Article directory
1 Install the virtual machine VirtualBox
Download VirtualBox at https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads :
Open VirtualBox:
2 Build openEuler and install the desktop environment
2.1 Download mirror
This article uses the openEuler 20.03 LTS version. After testing openEuler 22.09, it seems that it cannot be used on the virtual machine.
Download the image from https://repo.openeuler.org/openEuler-20.03-LTS/ISO/x86_64/ :
2.2 Create a new virtual machine
Click "New Virtual Machine" in VirtualBox:
Fill in Nameand select the image you just downloaded IOS Imagein :
Fill in the Username and password Password (it’s okay if you don’t change it, the default password is changeme), and the ones on the right don’t need to be moved:
Set the memory size and the number of processors. Here I set 4096M memory and 4 CPUs, which can be changed according to your needs:
Create a virtual hard disk, also change according to your needs:
Summary interface:
2.3 Networking
Open the settings:
Connect to the network, select the bridge network card , the name may be different:
If there Fail to establish a new connection No route to hostis (but sometimes there will be problems even occasionally, it should be because it is not stable yet), as shown in the following figure:
2.4 Start the virtual machine and log in
Start the virtual machine:
Wait for a while ( Fail to establish a new connection No route to hostproblems may still occur, you can wait a little longer, the connection is not stable), and the login interface will appear, which can be the Username and Password filled in above, but here instead use rootlogin file, you need to rootlog in , the Username permission you set before is not enough), the password is the same as the one you entered when creating a new virtual machine:
2.5 Configuration source
2.5.1 Tsinghuayuan
Continue to enter sudo vim /etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler_x86_64.repo(here vimmay report an error, just vimreplace viwith , that is sudo vi /etc/yum.repos.d/openEuler_x86_64.repo):
And then into openEuler_x86_64.repothe file :
Click ito edit, start editing after the last line, add the following content:
[osrepo]
name=osrepo
baseurl=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/openeuler/openEuler-20.03-LTS/OS/x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/openeuler/openEuler-20.03-LTS/OS/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-openEuler
After filling in, click escthe button , enter :wq!forced save (), and press Enter, so that the Tsinghua source is configured:
2.5.2 Official sources
Just replace the above code with the following, but the download speed is very slow, it is not recommended to use, you can ignore this after configuring the Tsinghua source.
[osrepo]
name=osrepo
baseurl=https://repo.openeuler.org/openEuler-20.03-LTS/OS/x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=https://repo.openeuler.org/openEuler-20.03-LTS/OS/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-openEuler
3 Installing the GNOME desktop
Enter the following commands in sequence to install gnome and related components and terminal:
dnf install gnome-shell gdm gnome-session
dnf install gnome-terminal
The installation process is roughly as follows:
Enter the following commands in sequence to set up the system to start automatically:
systemctl enable gdm.service
systemctl set-default graphical.target
Enter the following commands in sequence to complete the missing files:
cd /tmp
wget https://gitee.com/name1e5s/xsession/raw/master/Xsession
mv Xsession /etc/gdm/
chmod 0777 /etc/gdm/Xsession
The following interface appears, indicating that the desktop installation is successful (if you do not jump to the desktop after completing the above picture, restart the virtual machine, and you will be able to jump to the desktop environment later):
After login:
4 Install Firefox
Also due to permission issues, it needs to be used root. First, you can log outlog out :
Click on Not listed?:
Enter in the following interface root, the password is also the same as the previous setting:
Open the Terminal (the letters displayed in the Terminal of the virtual machine are very compact, and the resolution cannot be improved, the reason is unknown), and enter yum -y install firefoxto install Firefox:
Installation process:
The installation is successful, open Firefox:
