation of the external environment

　　C. Popularization of culture and education D. Increase in personal income

　　6. The balance of supply and demand in the tourism industry includes three aspects, among which the supply of tourism products is compatible with the purchasing power of the society ( ).

　　A. The balance of supply and demand effects B. The balance of supply and demand quality

　　C. The balance of supply and demand in quantity D. The balance of supply and demand in comparable quantities

　　7. Compared with other industries, the tourism industry, which is called "scenic spot" export, has a special function of earning foreign exchange ( )

　　A. Cycle sales B. Comprehensive sales C. Chain sales D. Group sales

　　8. The formulation of tourism policies must proceed from the reality, but also be higher than the reality, and be able to look forward to the future development trend. This shows the tourism policy ( )

　　A. Feasibility B. Coordination C. Comprehensiveness D. Foresight

　　9. The fundamental basis for the existence and development of tourism is ( )

　　A. Tourism policy B. Tourism organization C. Tourism resources D. Tourism planning

　　10. Which of the following is not the main business of a travel agency ( )

A Product development and design B Tourism management business C Product sales business D Procurement business

3. Multiple choice (among the alternative answers for each question, if there are more than one correct answer, please select them and fill in their serial numbers in the brackets after the question. Wrong choice, multiple choice or less choice are not acceptable. Give points. 3 points for each small question, 15 points in total)

　　1. The methods used to evaluate the environmental effects of tourism can be divided into ( )

　　A. Identification method B. Prediction method C. Valuation method

　　BD Discussion Approach E. System Approach

　　2. The influencing factors of social and cultural effects of tourism are ( )

　　A. Motivation of tourists B. Quality level of destination residents and tourists

　　C. Cultural differences and integration D. Government guidance and government communication

　　E. Nature of destination tourism resources

　　3. There are many methods for investigating tourism resources, and the following are more common in practical applications: ( )

　　A. Direct inquiry method B. Statistical analysis method C. Comprehensive examination method

　　D. Remote sensing method E. Classification and comparison method

　　4. The entrusting party of tourism planning can determine the compiling unit in the following ways: ( )

　　A. Open bidding B. Entrusted bidding C. Invited bidding

　　D. Direct entrustment E. Indirect bidding

　　5. Which of the following aspects are mainly involved in the protection planning of tourist areas: ( )

　　A. Tourism resource protection B. Environmental protection C. Social and cultural protection

　　D. Tourism policy protection E. Tourist safety protection

4. Short answer (11 points per question, 55 points in total)

1. What are the main subjective conditions for tourists to realize tourism activities?

2. Briefly describe the status and role of tourist hotels in the tourism industry.

　　3. What are the main influencing factors of tourism demand?

　　4. Briefly describe the difference between tourism marketing and general marketing.

5. Briefly describe the impact of tourism on the environment.

Reference answers to the mock exam questions at the end of the Introduction to Tourism

1. Judgment of right and wrong

1、╳ 2、√ 3、√ 4、√ 5、√

6、√ 7、╳ 8、√ 9、╳ 10、√

2. Single choice

1、A 2、D 3、D 4、D 5、B

6、A 7、A 8、D 9、C 10、B

3. Multiple choice

1、ABC 2、ABCDE 3、ABCDE 4、ACD 5、ABCE

4. Short answer

1. Answer: (1) Tourism needs. Tourism needs are the comprehensive expression of high-level human needs and the internal driving force for tourism motivation.

(2) Travel motivation. Tourism motivation refers to the inner driving force of tourists to carry out tourism activities in order to meet certain needs, and it is the psychological motivation that urges tourists to carry out tourism activities. Tourism motives are summarized into the following six categories: ①The motive of contacting nature. ②The motivation to pursue physical and mental health. ③ Motivation to seek novelty and knowledge. ④ Motivation to maintain and expand social relationships. ⑤ Motivation for religious affiliation. ⑥Motivation to complete official business tasks.　

2. Answer: The hotel is one of the three pillars of the tourism industry and an important factor in the comprehensive reception capacity of tourism. Its construction status, such as the total number, number of beds, hardware, software level, etc., affects the reception capacity of a country or region. Important indicators. The level of hotel development also reflects the level of tourism development to a certain extent, and plays an important role in the tourism industry.

(1) The hotel is the base for providing services to tourists

(2) The hotel is an important sector that creates tourism revenue and promotes economic development

(3) Restaurants are an important way to create jobs

(4) The level of tourist hotels affects the overall image of local tourist attractions

3. Answer: (1) Socioeconomic level

(2) Social labor productivity

(3) The development of modern technology

The above three points are the main factors affecting tourism demand. In addition, tourism policies and changes in different countries, economic development status of various countries and the resulting changes in a country's currency exchange rate will all have an impact on tourism demand.

4. Answer: Compared with general marketing, tourism marketing has its unique features, mainly in the following aspects:

(1) The product provided in the tourism market is a product mainly based on service elements

(2) Tourists participate in the production process of tourism products

(3) The quality of tourism products is difficult to control

(4) Distribution channels are different from tangible products

(5) More reliance on multi-departmental collaboration

5. Answer:

Positive impact: (1) Conducive to the protection of important natural scenic spots and historical sites

(2) Conducive to improving environmental quality

(3) Conducive to improving the infrastructure conditions of resources

Negative impact: (1) Negative impact of tourism activities on animal populations

(2) Negative impact of tourism activities on the living environment of plants

(3) Damage to tourism resources caused by blind and excessive tourism development

(4) Environmental pollution caused by tourism activities

(5) Building pollution

"Introduction to Tourism" Examination Question A

1. Multiple choice questions (1 point for each sub-question, 20 points in total)

1. Maslow's famous need hierarchy theory proposes that people have five levels of needs, of which the fourth level is ( ).

　　A. Respect needs B. Love needs C. Safety needs D. Self-actualization needs

2. ( ) is the region with the most developed international tourism industry in the world, ranking first in the number of tourist receptions and international tourism income.

A. Europe B. Americas C. East Asia and the Pacific D. South Asia

3. The general law of the development of tourism activities is ( ).

A. Develop inbound tourism first, then domestic tourism B. Develop international tourism first, then domestic tourism　　

C. Develop domestic tourism first, then international tourism D. Simultaneous development of domestic tourism and international tourism

4. The term and slogan of "sustainable development" was formally proposed in ( ) in 1987.

A. The Brundtland Report B. The Sustainability Report

C. "Sustainable Tourism Report" D. "Environmental Development Report"

5. The definition of the Rome Conference divides tourists into tourists and short-distance tourists based on ( ) as the standard.

A. Purpose of visit B. Length of journey C. Number of trips D. Duration of stay

6. ( ) has the characteristics of large carrying capacity, low ticket price, and strong safety in the minds of passengers.

A. Car B. Plane C. Train D. Ship

7. my country promulgated in 1996 ( ) divides travel agencies into international travel agencies and domestic travel agencies.

A. "Travel Agency Management Regulations" B. "Travel Agency Management Interim Regulations"

C. "Travel Agency Business Regulations" D. "Travel Agency Operation Regulations"

8. Thomas Cook started organizing commercial travel in ( ).

A. 1830 B. 1841 C. 1845 D. 1855

9. The tourism industry is a highly dependent industry. The following description of the dependent performance is incorrect ( )

A tourism industry relies on tourism resources B highly relies on travel agencies

C The development of the tourism industry relies on the national economy D The tourism industry relies on the cooperation of relevant departments and industries

10. Modern tourism has developed rapidly since ( ).

A. World War II B. World War I C. Early 19th century D. Early 20th century

11. The world's largest hotel owner, the hotel built by Ellsworth Milton Statler in the United States is the beginning of ( )

A The period of the ancient inn B The period of the hotel C The period of the commercial hotel D The period of the modern hotel

12. Using ( ) to evaluate tourism resources is scientific and practical, and should be the basic method of evaluation.

A. Aesthetic standards B. Social standards C. Historical standards D. Market standards

13. The medium of tourism activities is ( )

A．Tourism resources B. Tourism transportation C. Tourism promotion D. Tourism industry

14. Modern tourism is not purely traveling in mountains and rivers, but is used as a form and means of education, trade, cultural exchanges and other activities.

This shows that modern tourism ( )

A．comprehensive b. PopularityC. mass D. social

15. In the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucius led dozens of followers and disciples to travel around the world, which belongs to the ancient Chinese travel form.

A．Royal parade b. political lobbying c. academic visit d. Scholars roam

16. A tourist is a person who leaves his usual place of residence to visit a foreign country for more than 24 hours, but does not include ( )

A．A person who does business B. Employment immigrant C. People who study for a short period of time D. people visiting relatives and friends

17. According to the income elasticity coefficient theory of tourism consumption, experts from the World Tourism Organization believe that when the economic income of residents reaches the tourism critical

After income, tourism consumption will increase for every 1967 increase in economic income ( )

A．1.1% B．1.5％ C．1.9％ D．2.1％

18. The number of trips is more frequent, less sensitive to travel prices, and the one that requires a higher level of service is ( )

A．Recreational tourist b. business traveler

C．Family business type tourist D. freelance traveler

19. The theoretical core of tourism resources is ( )

A．attraction factor b. Diversity factorC. Variation factorD. seasonal factors

20 Using transportation to design and connect several tourist spots and reasonable directions of tourist cities for tourists, the tourism industry calls it ( )

A．tourism project b. tourist area c. tourist area d. travel route

Score

examiner

2. Fill in the blanks (1 point for each blank, 16 points in total)

1. American tourism scientist Robert W. McIntosh proposed that tourism motivation can be divided into four basic types, namely: _______ motivation, _______ motivation, _______ motivation, status and prestige motivation.

2. Tourists' tourism activities include six elements: food, lodging, travel, _______, _______, _______ and so on.

3. The characteristics of tourism resources are: __________, nature, freedom, __________, timeliness and nationality or culture.

4. IHA is the abbreviation of __________.

5. People usually refer to travel agencies, __________ and transportation as the "three pillars" of the tourism industry.

6. my country joined the World Tourism Organization in 1983 and became the __________ official member of the organization.

7. Among the types of tourism classified according to their purpose, _________ tourists account for the largest proportion.

8. During international tourism, residents of other countries or regions who come to my country to travel are called _________.

9. The slogan of World Tourism Day 2007 is .

10. Modern tourism in tourism research refers to the social tourism activities that have spread rapidly all over the world since World War II, especially since ______ in the 20th century.

3. Noun explanation questions (3 points for each sub-question, 12 points in total)

1. Tourist traffic

2. Tourism resources

3. Tourism

4. Tourism products

4. Short answer questions (4 points per question, 16 points in total)

1. What are the functions of tourism traffic?

2. What positive impact does tourism have on the destination environment?

3. What is the role of tourism promotion?

4. What is the role of tourist hotels in the tourism industry?

Score

examiner

5. Essay questions (16 points)

Please briefly analyze the reasons and background for the rise of modern tourism.

6. Material Analysis Questions (20 points)

"In 2002, my country achieved tourism foreign exchange income of 20.385 billion US dollars, domestic tourism income of 387.8 billion yuan, and total tourism income of 556.6 billion yuan, an increase of 11.43 over the previous year, which was more than 3 percentage points higher than the overall growth rate of the national economy."

"In April 2003, my country's railway passenger traffic fell by 14.7% year-on-year; highway passenger traffic dropped by 6.2% year-on-year; civil aviation passenger traffic dropped by 25.7% year-on-year. In addition, catering, entertainment, and retail also experienced a relatively large decline in April. This year The cumulative export turnover of the Canton Fair was only 4.42 billion U.S. dollars, a decrease of 12.43 billion U.S. dollars compared with the same period last year."

Please combine the above material analysis:

(1) How to correctly view the role of tourism in national economy? (14 points)

(2) Comparing the two paragraphs of text, what do you think is the reason for the strong contrast? What are the countermeasures? (6 points)

"Introduction to Tourism" Examination Question A Answers

1. Multiple choice questions (2 points for each question, 40 points in total)

1、A. 2、B3、C. 4、A. 5、D. 6、C. 7、A. 8、C.9、B 10、A. 11、C 12、A 13、D. 14、D． 15、B 16、B．17、B． 18、B． 19、A． 20 D

2. Fill in the blanks (1 point for each blank, 16 points in total)

1. Body, culture, interpersonal (social interaction) 2. Travel, shopping, entertainment 3. Customer appreciation and regional non-transferability 4. International Hotel Association 5. Tourist hotel 6. 106

7. Sightseeing 8. Inbound tourism 9. Tourism: Open doors for women in the 10s and 60s

3. Noun explanation questions (3 points for each sub-question, 12 points in total)

1. Tourism transportation: It is a kind of social and economic activities generated by providing direct or indirect transportation services for tourists. Transportation facilities and services.

2. Tourism resources: refers to the natural existence, historical and cultural heritage or social phenomena that objectively exist in a certain geographical space and that tourists yearn for because of their aesthetic and reservation value.

3. Tourism industry: a comprehensive industry that relies on tourism resources, takes tourists as the main target, and meets the needs of tourists by providing tourism services.

4. Tourism products: It is a combination of objects and services that are produced or developed for sale to meet the needs of tourists for aesthetics and reservations.

4. Short answer questions (4 points for each question, 16 points in total)

1. What are the functions of tourism traffic? (1 point each)

(1) Tourism traffic is a prerequisite for the emergence and development of tourism. (2) Tourism transportation can promote the rise and development of tourist areas (3) Tourism transportation is an important form of tourism activities, which enriches the content of tourism activities (4) Tourism transportation is an important source of tourism economic income

2. What positive impact does tourism have on the environment of the destination? (1 point for each item)

(1) The development of tourism provides impetus to the protection of natural resources (2) The development of tourism promotes the improvement of environmental quality (3) The development of tourism promotes the protection and restoration of cultural relics and historic sites (4) Tourism The development of the environment provides the necessary financial guarantee for environmental protection

3. What is the role of tourism promotion? ( 1 point each)

(1) Provide information to promote understanding between supply and demand sides (2) Stimulate demand and continuously expand customer source market (3) Self-package and establish a good corporate image (4) Self-discipline and self-improvement to promote the improvement of enterprise management level

4. What is the role of tourist hotels in the tourism industry? (1 point each)

(1) The hotel is an important material basis for the development of tourism (2) The hotel is an important support for tourists to complete tourism activities (3) The hotel is an important place for the country to accumulate construction funds and create foreign exchange income (4) The hotel is a cultural, scientific , an important place for technical exchange and social interaction

5. Essay questions (16 points)

Please briefly analyze the reasons and background for the rise of modern tourism . (2 points each)

1. The rapid growth of the post-war world economy 2. The advancement of transportation tools 3. The advancement of science and technology leads to the increase of leisure time 4. The acceleration of urbanization 5. The change of life concept 6. The improvement of education level has improved people's life Cultural and aesthetic qualities promote the exchange of information 7. Government support and improvement of service conditions 8. Rapid increase in world population

6. Material Analysis Questions (20 points)

(1) How to correctly view the role of tourism in national economy? (14 points)

1. Positive economic effects (1) Increase foreign exchange income and balance the balance of payments

1. Low exchange cost 2. Not subject to general trade protection restrictions 3. Save transportation expenses 4. Less consumption of materials and commodities

(2) Return a large amount of currency (3) Expand employment opportunities (4) Optimize industrial structure (5) Improve investment environment and promote economic development 1. International tourism is a "window" for opening up to the outside world. 2. Tourism provides the necessary material conditions for economic cooperation. 3. Tourism promotes the exchange of scientific and technological personnel and information. 4. The tourism industry itself is an industry that attracts more foreign capital, and it is also an industry that investors are willing to invest in.

2. Negative economic effects (1) The advanced development of tourism transition leads to the imbalance of industrial structure, which ultimately restricts the sustainable development of tourism. (2) Too much reliance on tourism makes the national economy more vulnerable (3) The development of tourism may lead to inflation and land price increases (2) Comparing the two paragraphs, what do you think is the reason for the strong contrast? What are the countermeasures? (6 points)

The highly dependent nature of the tourism industry itself leads to the sensitivity of the tourism industry. Changes in various social factors will have an impact on tourism, and the response is rapid. In April 2003, due to the impact of "SARS", the economic income of various industries in the tourism industry fell sharply. Measures: 1. It is not appropriate for a country or region to rely mainly on tourism for economic development. 2

2. The government should strengthen the macro-control of tourism and related industries.

1. Fill in the blanks

1. China's tourism research ( ), ( ), ( ), so there is still a certain gap between the level of tourism research in China and foreign countries.

2. The research object of tourism is ( ) and ( ) of tourism activities, and its task is to reveal ( ) and its ( ), ( ), and the ( ) produced by it.

3. To become a real discipline, tourism must meet the standards required by the discipline in four aspects: ( ), ( ), ( ) and ( ).

4. Existing disciplines such as management, geography, and economics have made theoretical and conceptual contributions to tourism research, but it is difficult to attribute tourism to any of these disciplines, so tourism is a gate ( ).

5. The basic characteristics of tourism activities are ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ).

2. Explanation of terms

1. Travel

2. Tourism

3. Tourism type

4. International travel

3. Q&A

1. What is the essential attribute of tourism?

2. Briefly describe the main research methods of tourism.

3. What is the content of tourism research?

4. Short answers about the characteristics of sightseeing tourism, holiday tourism, ecotourism, business tourism and conference tourism.

5. Briefly describe the difference between international tourism and domestic tourism.

4. Analysis questions

1. Try to analyze the content and characteristics of the definition of "Esther". Is there any limitation in this definition? What is the narrow definition of tourism?

2. What is the relationship between tourism, travel and migration?

3. Compared with foreign tourism research, what problems exist in China's current tourism research?

Exercise reference answer

1. Fill in the blanks

1. The composition of young disciplines with a short history team is not perfect

2. The nature of internal contradictions. The causes of such contradictions are the morphological structure, the law of movement, and various external influences.

3. Organizational structure, conceptual system, research method (theory) and research norms

4. Interdisciplinary

5. Different places, temporary and comprehensive aesthetics

2. Explanation of terms

1. Tourism is the sum of people's travel and temporary stay in different places for reasons other than immigration and employment, as well as the various phenomena and relationships caused by it.

2. Tourism is a science that studies tourists and their tourism activities, tourism and its service operations, and the impact of both activities on tourist destinations.

3. The type of tourism is divided according to different classification standards according to the differences in the activities of tourists during the travel period. The main types are: sightseeing tourism, holiday tourism, cultural tourism, eco-tourism and so on.

4. It refers to the tourism activities that the residents of one country cross the border to another or several countries to visit. Including the inbound tourism of international visitors and the outbound tourism of domestic residents.

3. Q&A

1. From the perspective of the causes of tourism activities, tourism activities are a kind of spiritual and cultural needs of human beings after the basic survival needs are met, and the essential attributes are cultural attributes. (From the perspective of tourists) From the perspective of the rise of the tourism industry, the reason why people operate and develop tourism is driven by economic interests, and tourism can generate huge economic benefits. Therefore, in this sense, tourism is an economic phenomenon with essential attributes It is economical; (from the perspective of tourism operators) during the tourism activities, tourists will not create any external materials for consumption, on the contrary, they will devour the previous savings of tourists and the fruits of labor of others. Therefore, tourism is undoubtedly a consumption behavior. (tourists' perspective); tourism is a leisure activity; tourism is closely related to politics. The performance is as follows: (1) The relationship between countries is the prerequisite for the realization of outbound tourism; (2) A stable political environment is another prerequisite for the development of tourism. (3) Tourism, as a communication activity, can improve the political relationship of the country and balance the import and export trade economically.

2. (1) Field work: a sociological research method, which refers to the process in which investigators go to the location of the survey object to collect actual data. (2) Normative research: a research method that focuses on explaining the rational state of things. It answers the "what" and "how". (3) Schema analysis: a descriptive analysis tool used to describe the structure, shape, relationship and process of phenomena. (4) Statistical analysis: use statistical tools to study tourism phenomena.

3. The research content of tourism is extremely complex, including: tourism as a human experience; tourism as a social behavior; tourism as a geographical phenomenon; tourism as a source of income; tourism as a commercial activity; tourism Six fundamental aspects of an industry.

4. (1) Features of sightseeing: First, the scope of tourism is wide, and sightseeing along a certain tourist route. Second, it is adaptable. It is suitable regardless of age, occupation and status. Third, the reception is convenient. (2) Characteristics of vacation tourism: First, the vacation location is relatively fixed, and the scope of activities is not large. Second, emphasize rest. Third, the repeatability is high. Fourth, higher requirements for entertainment facilities. (3) Characteristics of ecotourism: First, tourists are those who have a high sense of responsibility for environmental protection. Second, the scale of the activity is small and does not require a high capital investment. Third, strict environmental protection measures must be taken for tourist destinations, and eco-tourism activities must be carried out to minimize the impact on the environment. Fourth, it must be equipped with high-quality tour guides. (4) Features of business travel: First, high travel frequency. Second, the consumption level is high. Third, there are high requirements for tourist facilities and service quality. (5) Features of conference tourism: First, the consumption level is high. Second, the residence time is long. Third, strong planning. Fourth, high requirements for reception facilities and services.

5. The most fundamental difference lies in whether it crosses national borders. In addition, there are some differences as follows: (1) degree of consumption (2) length of stay (3) degree of convenience (4) economic role.

4. Analysis questions

1. Definition of "AIEST": Tourism is the sum of phenomena and relationships caused by the travel and temporary residence of non-settlers. These people do not lead to long-term settlements and are not involved in any money-making activities. In Este's definition, "non-settlers" emphasizes the remoteness of tourism activities, "does not lead to long-term settlement" emphasizes the temporary nature of tourism activities, and "does not engage in any profitable activities" emphasizes the nature of tourism activities. Non-employment, while the "summation of phenomena and relationships" emphasizes the comprehensiveness of tourism activities. Este's definition has a good grasp of the essential attributes of tourism from the perspective of recreational tourism research, so it has a great influence in the tourism academic circles all over the world. However, there is a tendency to generalize, including other non-work purpose travel, but whether these travel activities can be regarded as tourism is still controversial. This kind of broad definition is currently generally adopted in the world, because one is convenient for statistics, and the other is that the statistical results can better show the positive impact of tourism on the economy.

Narrow definition: tourism is a kind of short-term experience with social, leisure and consumption attributes that individuals spend mainly to seek pleasure in different places

2. "旅", travel, travel away from home (antonym: home); "you", tour, play.