table of Contents
1. Virtual machine installation
What is a virtual machine? Virtual machine, sometimes I want to simulate a real computer environment, because it is too expensive to use the real machine to install, so a software that can simulate the operation of the operating system was born. There are currently 2 well-known products for virtual machines:vmware exhibiting vmware workstation, Virtual Box produced by oracle. The blogger recommends that you choose the higher version of VMware to install, otherwise there will be some inexplicable errors. The software download address is as follows:
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1J2GRWkTte9c21weKyfJrhw
提取码：wtao
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镜像文件链接如下：
CentOS 6.9
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1NV7HKcvGlnNfsnZhmWNrLA
提取码：fob5
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CentOS 7
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/13IgaTS8zxkc7e9FTEbsCrA
提取码：ndym
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或者直接官网进行下载：
https://www.centos.org/
The installation process is exactly the same as 12, here is a demonstration with VMware12.
Step 1: Double-click to open the VMware installer.
Step 2: Click Next to install.
Step 3: Accept the terms in the license agreement, and then click Next:
Step 4: Determine whether you need to change the software according to your needs Installation location (recommended to be placed under any drive letter except C drive)
Since the blogger only has one C drive, the installation is performed by default. After the change is successful, the reader can click OK, and the next step is to continue the installation:
Note: The installation directory of all software is best to be empty during installation
Step 5: User experience settings, as shown in the figure below, click Next to continue installation
Step 6: Shortcut settings, click Next to continue installation
Step 7: Click the install button
Step 8: After installation , click Click the Finish button.
Note: The most important thing is to check after the installation. Check whether the virtual machine software has 2 virtual network cards installed.
Step 9: Click the shortcut on the desktop to open the VMware software, enter the key, and click Continue button
Work interface:
2. Linux system environment deployment
2.1 Set CentOS6.9 operating environment
Step one: Open VMware software, the main interface to select 创建新的虚拟机options, choose 自定义, click Next
Step two: Select compatibility, the default, click Next:
Step 3: Select the image file when selected 稍后安装操作系统and click Next
section Step 4: Set the name of the virtual machine (the name will appear on the left later) and set the installation location of the virtual system
Step 5: CPU settings, prompt: select the CPU settings according to your computer configuration, generally the default is OK, blogger here Select 2*2
. Step 6: Allocate virtual machine memory.
Step 7: Select the virtual machine network type. By default, select NAT.
NAT: After configuration, Windows can communicate with the virtual machine, but other students in the classroom cannot access it. Only you can access the operating system in the virtual machine. Bridge: After configuration, other students can also access your virtual machine operating system.
Step 8: Follow the default steps, directly to the next step.
After installation is complete, click Finish:
2.2 Install CentOS6.9 operating system
Step 1: Select the CentOS system installation image [*.iso file]
Step 2: Turn on the virtual machine and install the system.
Note: If you can’t get out of the virtual machine after booting, you can press the shortcut key combinationCtrl + Alt
Step 3: If a similar prompt box (not an error box) appears after startup, check Don’t prompt again and confirm:
Pay special attention: If the following error occurs during startup, it means that the computer is not enabled for cpu virtualization. If you need to turn it on, you need to restart the computer, and when turning it on, enter the BIOS settings of the motherboard to turn on virtualization, and then save the settings and restart the computer. Readers can Baidu by themselves when encountering this situation.
Step 4: Choose to upgrade/install the existing system (select by ↑ or ↓ arrow keys), after confirming, press Enter
Step 5: After detecting the disc (Disc), choose to skip the integrity check and proceed directly After the installation
prompts for unsupported hardware, ignore the next step directly.
Step 6: Click Next Step
7: Select the language used in the installation process
Step 8: Select the keyboard type, US English
Step 9: Select the storage device type
Step 10: Initialize the blank disk select 是，忽略所有的数据
step Eleven: set the NIC to automatically connect, and then click apply, close, Next
step 12: set the time zone, the default Asia / Shanghai
step 13: torootThe administrator sets a password, and the next
step after setting it. Step 14: Use all the disk space to install the Linux system, click Next Step
15: Choose the type of Linux to install
Step 16: Choose Development ⇒ Development Tools, Check the checkbox √ in front, and click Next.
Wait for the installation of the software package.
Step 17: Wait for completion, click Reboot
and click Forward after rebooting:
Choose Agree on the Agreement License interface, and then click Forward:
Step 18: Create Ordinary user account (optional), and then click forward.
Step 19: Set the time, and then go forward after setting it.
Step 20: About kdump, then click Finish. After the
setting is complete, restart and log in:
If you need to use non-listing If you want to log in, click Others, otherwise you can double-click the listed user name, then enter the password, and the prompt
after logging in with the root account: After the login is successful, the desktop appears as shown below:
3. Back up the operating system
There are two ways to back up in VMware: snapshot or clone.
3.1 Snapshot
Snapshot: Also known as the restore point, it is the state of the system (including all the content) saved when the snapshot is taken, and can be restored at any time in the later period. Note: The emphasis is on short-term backups. Snapshots can be used when frequent backups are required. When snapshots are taken, the operating system in the virtual machine is generally on. Snapshot: Use VMware to implement snapshot. For specific steps, refer to the following
Step One: Select 虚拟机menu, click 快照the 拍摄快照
fill in the basic information in the dialog box, then click to take a snapshot. Step 2: Manage the snapshots (restore, delete)
. The management of the snapshots needs to be managed in the virtual machine ⇒ snapshot ⇒ snapshot manager
3.2 Clone
Clone: It means to copy. Note: Cloning focuses on long-term backup, and it must be closed (understand) when doing cloning. Clone: Use VMware to implement cloning, the specific steps are as follows:
Shut down first ⇒ Right-click the virtual machine to be cloned ⇒ Manage ⇒ Clone The
cloned server-related password, account and other information are consistent with the cloned system. However, the network card of the cloned machine cannot be directly started and used and needs to be configured.
3.3 The difference between snapshot and clone
The biggest difference between clone and snapshot: after the clone, there are 2 machines, and after the snapshot, there is still one machine (shadow system). It is recommended to use snapshots before dangerous operations.