0. 背景
基于以太坊的Solidity 智能合约，开发一个简单的抵押借贷系统。主要用ETH抵押进合约，贷出ERC20 Token
1. 环境准备
1.1. 安装Truffle
1.2 根据教程初始化Truffle工程框架
wujinquan@wujinquandeMacBook-Pro ~/workspace/eth/truffle/defi truffle init
Starting unbox...
=================
✔ Preparing to download box
✔ Downloading
✔ cleaning up temporary files
✔ Setting up box
Unbox successful, sweet!
Commands:
Compile: truffle compile
Migrate: truffle migrate
Test contracts: truffle test
wujinquan@wujinquandeMacBook-Pro ~/workspace/eth/truffle/defi ls
contracts migrations test truffle-config.js
2. 编写智能合约
主要先添加DeFi.sol (包含 ERC20 token + 抵押合约 ) + 2_deploy_contracts.js(部署脚本）
源码见Github仓库，结果目录如下，各目录作用具体参考Truffle文档
wujinquan@wujinquandeMacBook-Pro ~/workspace/eth/truffle/defi tree
.
├── contracts
│ ├── DeFi.sol
│ └── Migrations.sol
├── migrations
│ ├── 1_initial_migration.js
│ └── 2_deploy_contracts.js
├── test
└── truffle-config.js
4 directories, 5 files
wujinquan@wujinquandeMacBook-Pro ~/workspace/eth/truffle/defi
3. 进入Truffle develop模式
在项目目录执行truffle develop进入console 目录，此时truffle提供了一个模拟的区块链环境
RPC端口9545
wujinquan@wujinquandeMacBook-Pro ~/workspace/eth/truffle/pledge truffle develop
Truffle Develop started at http://127.0.0.1:9545/
Accounts:
(0) 0x843acfb41e5c0f1e0587c5b765d897ccdea8c4dd
(1) 0xa39ddba54789f9741673a7c4292fd7a4be59cf7b
(2) 0xdad88d893ef2d2b890b6c36d70fa1388a5538be8
(3) 0x07f426542f849f2e8f0529ae0297b53fbfab0f9f
(4) 0xf79680a4fdc887b50229058d37c107b68f3757d9
(5) 0xd35aaf9c6ec31e16ae09c8e612933b7bd28a3612
(6) 0xcea96ca483382f1f5584d83e37ac9c6c60c679df
(7) 0x88fcfd016e2985080aafe70fe0f9335f74d5fa88
(8) 0x19cf95ab9732bad2e2e4b3ea72d16d42bf7ca943
(9) 0x69930144c06a8a767a5cddcf18c5b5548a88d542
Private Keys:
(0) 2ab3e81a2c3455abca80098dadfac7bb92ed28705f10d1333efc90c79971309b
(1) d143735dbb6034e1134d2432c0ceb924c6624090d86d1b951746a28e7483917c
(2) 2753554ac688b59b02b22c60d1a6ac8d0bacde295fe0e0ed8d39782c007b79f7
(3) 9fa4a3e7e8a0bcd1ad8129eeb57302b13b72505a13059dd11d80c3c24a714893
(4) 7a0b7153891d807a4468af075e4e82832aa89337a3cb93ef3a9f702cb769ee58
(5) 94162906aa252be0f2f6e9b9ff6f9574595580356628e4cb5f90647b9467edec
(6) b9c3508e200dbab89b57bf2eee11615138c86908eb64f5778d22518b11d190df
(7) 5f56d048071df927af740525906dfb4c1d129738f64d940c18b1b8db275d5e06
(8) 2c5850424560bacdfc7f3ebb188f48d82c062b1bff0610f1ba3ffb7e42753e2b
(9) ef576c79b977ebfc450dd0fefebe9d6b657c97fcc7924d0ae78df34d587049ae
Mnemonic: grant boat distance require trap pair theme together spray blush glory simple
⚠️ Important ⚠️ : This mnemonic was created for you by Truffle. It is not secure.
Ensure you do not use it on production blockchains, or else you risk losing funds.
truffle(develop)>
4. 编译、部署合约
执行compile命令编译合约
如需重新编译所有合约，可执行compile --all
truffle(develop)> compile
Compiling your contracts...
===========================
> Compiling ./contracts/DeFi.sol
> Compiling ./contracts/Migrations.sol
> Artifacts written to /Users/wujinquan/workspace/eth/truffle/defi/build/contracts
> Compiled successfully using:
- solc: 0.5.16+commit.9c3226ce.Emscripten.clang
truffle(develop)>
执行migrate命令，Truffle会根据./migration/2_deploy_contracts.js 内容部署合约
如需重新部署所有合约，可执行migrate --reset
truffle(develop)> migrate
Compiling your contracts...
===========================
> Everything is up to date, there is nothing to compile.
Starting migrations...
======================
> Network name: 'develop'
> Network id: 5777
> Block gas limit: 0x6691b7
1_initial_migration.js
======================
Replacing 'Migrations'
----------------------
> transaction hash: 0x9cd5c4465f3aa9a889b97f395728c9e9720f569b0838ba6d944b551f8362eeb9
> Blocks: 0 Seconds: 0
> contract address: 0xa24e2615D5EEE2e0303C37dC28Db44e44e59847B
> block number: 1
> block timestamp: 1584410533
> account: 0x843ACfB41E5c0F1E0587C5B765d897cCDeA8c4DD
> balance: 99.9967165
> gas used: 164175
> gas price: 20 gwei
> value sent: 0 ETH
> total cost: 0.0032835 ETH
> Saving migration to chain.
> Saving artifacts
-------------------------------------
> Total cost: 0.0032835 ETH
2_deploy_contracts.js
=====================
Replacing 'DeFi'
----------------
> transaction hash: 0xfc95470f7a1f79942ea6fed7a41d959adf38c00a8964c4c2a418ecbe4de23992
> Blocks: 0 Seconds: 0
> contract address: 0xf170c784D9E23c764467CA9fC97F42a4dAC147bE
> block number: 3
> block timestamp: 1584410533
> account: 0x843ACfB41E5c0F1E0587C5B765d897cCDeA8c4DD
> balance: 99.97388586
> gas used: 1099191
> gas price: 20 gwei
> value sent: 0 ETH
> total cost: 0.02198382 ETH
> Saving migration to chain.
> Saving artifacts
-------------------------------------
> Total cost: 0.02198382 ETH
Summary
=======
> Total deployments: 2
> Final cost: 0.02526732 ETH
truffle(develop)>
5. Truffle与合约交互
具体可参考Truffle官方与合约进行交互文档
5.1 定义抽象合约对象
truffle(develop)> let defi = await DeFi.deployed()
undefined
truffle(develop)>let accounts = await web3.eth.getAccounts()
undefined
truffle(develop)> accounts
[
'0x843ACfB41E5c0F1E0587C5B765d897cCDeA8c4DD',
'0xa39DdbA54789f9741673a7C4292fd7a4be59Cf7B',
'0xdaD88D893Ef2d2B890b6c36D70fa1388a5538Be8',
'0x07F426542F849F2e8F0529Ae0297b53FBFaB0f9f',
'0xf79680a4fdC887B50229058d37C107b68F3757D9',
'0xD35aaf9C6eC31E16aE09C8e612933B7bD28a3612',
'0xceA96Ca483382f1F5584D83e37Ac9c6C60C679DF',
'0x88Fcfd016E2985080AAfe70fe0F9335f74d5fa88',
'0x19Cf95aB9732bAD2E2E4b3eA72d16d42bf7ca943',
'0x69930144c06A8A767A5cDdcF18c5B5548A88D542'
]
5.2 查看抽象合约对象的所有内容
truffle(develop)> defi //输入抽象合约对象名称即可
TruffleContract {
constructor: [Function: TruffleContract] {
_constructorMethods: {
configureNetwork: [Function: configureNetwork],
setProvider: [Function: setProvider],
new: [Function: new],
at: [AsyncFunction: at],
deployed: [AsyncFunction: deployed],
defaults: [Function: defaults],
hasNetwork: [Function: hasNetwork],
isDeployed: [Function: isDeployed],
detectNetwork: [AsyncFunction: detectNetwork],
setNetwork: [Function: setNetwork],
setNetworkType: [Function: setNetworkType],
setWallet: [Function: setWallet],
resetAddress: [Function: resetAddress],
link: [Function: link],
clone: [Function: clone],
addProp: [Function: addProp],
toJSON: [Function: toJSON],
decodeLogs: [Function: decodeLogs]
},
_properties: {
contract_name: [Object],
contractName: [Object],
gasMultiplier: [Object],
timeoutBlocks: [Object],
autoGas: [Object],
numberFormat: [Object],
abi: [Object],
metadata: [Function: metadata],
network: [Function: network],
networks: [Function: networks],
address: [Object],
transactionHash: [Object],
links: [Function: links],
events: [Function: events],
binary: [Function: binary],
deployedBinary: [Function: deployedBinary],
unlinked_binary: [Object],
bytecode: [Object],
deployedBytecode: [Object],
sourceMap: [Object],
deployedSourceMap: [Object],
source: [Object],
sourcePath: [Object],
legacyAST: [Object],
ast: [Object],
compiler: [Object],
schema_version: [Function: schema_version],
schemaVersion: [Function: schemaVersion],
updated_at: [Function: updated_at],
updatedAt: [Function: updatedAt],
userdoc: [Function: userdoc],
devdoc: [Function: devdoc],
networkType: [Object]
},
_property_values: {},
_json: {
contractName: 'DeFi',
abi: [Array],
metadata: '{"compiler":{"version":"0.5.16+commit.9c3226ce"},"language":"Solidity","output":{"abi":[{"inputs":[],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"_owner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"_spender","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Approval","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"user","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Pledge","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":false,"internalType":"address","name":"user","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Redeem","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"_from","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"_to","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"uint256","name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Transfer","type":"event"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"_owner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"_spender","type":"address"}],"name":"allowance","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"remaining","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"_spender","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"approve","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"success","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"_owner","type":"address"}],"name":"balanceOf","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"balance","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"decimals","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint8","name":"","type":"uint8"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"name","outputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"","type":"string"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"owner","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"pledge","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"success","type":"bool"}],"payable":true,"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"redeem","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"success","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"symbol","outputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"","type":"string"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"totalSupply","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"_to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transfer","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"success","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"_from","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"_to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"_value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transferFrom","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"success","type":"bool"}],"payable":false,"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"}],"devdoc":{"methods":{}},"userdoc":{"methods":{}}},"settings":{"compilationTarget":{"/Users/wujinquan/workspace/eth/truffle/defi/contracts/DeFi.sol":"DeFi"},"evmVersion":"istanbul","libraries":{},"optimizer":{"enabled":false,"runs":200},"remappings":[]},"sources":{"/Users/wujinquan/workspace/eth/truffle/defi/contracts/DeFi.sol":{"keccak256":"0x7f2b209bbc3ef1bb20037720e61cc73ed51b7bd84cc50a7fa3464fbca469df30","urls":["bzz-raw://f33559e741ff60f1a63696c0ec1c7c1356e3a2db02bbc16216501078fa6f8f36","dweb:/ipfs/QmS5mSprtY26HhoJ4sAsv3t2C6X87YkY7FyFuyr4azG894"]}},"version":1}',
bytecode: 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deployedBytecode: 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source: 'pragma solidity >=0.4.25 <0.7.0;\n' +
'\n' +
'contract Token{\n' +
'\tmapping (address => uint256) balances;\n' +
' string public name;\n' +
' string public symbol;\n' +
' uint8 public decimals;\n' +
' uint256 public totalSupply;\n' +
' mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) allowed;\n' +
'\n' +
' //ERC20 Token Standard: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-20\n' +
' constructor() public { \n' +
' name = "Token"; \t// Set the name \n' +
' symbol = "TK"; // Set the symbol \n' +
' decimals = 18; // Amount of decimals for display purposes\n' +
'//\t\ttotalSupply = 1000000000000000000000; // Not set total supply\t\n' +
' }\n' +
'\t\n' +
' //Returns the account balance of another account with address _owner.\n' +
' function balanceOf(address _owner) public view returns (uint256 balance) {\n' +
'\t\t return balances[_owner];\t\n' +
'\t}\n' +
'\n' +
' /* Transfers _value amount of tokens to address _to, and MUST fire the Transfer event. \n' +
' The function SHOULD throw if the message caller’s account balance does not have enough tokens to spend.\n' +
'\t Note Transfers of 0 values MUST be treated as normal transfers and fire the Transfer event.*/\n' +
' function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {\n' +
"\t require(_value > 0 ); // Check if token's value to be send > 0\n" +
'\t\trequire(balances[msg.sender] >= _value); // Check if the sender has enough token\n' +
' require(balances[_to] + _value > balances[_to]); // Check for overflows\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n' +
'\t\tbalances[msg.sender] -= _value; // Subtract token from the sender\n' +
'\t\tbalances[_to] += _value; // Add the same amount to the receiver \n' +
'\t\t \n' +
'\t\temit Transfer(msg.sender, _to, _value); \t\t\t\t // Notify anyone listening that this transaction happen.\n' +
'\t\treturn true; \n' +
'\t}\n' +
'\n' +
'\t/* The transferFrom method is used for a withdraw workflow, \n' +
'\t allowing contracts to transfer tokens on your behalf. \n' +
'\t This can be used for example to allow a contract to transfer tokens on your behalf and/or to charge fees in sub-currencies. \n' +
'\t The function SHOULD throw unless the _from account has deliberately authorized the sender of the message via some mechanism.\n' +
'\t Note Transfers of 0 values MUST be treated as normal transfers and fire the Transfer event.*/\n' +
' function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {\n' +
'\t \n' +
'\t require(balances[_from] >= _value); // Check if the sender has enough token\n' +
' require(balances[_to] + _value >= balances[_to]); // Check for overflows\n' +
' require(_value <= allowed[_from][msg.sender]); // Check allowance\n' +
' balances[_from] -= _value; // Subtract from the sender\n' +
' balances[_to] += _value; // Add the same amount to the receiver\n' +
' allowed[_from][msg.sender] -= _value;\n' +
' emit Transfer(_from, _to, _value);\n' +
' return true;\n' +
'\t}\n' +
'\n' +
'\t/* Allows _spender to withdraw from your account multiple times, \n' +
'\t up to the _value amount. If this function is called again it overwrites the current allowance with _value.\n' +
'\t NOTE: To prevent attack vectors like the one described here and discussed here, \n' +
'\t clients SHOULD make sure to create user interfaces in such a way that they set the allowance first to 0 before setting it to another value for the same spender. \n' +
'\t THOUGH The contract itself shouldn’t enforce it, to allow backwards compatibility with contracts deployed before */\n' +
' function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {\n' +
'\t\trequire(balances[msg.sender] >= _value);\n' +
'\t\tallowed[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;\n' +
' emit Approval(msg.sender, _spender, _value);\n' +
'\t\treturn true;\n' +
'\t\n' +
'\t}\n' +
'\t\n' +
'\t//Returns the amount which _spender is still allowed to withdraw from _owner.\n' +
' function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) public view returns (uint256 remaining) {\n' +
' return allowed[_owner][_spender];\n' +
'\t}\n' +
'\t\n' +
'\n' +
'\t//The event for tranfer and approve\n' +
' event Transfer(address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint256 _value);\n' +
' event Approval(address indexed _owner, address indexed _spender, uint256 _value);\n' +
'}\n' +
'\n' +
'\n' +
'contract DeFi is Token{ \n' +
'\n' +
'\t//声明owner，暂时没作用\n' +
'\taddress public owner ;\n' +
'\t//声明 用户-抵押ETH数量 mapping\n' +
'\tmapping (address => uint) pledgeETHAmount;\n' +
'\t\n' +
'\t//声明 抵押/赎回时的event\n' +
'\tevent Pledge(address user, uint256 amount);\n' +
'\tevent Redeem(address user, uint256 amount);\n' +
'\t\n' +
'\t//构造函数，只在合约被部署的时候执行一次\n' +
'\tconstructor() public {\n' +
'\t\towner = msg.sender ;\n' +
'\t}\n' +
'\n' +
'\t//抵押功能\n' +
'\tfunction pledge() public payable returns(bool success){\n' +
'\n' +
'\t\t//ETH抵押金额必须大于0\n' +
'\t\trequire(msg.value > 0, "Not enough ETH to pledge.");\n' +
'\t\t//抵押操作\n' +
'\t\t// 1. 1:1贷出ERC20 Token\n' +
'\t\tToken.balances[msg.sender] += msg.value;\n' +
'\t\t// 2. 写入抵押信息map，记录用户抵押ETH的数量：单位wei\n' +
'\t\tpledgeETHAmount[msg.sender] += msg.value;\n' +
'\t\t// 3. 更新Token总量\n' +
'\t\tToken.totalSupply += msg.value;\n' +
'\t\t//记录抵押事件\n' +
'\t\temit Pledge(msg.sender,msg.value);\n' +
'\n' +
'\t\treturn true;\n' +
'\t}\n' +
'\n' +
'\t//赎回功能\n' +
'\tfunction redeem(uint256 value) public returns(bool success){\n' +
'\n' +
'\t\t//要求赎回ETH的数量必须 <= Token余额\n' +
'\t\trequire(value <= Token.balances[msg.sender],"Not enough ETH to redeem.");\n' +
'\t\t//赎回操作\n' +
'\t\t// 1. 在合约转出ETH到用户地址之前将待发金额清零，更新用户Token余额和Token总量，来防止重入（re-entrancy）攻击\n' +
'\t\tToken.balances[msg.sender] -= value;\n' +
'\t\tToken.totalSupply -= value;\n' +
'\t\t// 2. 从合约里转ETH到对应用户\n' +
'\t\tmsg.sender.transfer(value);\n' +
'\t\t//记录赎回事件\n' +
'\t\temit Redeem(msg.sender,value);\n' +
'\n' +
'\t\treturn true;\n' +
'\t}\n' +
'}',
sourcePath: '/Users/wujinquan/workspace/eth/truffle/defi/contracts/DeFi.sol',
ast: [Object],
legacyAST: [Object],
compiler: [Object],
networks: [Object],
schemaVersion: '3.0.23',
updatedAt: '2020-03-17T02:03:48.180Z',
networkType: 'ethereum',
devdoc: [Object],
userdoc: [Object]
},
configureNetwork: [Function: bound configureNetwork],
setProvider: [Function: bound setProvider],
new: [Function: bound new] {
estimateGas: [Function: bound estimateDeployment]
},
at: [Function: bound at] AsyncFunction,
deployed: [Function: bound deployed] AsyncFunction,
defaults: [Function: bound defaults],
hasNetwork: [Function: bound hasNetwork],
isDeployed: [Function: bound isDeployed],
detectNetwork: [Function: bound detectNetwork] AsyncFunction,
setNetwork: [Function: bound setNetwork],
setNetworkType: [Function: bound setNetworkType],
setWallet: [Function: bound setWallet],
resetAddress: [Function: bound resetAddress],
link: [Function: bound link],
clone: [Function: bound clone],
addProp: [Function: bound addProp],
toJSON: [Function: bound toJSON],
decodeLogs: [Function: bound decodeLogs],
class_defaults: {
from: '0x843ACfB41E5c0F1E0587C5B765d897cCDeA8c4DD',
gas: 6721975,
gasPrice: 20000000000
},
interfaceAdapter: Web3InterfaceAdapter { web3: [Web3Shim] },
web3: Web3Shim {
currentProvider: [Getter/Setter],
_requestManager: [RequestManager],
givenProvider: null,
providers: [Object],
_provider: [HttpProvider],
setProvider: [Function (anonymous)],
BatchRequest: [Function: bound Batch],
extend: [Function],
version: '1.2.1',
utils: [Object],
eth: [Eth],
shh: [Shh],
bzz: [Bzz],
networkType: 'ethereum'
},
currentProvider: HttpProvider {
host: 'http://127.0.0.1:9545/',
httpAgent: [Agent],
timeout: 0,
headers: undefined,
connected: true,
send: [Function (anonymous)],
_alreadyWrapped: true
},
network_id: '5777',
ens: { enabled: false, registryAddress: null }
},
methods: {
'allowance(address,address)': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
'approve(address,uint256)': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
'balanceOf(address)': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
'decimals()': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
'name()': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
'owner()': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
'symbol()': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
'totalSupply()': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
'transfer(address,uint256)': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
'transferFrom(address,address,uint256)': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
'pledge()': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
'redeem(uint256)': [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
}
},
abi: [
{
inputs: [],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'nonpayable',
type: 'constructor',
constant: undefined
},
{
anonymous: false,
inputs: [Array],
name: 'Approval',
type: 'event',
constant: undefined,
payable: undefined,
signature: '0x8c5be1e5ebec7d5bd14f71427d1e84f3dd0314c0f7b2291e5b200ac8c7c3b925'
},
{
anonymous: false,
inputs: [Array],
name: 'Pledge',
type: 'event',
constant: undefined,
payable: undefined,
signature: '0x5e91ea8ea1c46300eb761859be01d7b16d44389ef91e03a163a87413cbf55b95'
},
{
anonymous: false,
inputs: [Array],
name: 'Redeem',
type: 'event',
constant: undefined,
payable: undefined,
signature: '0x222838db2794d11532d940e8dec38ae307ed0b63cd97c233322e221f998767a6'
},
{
anonymous: false,
inputs: [Array],
name: 'Transfer',
type: 'event',
constant: undefined,
payable: undefined,
signature: '0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef'
},
{
constant: true,
inputs: [Array],
name: 'allowance',
outputs: [Array],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'view',
type: 'function',
signature: '0xdd62ed3e'
},
{
constant: false,
inputs: [Array],
name: 'approve',
outputs: [Array],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'nonpayable',
type: 'function',
signature: '0x095ea7b3'
},
{
constant: true,
inputs: [Array],
name: 'balanceOf',
outputs: [Array],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'view',
type: 'function',
signature: '0x70a08231'
},
{
constant: true,
inputs: [],
name: 'decimals',
outputs: [Array],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'view',
type: 'function',
signature: '0x313ce567'
},
{
constant: true,
inputs: [],
name: 'name',
outputs: [Array],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'view',
type: 'function',
signature: '0x06fdde03'
},
{
constant: true,
inputs: [],
name: 'owner',
outputs: [Array],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'view',
type: 'function',
signature: '0x8da5cb5b'
},
{
constant: true,
inputs: [],
name: 'symbol',
outputs: [Array],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'view',
type: 'function',
signature: '0x95d89b41'
},
{
constant: true,
inputs: [],
name: 'totalSupply',
outputs: [Array],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'view',
type: 'function',
signature: '0x18160ddd'
},
{
constant: false,
inputs: [Array],
name: 'transfer',
outputs: [Array],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'nonpayable',
type: 'function',
signature: '0xa9059cbb'
},
{
constant: false,
inputs: [Array],
name: 'transferFrom',
outputs: [Array],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'nonpayable',
type: 'function',
signature: '0x23b872dd'
},
{
constant: false,
inputs: [],
name: 'pledge',
outputs: [Array],
payable: true,
stateMutability: 'payable',
type: 'function',
signature: '0x88ffe867'
},
{
constant: false,
inputs: [Array],
name: 'redeem',
outputs: [Array],
payable: false,
stateMutability: 'nonpayable',
type: 'function',
signature: '0xdb006a75'
}
],
address: '0xB378420cde84c7A73EecfAeE2fC91ED364F45E9F',
transactionHash: undefined,
contract: Contract {
currentProvider: [Getter/Setter],
_requestManager: RequestManager {
provider: [HttpProvider],
providers: [Object],
subscriptions: {}
},
givenProvider: null,
providers: {
WebsocketProvider: [Function: WebsocketProvider],
HttpProvider: [Function: HttpProvider],
IpcProvider: [Function: IpcProvider]
},
_provider: HttpProvider {
host: 'http://127.0.0.1:9545/',
httpAgent: [Agent],
timeout: 0,
headers: undefined,
connected: true,
send: [Function (anonymous)],
_alreadyWrapped: true
},
setProvider: [Function (anonymous)],
BatchRequest: [Function: bound Batch],
extend: [Function: ex] {
formatters: [Object],
utils: [Object],
Method: [Function: Method]
},
clearSubscriptions: [Function (anonymous)],
options: { address: [Getter/Setter], jsonInterface: [Getter/Setter] },
defaultAccount: [Getter/Setter],
defaultBlock: [Getter/Setter],
methods: {
allowance: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0xdd62ed3e': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'allowance(address,address)': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
approve: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0x095ea7b3': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'approve(address,uint256)': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
balanceOf: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0x70a08231': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'balanceOf(address)': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
decimals: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0x313ce567': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'decimals()': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
name: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0x06fdde03': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'name()': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
owner: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0x8da5cb5b': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'owner()': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
symbol: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0x95d89b41': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'symbol()': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
totalSupply: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0x18160ddd': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'totalSupply()': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
transfer: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0xa9059cbb': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'transfer(address,uint256)': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
transferFrom: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0x23b872dd': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'transferFrom(address,address,uint256)': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
pledge: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0x88ffe867': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'pledge()': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
redeem: [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'0xdb006a75': [Function: bound _createTxObject],
'redeem(uint256)': [Function: bound _createTxObject]
},
events: {
Approval: [Function: bound ],
'0x8c5be1e5ebec7d5bd14f71427d1e84f3dd0314c0f7b2291e5b200ac8c7c3b925': [Function: bound ],
'Approval(address,address,uint256)': [Function: bound ],
Pledge: [Function: bound ],
'0x5e91ea8ea1c46300eb761859be01d7b16d44389ef91e03a163a87413cbf55b95': [Function: bound ],
'Pledge(address,uint256)': [Function: bound ],
Redeem: [Function: bound ],
'0x222838db2794d11532d940e8dec38ae307ed0b63cd97c233322e221f998767a6': [Function: bound ],
'Redeem(address,uint256)': [Function: bound ],
Transfer: [Function: bound ],
'0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef': [Function: bound ],
'Transfer(address,address,uint256)': [Function: bound ],
allEvents: [Function: bound ]
},
_address: '0xB378420cde84c7A73EecfAeE2fC91ED364F45E9F',
_jsonInterface: [
[Object], [Object],
[Object], [Object],
[Object], [Object],
[Object], [Object],
[Object], [Object],
[Object], [Object],
[Object], [Object],
[Object], [Object],
[Object]
]
},
Approval: [Function (anonymous)],
Pledge: [Function (anonymous)],
Redeem: [Function (anonymous)],
Transfer: [Function (anonymous)],
allowance: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
approve: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
balanceOf: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
decimals: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
name: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
owner: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
symbol: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
totalSupply: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
transfer: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
transferFrom: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
pledge: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
redeem: [Function (anonymous)] {
call: [Function (anonymous)],
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
estimateGas: [Function (anonymous)],
request: [Function (anonymous)]
},
sendTransaction: [Function (anonymous)],
send: [Function (anonymous)],
allEvents: [Function (anonymous)],
getPastEvents: [Function (anonymous)]
}
truffle(develop)>
5.3 查询account[0]余额，即truffle自带的10个账户中的第一个账户余额
ruffle(develop)> web3.eth.getBalance(accounts[0])
'99948512240000000000'
truffle(develop)>
5.4 调用合约
简单的DeFi.sol合约内容如下
pragma solidity >=0.4.25 <0.7.0;
contract Token{
mapping (address => uint256) balances;
string public name;
string public symbol;
uint8 public decimals;
uint256 public totalSupply;
mapping (address => mapping (address => uint256)) allowed;
//ERC20 Token Standard: https://eips.ethereum.org/EIPS/eip-20
constructor() public {
name = "Token"; // Set the name
symbol = "TK"; // Set the symbol
decimals = 18; // Amount of decimals for display purposes
// totalSupply = 1000000000000000000000; // Not set total supply
}
//Returns the account balance of another account with address _owner.
function balanceOf(address _owner) public view returns (uint256 balance) {
return balances[_owner];
}
/* Transfers _value amount of tokens to address _to, and MUST fire the Transfer event.
The function SHOULD throw if the message caller’s account balance does not have enough tokens to spend.
Note Transfers of 0 values MUST be treated as normal transfers and fire the Transfer event.*/
function transfer(address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
require(_value > 0 ); // Check if token's value to be send > 0
require(balances[msg.sender] >= _value); // Check if the sender has enough token
require(balances[_to] + _value > balances[_to]); // Check for overflows
balances[msg.sender] -= _value; // Subtract token from the sender
balances[_to] += _value; // Add the same amount to the receiver
emit Transfer(msg.sender, _to, _value); // Notify anyone listening that this transaction happen.
return true;
}
/* The transferFrom method is used for a withdraw workflow,
allowing contracts to transfer tokens on your behalf.
This can be used for example to allow a contract to transfer tokens on your behalf and/or to charge fees in sub-currencies.
The function SHOULD throw unless the _from account has deliberately authorized the sender of the message via some mechanism.
Note Transfers of 0 values MUST be treated as normal transfers and fire the Transfer event.*/
function transferFrom(address _from, address _to, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
require(balances[_from] >= _value); // Check if the sender has enough token
require(balances[_to] + _value >= balances[_to]); // Check for overflows
require(_value <= allowed[_from][msg.sender]); // Check allowance
balances[_from] -= _value; // Subtract from the sender
balances[_to] += _value; // Add the same amount to the receiver
allowed[_from][msg.sender] -= _value;
emit Transfer(_from, _to, _value);
return true;
}
/* Allows _spender to withdraw from your account multiple times,
up to the _value amount. If this function is called again it overwrites the current allowance with _value.
NOTE: To prevent attack vectors like the one described here and discussed here,
clients SHOULD make sure to create user interfaces in such a way that they set the allowance first to 0 before setting it to another value for the same spender.
THOUGH The contract itself shouldn’t enforce it, to allow backwards compatibility with contracts deployed before */
function approve(address _spender, uint256 _value) public returns (bool success) {
require(balances[msg.sender] >= _value);
allowed[msg.sender][_spender] = _value;
emit Approval(msg.sender, _spender, _value);
return true;
}
//Returns the amount which _spender is still allowed to withdraw from _owner.
function allowance(address _owner, address _spender) public view returns (uint256 remaining) {
return allowed[_owner][_spender];
}
//The event for tranfer and approve
event Transfer(address indexed _from, address indexed _to, uint256 _value);
event Approval(address indexed _owner, address indexed _spender, uint256 _value);
}
contract DeFi is Token{
//声明owner，暂时没作用
address public owner ;
//声明 用户-抵押ETH数量 mapping
mapping (address => uint) pledgeETHAmount;
//声明 抵押/赎回时的event
event Pledge(address user, uint256 amount);
event Redeem(address user, uint256 amount);
//构造函数，只在合约被部署的时候执行一次
constructor() public {
owner = msg.sender ;
}
//抵押功能
function pledge() public payable returns(bool success){
//ETH抵押金额必须大于0
require(msg.value > 0, "Not enough ETH to pledge.");
//抵押操作
// 1. 1:1贷出ERC20 Token
Token.balances[msg.sender] += msg.value;
// 2. 写入抵押信息map，记录用户抵押ETH的数量：单位wei
pledgeETHAmount[msg.sender] += msg.value;
// 3. 更新Token总量
Token.totalSupply += msg.value;
//记录抵押事件
emit Pledge(msg.sender,msg.value);
return true;
}
//赎回功能
function redeem(uint256 value) public returns(bool success){
//要求赎回ETH的数量必须 <= Token余额
require(value <= Token.balances[msg.sender],"Not enough ETH to redeem.");
//赎回操作
// 1. 在合约转出ETH到用户地址之前将待发金额减少，更新用户Token余额和Token总量，来防止重入（re-entrancy）攻击
Token.balances[msg.sender] -= value;
Token.totalSupply -= value;
// 2. 从合约里转ETH到对应用户
msg.sender.transfer(value);
//记录赎回事件
emit Redeem(msg.sender,value);
return true;
}
}
尝试用accounts[0]作为交易的发起方调用pledge函数，并向合约转入0.05 eth，gas设置为 220000
truffle(develop)> defi.pledge.sendTransaction({ from: accounts[0], value: web3.utils.toWei("0.05", "ether"), gas: "220000"})
{
tx: '0x1231db0725c3a29825b176baeddf8817d24d363f25b9405d3d1c9a5b4ea62216',
receipt: {
transactionHash: '0x1231db0725c3a29825b176baeddf8817d24d363f25b9405d3d1c9a5b4ea62216',
transactionIndex: 0,
blockHash: '0x50cf21460fcec3ead1f907c3d5ce65518ab0d461179738482f0514b2e355314c',
blockNumber: 9,
from: '0x843acfb41e5c0f1e0587c5b765d897ccdea8c4dd',
to: '0xb378420cde84c7a73eecfaee2fc91ed364f45e9f',
gasUsed: 85311,
cumulativeGasUsed: 85311,
contractAddress: null,
logs: [ [Object] ],
status: true,
logsBloom: '0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008000000000000000000000000000000000200000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
rawLogs: [ [Object] ]
},
logs: [
{
logIndex: 0,
transactionIndex: 0,
transactionHash: '0x1231db0725c3a29825b176baeddf8817d24d363f25b9405d3d1c9a5b4ea62216',
blockHash: '0x50cf21460fcec3ead1f907c3d5ce65518ab0d461179738482f0514b2e355314c',
blockNumber: 9,
address: '0xB378420cde84c7A73EecfAeE2fC91ED364F45E9F',
type: 'mined',
id: 'log_f43bb4d5',
event: 'Pledge',
args: [Result]
}
]
}
truffle(develop)>
查询合约余额，确认合约是否接收到0.05 eth
truffle(develop)> let contract = await defi.address
undefined
truffle(develop)> web3.eth.getBalance(contract)
'50000000000000000' //单位wei
truffle(develop)>
结果如预期之后，再调用pledge函数，并向合约转入0.006 eth，gas设置为 220000，并查看result结果
truffle(develop)> let result = await defi.pledge.sendTransaction({ from: accounts[0], value: web3.utils.toWei("0.006", "ether"), gas: "220000"})
undefined
truffle(develop)> result
{
tx: '0xae408007ed7268549ee312d79c2010d5c3961e381c12996636d334d877435705',
receipt: {
transactionHash: '0xae408007ed7268549ee312d79c2010d5c3961e381c12996636d334d877435705',
transactionIndex: 0,
blockHash: '0x03dddaab0d1eb8b50287785b3327a288517227cf278532ac3c0f0af02d40d274',
blockNumber: 10,
from: '0x843acfb41e5c0f1e0587c5b765d897ccdea8c4dd',
to: '0xb378420cde84c7a73eecfaee2fc91ed364f45e9f',
gasUsed: 40311,
cumulativeGasUsed: 40311,
contractAddress: null,
logs: [ [Object] ],
status: true,
logsBloom: '0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008000000000000000000000000000000000200000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
rawLogs: [ [Object] ]
},
logs: [
{
logIndex: 0,
transactionIndex: 0,
transactionHash: '0xae408007ed7268549ee312d79c2010d5c3961e381c12996636d334d877435705',
blockHash: '0x03dddaab0d1eb8b50287785b3327a288517227cf278532ac3c0f0af02d40d274',
blockNumber: 10,
address: '0xB378420cde84c7A73EecfAeE2fC91ED364F45E9F',
type: 'mined',
id: 'log_5f234e76',
event: 'Pledge',
args: [Result]
}
]
}
truffle(develop)> result.tx //result.tx (string) - 交易哈希 hash
'0xae408007ed7268549ee312d79c2010d5c3961e381c12996636d334d877435705'
truffle(develop)> result.receipt //result.receipt (object) - 交易收据 receipt（包括使用的gas）
{
transactionHash: '0xae408007ed7268549ee312d79c2010d5c3961e381c12996636d334d877435705',
transactionIndex: 0,
blockHash: '0x03dddaab0d1eb8b50287785b3327a288517227cf278532ac3c0f0af02d40d274',
blockNumber: 10,
from: '0x843acfb41e5c0f1e0587c5b765d897ccdea8c4dd',
to: '0xb378420cde84c7a73eecfaee2fc91ed364f45e9f',
gasUsed: 40311,
cumulativeGasUsed: 40311,
contractAddress: null,
logs: [
{
logIndex: 0,
transactionIndex: 0,
transactionHash: '0xae408007ed7268549ee312d79c2010d5c3961e381c12996636d334d877435705',
blockHash: '0x03dddaab0d1eb8b50287785b3327a288517227cf278532ac3c0f0af02d40d274',
blockNumber: 10,
address: '0xB378420cde84c7A73EecfAeE2fC91ED364F45E9F',
type: 'mined',
id: 'log_5f234e76',
event: 'Pledge',
args: [Result]
}
],
status: true,
logsBloom: '0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000400000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000004000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000008000000000000000000000000000000000200000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
rawLogs: [
{
logIndex: 0,
transactionIndex: 0,
transactionHash: '0xae408007ed7268549ee312d79c2010d5c3961e381c12996636d334d877435705',
blockHash: '0x03dddaab0d1eb8b50287785b3327a288517227cf278532ac3c0f0af02d40d274',
blockNumber: 10,
address: '0xB378420cde84c7A73EecfAeE2fC91ED364F45E9F',
data: '0x000000000000000000000000843acfb41e5c0f1e0587c5b765d897ccdea8c4dd000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001550f7dca70000',
topics: [Array],
type: 'mined',
id: 'log_5f234e76'
}
]
}
truffle(develop)> result.logs //result.logs (array) - 解码过的事件 (日志)
[
{
logIndex: 0,
transactionIndex: 0,
transactionHash: '0xae408007ed7268549ee312d79c2010d5c3961e381c12996636d334d877435705',
blockHash: '0x03dddaab0d1eb8b50287785b3327a288517227cf278532ac3c0f0af02d40d274',
blockNumber: 10,
address: '0xB378420cde84c7A73EecfAeE2fC91ED364F45E9F',
type: 'mined',
id: 'log_5f234e76',
event: 'Pledge',
args: Result {
'0': '0x843ACfB41E5c0F1E0587C5B765d897cCDeA8c4DD',
'1': [BN],
__length__: 2,
user: '0x843ACfB41E5c0F1E0587C5B765d897cCDeA8c4DD',
amount: [BN]
}
}
]
truffle(develop)>
再次查看合约eth余额,如预期：0.05 + 0.006 = 0.056 eth
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truffle(develop)> web3.eth.getBalance(contract)
'56000000000000000' //单位wei
truffle(develop)>
6. 进阶
