Chapter VII Enterprise and Government Information Resource Management

Enterprise Information Resource Management

• The management object of enterprise information resources management has experienced the evolution of original data --> information --> information resources --> knowledge
• The means of information resource management have changed from simple computers to computer-led management information systems, and then into information resource management led by enterprise strategy, and finally into knowledge management led by knowledge management

Enterprise and its management

• Enterprise definition: Engage in production, circulation or service and other economic acquisitions, obtain benefits by satisfying social benefits, and implement independent management, self-responsibility for profits and losses, self-development, self-discipline legal entity and market competition subject
• Classification of modern enterprises:
  • According to economic responsibility: individual (sole proprietorship) enterprise, partnership enterprise, unlimited liability company, limited liability company, joint stock company, etc.
  • Classified by ownership: enterprises owned by the whole people, collectively owned enterprises, joint-stock cooperative enterprises, Sino-foreign joint ventures, Sino-foreign cooperative enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises, private enterprises, etc.
  • According to the nature of output: industrial enterprises, commercial enterprises, transportation industry, service industry, etc.
  • According to the nature of the industry: enterprises in the primary industry (agriculture, mining...), enterprises in the secondary industry (manufacturing, construction...), enterprises in the tertiary industry (service industry...), etc.
  • Divided by production, product and sales form: traditional enterprises with cement and bricks, traditional E-based enterprises with cement and bricks, virtual enterprises, etc.
  • Divided by production scale: large enterprises, small and medium enterprises
  • Divided by business scope: internationalization (also known as globalization) or multinational enterprises, foreign trade enterprises, domestic enterprises, etc.
• Continuous operation and profit maximization are the eternal goals pursued by enterprises
• The internal and external environment of enterprise management under the market economy is shown in the following figure:

Enterprise informatization

• Enterprise informatization—the application of information technology in various aspects such as production, operation, management, and decision-making by enterprises, in-depth development and extensive use of internal and external information resources, and continuous improvement of their management efficiency and level, thereby improving the economic efficiency and competitiveness of enterprises.
• The core competitiveness of an enterprise consists of strategies, customers, resources, and operational capabilities, which determine the survival and development of an enterprise
• Enterprise informatization is a gradual and continuous process. It is a process of continuous integration and mutual evolution of information technology and enterprise management. It is also a process of high investment, high output and high risk.
• The most important work in enterprise informatization is that enterprises need to formulate informatization plans around their business strategies, establish corresponding informatization organizations, and guide informatization construction activities

Enterprise Information Resource Content

• Enterprise network; including enterprise intranet, extranet and my public network, enterprise information infrastructure

• Enterprise information system; OA (office automation), CAD (computer-aided design)/CAPP (computer-aided process design)/CAM (computer-aided manufacturing)/PDM (product data management)/ERP (enterprise resource planning) and other system integration, Complete the automation of enterprise production and operation; CRM (customer relationship management), SCM (supply chain management), EC (e-commerce), EIP (enterprise information portal), DSS (decision support system)/EIS (manager information system)

• Enterprise information; all useful information needed for enterprise production, operation and management

  • internal information
  • Consumer Market Information
  • supply market information
  • Government regulation and service information
  • Competitive information in the same industry

• According to the timeliness, enterprise information can be divided into:

  • Precipitation information - information that does not change for a long time and has a long effect; such as patent information, corporate culture information, rules and regulations information, etc.
  • Cumulative information - information with a long time limit and a long change cycle, such as personnel information, customer information, meeting information, financial information, etc.
  • Instant information—information that changes rapidly and acts for a short time, such as production information, sales information, inventory information, public relations information, etc.

• The job of enterprise information resource management:

  • Informatization planning; combined with enterprise development strategy, formulate enterprise informatization planning; including informatization strategic planning, information resource planning, informatization project planning, etc.
  • Informatization organization construction; establishment of CIO mechanism to implement complex informatization work to ensure orderly implementation of informatization projects and information system operation and maintenance
  • Implementation of informatization projects; through the implementation of specific information system projects, effectively analyze and organize enterprise information resources, so that they can be developed and utilized to support the realization of enterprise strategies
  • Information system application; including various information system applications, daily operation and maintenance, security management, enabling enterprise information resources to be effectively managed, serving and enterprise operations (strategy), management, production and other aspects, improving the efficiency of other operations, Ultimate benefit

the case

• Lenovo's informatization experience:
  • There is an information strategy that supports the business strategy of the company
  • There is a corresponding information organization construction
  • increasing customer satisfaction
  • supply chain integration
  • Improve the core operation ability of the enterprise
  • Improve efficiency and profit

Government Information Resource Management

Types of government information resources

• Divided by content; political information, military information, scientific and technological information, economic information, cultural information, etc.
• Divided by sources; endogenous information, exogenous information, etc.
• Divided by information circulation mode and transmission scope; public information, internal information, confidential information, etc.
• Classification of information types; policy and regulation information, industry management information, statistical information, daily affairs information, etc.
• Information operation status division; continuous information, interval information, routine information, sudden information
• Information expression form; voice information, text information, data information, graphic image information, etc.
• The direction and characteristics of information transmission; upper-level information, upper-level information, lower-level information, and horizontal communication information
• The purpose of the government using information; publicity information, service information, daily office information, market information, etc.
• Division of information functions; government decision-making information, information serving all sectors of society, feedback information, inter-governmental exchange information

Characteristics of government information resources

• Diversity of Management Objectives
  • Be a good staff member for government decision-making
  • Propagating political, military, technological, economic or cultural ideas to achieve corresponding purposes
  • Establish the image of the government and enhance social influence
  • Realize office automation and improve office efficiency
• Management flexibility
  • Pay attention to adapting measures to local conditions and analyzing specific issues
• Multidimensionality of management means
  • Technical means are essential
  • Market instruments usually work only to a very limited extent
  • Ethics is a recommended management method for source enterprise information resource management, but in the field of government information resource management, the role of restraint is sometimes weak