RIP routing basic configuration
1. Introduction to RIP routing function
RIP (Routing Information Protocol) is a relatively old routing protocol that has been widely used in small and homogeneous networks. RIP uses a distance vector algorithm, which is a distance vector protocol. RIP is divided into two versions, RIPv1 and RIPv2. RIP uses UDP packets to exchange routing information, and the UDP port number is 520. Generally, RIPv1 messages are broadcast messages; RIPv2 messages are multicast messages, and the multicast address is 224.0.0.9. RIP sends out update packets every 30 seconds. If the device does not receive a routing update message from the peer for 180 seconds, it will mark all routing information from this device as unreachable. After the route enters the unreachable state, it will route these routes without receiving an update message within 120 seconds. Delete from the routing table.
2. RIP application scenarios:
1. RIP routing is mainly used in small networks, such as primary and secondary schools, small enterprises, laboratory networking, etc. The number of equipment in the three-layer switch or router networking is limited (theoretically cannot exceed 16), and the total number of network routes is limited (Suggested within a hundred), the route convergence (learning, update, delete) time requirements are not very strict, allowing within 2-4 minutes, then you can consider using the RIP routing protocol; or the limited performance of the network equipment does not support OSPF, For dynamic routing protocols such as BGP, only the RIP protocol can be used at this time.
2. Due to the shortcomings and deficiencies of the RIP protocol, it is rarely seen in the actual deployment scenarios that use pure RIP networking. Customers or the market prefer to choose OSPF networking, coupled with the development of technology and continuous improvement of output At present, the low-end and medium-end devices of major manufacturers have fully supported IGP protocols such as OSPF, so RIP has been gradually eliminated. In actual solutions, we also recommend using OSPF to build your network.
3. Experimental configuration:
1. Topological diagram
2. Experimental purpose:
Routers in the entire network run the rip protocol to make the entire network reachable.
3. Configuration ideas:
1) Set up the topology map environment and mark the planned IP address
2) Modify the default name of the network device and configure the IP address
3) Configure RIP routing to enable mutual access between network segments
4. Configuration process:
Step 1: Modify the default name of the network device and configure the IP address
1) Configure each PC information (omitted)
2) Configure router AR1 default name and interface IP
<Huawei>sys //Enter system view mode
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname AR1 //Modify the name of the device
[AR1]int g0/0/0 //Enter interface mode
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.16.0.1 16 //Configure an IP for the interface, that is, the gateway IP
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.1.2 24
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]quit //Quit the current mode
3) Configure router AR2 default name and interface IP
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname AR2
[AR2]int g0/0/0
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]i add 172.16.0.2 16
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 172.17.0.1 16
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
4) Configure router AR3 default name and interface IP
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname AR3
[AR3]int g0/0/0
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 172.17.0.2 16
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.168.2.2 24
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]quit
Step 2: Configure RIP routing so that each network segment can achieve mutual access through this link
1) Configure the RIP route of router AR1
[AR1]rip //Enable RIP routing
[AR1-rip-1]undo summary Turn off automatic summary
[AR1-rip-1]version 2 //Enable rip version 2
[AR1-rip-1]network 192.168.1.0 //Notify the directly connected network segment into the RIP process
[AR1-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
2) Configure the RIP route of router AR2
[AR2]rip
[AR2-rip-1]version 2
[AR2-rip-1]undo summary
[AR2-rip-1]network 172.16.0.0
[AR2-rip-1]network 172.17.0.0
3) Configure the RIP routing of router AR3
[AR3]rip
[AR3-rip-1]version 2
[AR3-rip-1]undo summary
[AR3-rip-1]network 172.17.0.0
[AR3-rip-1]network 192.168.2.0
More learning materials and videos can be added to the exchange group:696283186
Remarks: 1. Why turn off automatic summary?
By default, rip will automatically summarize at the boundary of the main network. If there is a discontinuous network, it will cause abnormal routing learning
2. When announcing the network: Only the main network can be notified. Even if the network writes the subnet address, the main network will be notified. All interfaces belonging to the main network will be notified to the rip process.
5. Configuration verification:
1. Check the routing table. The default priority of RIP in Huawei equipment is 100, the cost of one router is 1, and the cost of two routers is 2.
2. Check the connectivity of the two hosts
3. Capture and view:
It is verified by the packet capture information that the RIPv2 packet is a multicast packet, and the multicast address is 224.0.0.9
RIP uses UDP port 520
At this point, the basic configuration of RIP routing is complete,
Summary: More learning materials and videos can be added to the exchange group: 696283186
1. RIP uses distance vector algorithm
2. RIP routing is suitable for small networks, such as primary and secondary schools, small businesses, laboratory networking, etc.
3. RIPv2 usually publishes multicast packets, and the multicast address is 224.0.0.9