The role of MEMS accelerometers in inertial navigation
Inertial navigation system (INS), also known as inertial reference system, is an autonomous navigation system that does not rely on external information or radiate energy to the outside (such as radio navigation). Its working environment includes not only air and ground, but also underwater.
The basic working principle of inertial navigation is based on Newton's law of mechanics. By measuring the acceleration of the carrier in the inertial reference system, integrating it with time, and transforming it into the navigation coordinate system, you can get the Information such as speed, yaw angle and position. The inertial navigation system belongs to the inferred navigation mode, that is, the position of the next point is calculated from the position of a known point based on the continuously measured heading angle and speed of the moving body, so that the current position of the moving body can be continuously measured. The gyroscope in the inertial navigation system is used to form a navigation coordinate system, the measurement axis of the accelerometer is stabilized in the coordinate system, and the heading and attitude angle are given; the accelerometer is used to measure the acceleration of the moving body, after the time The speed is obtained through one integration, and the displacement can be obtained through the speed through one integration over time.
Located in the inertial navigation system are: IMU, INS, AHRS heading reference system, GPS combined inertial navigation, which are composed of mems accelerometer, mems gyroscope, magnetometer, GPS board and solution software and circuit .
The MEMS accelerometer is mainly based on the acceleration generated when the carrier moves linearly and thus the integral is calculated and input into the calculation software to obtain the required parameters, so the mems accelerometer is essential here. The MSME gyroscope is a carrier that provides an accurate angle mainly during rotation. The integral solution can be used to wait until the correct angle direction to ensure that the carrier will not deviate from the destination.
Therefore, the role of the MEMS accelerometer in inertial navigation is to act as a straight-line driver to determine the forward speed and the distance of the integral solution for a certain period of time.
