[Road to the System Analyst of the Review] Chapter 3 Review of the Informatization Strategy of the Enterprise (Informatization Foundation)

[Road to a review system analyst] Chapter 3 Review of corporate informatization strategy (basic knowledge of informatization)

The first part of comprehensive knowledge over the years

2008 Comprehensive Knowledge Past Papers

[In 2008, the 31st question of the upper department: green]
31. Among the following statements about information systems, the correct one is (35).
(35)
A. Information systems can be manual or computerized.
B. Information systems are computerized information systems
. C. Computer-based information systems are composed of hardware, software, databases, and remote communications, excluding humans. And regulations
D. Computerization of information systems will definitely improve the performance of the system

Answer: Choose A for the answer.

• An information system is a specialized system type composed of a series of related elements, including information collection, operation (processing), transmission (output), etc., and provides a feedback mechanism to enable the system to achieve its goals. In an information system, input is the activity of collecting and obtaining raw data; processing includes transferring or transforming data into useful output, and processing can include calculations - information systems can be manual or computerized. Many information systems started out as manual systems, and were later computerized. However, simply computerizing manual information systems may not necessarily improve system performance. If the original information system is faulty, computerization may increase The negative impact of these deficiencies.

2009 Comprehensive Knowledge Past Papers

[The 42nd question of the 2009 series: green]
42. Companies often have to process the collected raw data, and the purpose of data processing does not include (57).
(57)
A. Increase the amount of information
B. Change the data format to facilitate further processing
C. Facilitate user retrieval
D. Provide decision support for managers

Answer: Choose A for the answer. Examining enterprise informatization should not increase the amount of information.

1. Data processing is to process the original information obtained by a certain method according to a certain purpose.
2. The purpose of data processing is to transform the original form of information into a form that is convenient for observation, analysis, search, transmission or further processing
3. Improve the quality of information through screening, classification, extraction, filtering, and editing;
4. Calculate, separate and select data to provide management and control basis for managers;
5. Store the processed data for easy retrieval by users; publish and sell data for customers to use.
6. Data processing follows the "information non-increasing principle", that is, any processing and refining of data signals cannot increase the amount of information;
7. On the contrary, the result of processing often loses some amount of information. The more links and times of processing, the greater the chance of loss.
8. For some users, the most concern is whether the processing results are useful and valuable, regardless of whether the amount of information is lost. For example, after data processing of the test scores of a certain class, the average, highest and lowest values ​​are obtained. Although the amount of information was lost, the leader found it very useful.

2010 Comprehensive Knowledge Past Papers

[2010 Series Zhenti Question 37: Green]
37. In the following narrative about data processing, what is incorrect is (53).
(53)
A. The correct data may also be interpreted incorrectly.
B. The software will fail and the data will also have problems
. C. Data processing technology mainly refers to the use of office software.
D. Data also has a life cycle.

Answer: Choose C as the answer. Data is for applications.

1. The importance of data interpretation has recently received attention, because people with different positions have different interpretations of the same batch of data, which will produce different effects.
2. Even if the data is correct, some people only use part of the data to explain
3. Some people use a special coordinate system to illustrate the data, giving people an illusion; some people use averages to cover up large differences in the data. Therefore, interpreting data scientifically and reasonably is the basic quality that data processing workers should possess.
4. In the process of mass data processing, data problems are very common. Data problems include: data errors, data redundancy or omission, data delays, data confusion, illegal access to data (theft or tampering), etc.
5. Data processing technology includes technologies used in data collection, input, editing, storage, classification, processing, statistics, transmission, retrieval, and output.
6. Office software is just a common tool for simple data processing. Many data statistics software, multimedia presentation systems, data mining software, online data processing systems, business intelligence software, decision support systems, etc. have stronger functions.
7. The most widely used computer is data processing. The main content of computer application foundation should not only emphasize the use of office software, but also the basic methods used in various stages of data processing. Just as the foundation of agriculture cannot only emphasize the use of agricultural tools. Different concepts and perspectives will trigger changes in teaching content.
8. Data also has a life cycle. Data is generated, stored, changed, distributed, used, backed up, restored, and deleted. Different stages have different usage frequencies and usage values. The massive data storage system of modern enterprises needs to be backed up and processed based on the data life cycle, including the design of data security.
9. Now, data life cycle management and information life cycle management are very active application areas.

2012 Comprehensive Knowledge Past Papers

[The 26th question of the 2012 series: green]
26. The following description of information attributes is wrong (34).
(34)
A. Information has authenticity, truth is the central value of information, and the value of untrue information may be negative
. B. Information has hysteresis, and information is the result of data processing, so information must lag behind data, and processing takes time
C. Information is diffusive, and information is different from the real thing. It can be diffused or compressed
. D. Information is complete. We can obtain all objective and true information to make judgments.

Answer: Choose D as the answer.

1. Information is knowledge that reflects the characteristics and changes of various things in the objective world, and is the result of data processing, and information is useful data.
2. Information has the universality of existence; carrier dependence; order; relativity; scalability; scalability; compressibility; storage, transmission and portability; substitutability; diffusibility; shareability; Important properties such as timeliness.
3. The information is authentic. Truth is the central value of information, and the value of untrue information may be negative.
4. Information is lagging. Information is the result of data processing, so information must lag behind data, and processing takes time.
5. The timeliness of information means that the utility of information depends on time and has a certain time limit, and its value is closely related to the time when the information is provided. Practice has proved that once information is formed, the faster and earlier it is provided, the greater the value of its realization.
6. The sharing of information refers to information as a resource, which can be used by different individuals or groups at the same time or at different times.
7. The information is pressure-spreading. Information is different from real objects. It can be diffused or compressed.

2013 Comprehensive Knowledge Past Papers

[2013 Series Question 26: Red]
26. In the dynamic analysis of data, (33) belongs to the random change attribute of the data, and (34) belongs to the fixed individual change attribute of the data.
(33)(34)
A. Inventory balance
B. Basic customer information
C. Accounting
titles D. Monthly sales volume of products

Answer: Choose D｜A as the answer. The second week eye is still red. Non-high-frequency test sites.

• In information systems, attribute names and attribute values ​​are often used to describe the characteristics of certain aspects of things. The characteristics of a thing may be manifested in multiple aspects, which need to be described by the names of multiple attributes and their corresponding values. Data attribute analysis mainly includes static analysis and dynamic analysis. Static analysis refers to analyzing the static characteristics of data, and dynamic analysis refers to analyzing the dynamic characteristics of data.

• The static characteristics of the data include the following aspects:

  1. Type and length. The types of data usually include character, numeric, time, multimedia, etc. The length includes the size of the occupied space, the number of integers and the number of decimals, etc. This is the content that must be determined for the establishment of a database and analysis and processing.
  2. Ranges. Including maximum value, minimum value, etc., which are necessary for data input, proofreading and review.
  3. The amount of business that occurred. Including the frequency of data occurrence, peak data volume and peak time, storage and retention time period, etc.
  4. Which businesses use this data. Corresponds to the "U" in the CU matrix.
  5. Importance and confidentiality. The degree of importance determines the input, proofreading, storage, copy, backup and other functions of the system design. The degree of confidentiality determines the measures in the network design and database design, as well as the setting of the data access authority system.

• There are three dynamic characteristics of data, namely fixed value attributes, fixed individual variable attributes and random variable attributes.

  1. Data with fixed-value attributes generally does not change over time. For example, material master data, customer basic data, accounting titles, etc. in production activities. Fixed-value data is generally stable and can be prepared in advance. However, since the objective environment is constantly changing, stability is also relative, and it must be maintained regularly to maintain its accuracy.
  2. A data item with a fixed individual variable attribute has a relatively fixed set of individuals as a whole, but its value is variable for an individual. For example, in sales management, the number of orders and the names of customers who purchase goods are basically fixed, but the quantity of goods each customer orders is changing. Once the data of fixed individual variable attributes is established, it must be maintained at any time, such as inventory balance, workshop work-in-process balance, general ledger balance, open sales orders and open purchase orders.
  3. For a data item with randomly changing attributes, its individual appears randomly, and its value also changes. For example, the monthly cumulative sales volume of products in the sales management system may not have sales volume for every product every month, and there may be no sales volume for a certain product in a certain month. The data of randomly changing attributes is formed by the system according to a certain logic program and calculated according to the needs of users for management work. It is a kind of processed information for managers to grasp the status of operation and production, analyze and make decisions

2018 Comprehensive Knowledge Past Papers

[2018 Topic 22: Red]
22. In modern management, information theory has become one of the main methodologies of modern science alongside system theory and cybernetics. Information has a variety of basic attributes, among which () is the central value of information; () determines the need to correctly filter out unimportant information and distorted information, and abstract useful information; information is the result of data processing, reflecting the information has ().
(35)
A. Sharing
B. Authenticity
C. Hysteresis
D. Incompleteness
(36)
A. Sharing
B. Authenticity
C. Hysteresis
D. Incompleteness
(37)
A. Sharing
B . Diffusion
C. Hysteresis
D. Hierarchical

Answer: The answer is B｜D｜C. Sankong is all wrong. Information has the following basic attributes:

1. Authenticity: Truth is the central value of information, and the value of untrue information may be negative.
2. Hierarchical: Information is generally the same as management, and can be divided into three levels: strategy, strategy, and execution.
3. Incompleteness: It is impossible to obtain all the information of objective facts. We need to correctly filter out unimportant information, distorted information, and abstract useful information.
4. Lag: Information is the result of data processing, so information must lag behind data, and processing takes time.
5. Diffusion: Information is different from the real thing, it can be diffused or compressed.
6. Sharing: Information can be shared, which is different from material, and information sharing is non-zero sum