The content of this section is about the composition and architecture of the computer, including the number system, computer structure, pipeline, storage, bus, etc. They are all things that I have learned before but have forgotten for a long time. I learned about the number system when I was in high school. I remember that I never understood the "strange" carry rules of binary at that time, because every decimal one has been deeply rooted in my mind; I learned the principles of microcomputers in college. In order to cope with the exam, everyone can memorize the functions of each part of the CPU; when learning the CPU operation principle, bus addressing, pipeline and other knowledge, they have also been amazed at the ingenious and intelligent design. But now I am still like a layman when I learn these; and I still need to convert half a day when I encounter binary when I use high-level language codewords every day. This piece of knowledge is extensive and profound. Considering the balance between practicality and energy, just follow the video and learn the tip of the iceberg.
1. Flynn Taxonomy
This is a computer classification method given by Flynn in 1966 from the perspective of computer instruction flow and data flow, but there is no MISD computer at present, because this kind of computer has proved impossible, at least not practical. From SISD to MIMD, from simple to complex, today's computers are still evolving along the expectations of Flynn's taxonomy.
2. Instruction set The
instruction set is divided into two camps: complex instruction set and reduced instruction set. Manufacturers represented by Intel use complex instruction set systems. The processor can support a variety of full-featured instructions. The problem is that its design is complex, and the instruction length is too different, resulting in low pipeline efficiency and high power consumption. In the 1980s, computer scientists proposed a processor design idea based on a reduced instruction set, which retained only a few commonly used instructions and replaced a complex instruction with a few simple instructions. Revolution, the reduced instruction set was widely welcomed as soon as it appeared. Unfortunately, Intel did not have a reduced instruction set when it designed the 8086. Intel was worried that switching to the reduced instruction set would lose the leading position of the x86 series chips in the microprocessor market, so it continued to develop its Complex instruction set processors, and finally won the instruction set battle with the advantages of the market and capital. Now Intel and AMD processors are still based on complex instruction sets, but Pentium and later processors have also absorbed simplified instructions. The strengths of the set, and the current ARM-based mobile processors all use a reduced instruction set.