124. Binary Tree Maximum Path Sum

Given a non-empty binary tree, find the maximum path sum.

For this problem, a path is defined as any sequence of nodes from some starting node to any node in the tree along the parent-child connections. The path must contain at least one node and does not need to go through the root.

Input: [1,2,3]

       1
      / \
     2   3

Output: 6
Input: [-10,9,20,null,null,15,7]

   -10
   / \
  9  20
    /  \
   15   7

Output: 42

题意:

在BST中找到一条path(这条path至少包含一个node)使它path上所有node的和最大

思路:

这是一道关于BST和recursion的经典题,需要掌握

最naive的想法是找到所有BST的path,返回max

发现, 任意一条path都有一个顶点(位置最高点)

我们用这个顶点来分解所有path

这样,以任意一个点为顶点的path就分解为

a. max_sum (左边path)

b. max_sum (右边path)

c. 顶点自己的value

进一步,

a + b + c 组成的人字形path的max path sum

     2
    /  \
   1    -3

dfs的return value :  2(顶点自己的value必须加上,无论正负) +  1 (正数贡献自己) + 0 (-3为负数不做贡献就是及时止损了)  = 3 

代码:

 1 /**
 2  * Definition for a binary tree node.
 3  * public class TreeNode {
 4  *     int val;
 5  *     TreeNode left;
 6  *     TreeNode right;
 7  *     TreeNode(int x) { val = x; }
 8  * }
 9  */
10 class Solution {
11     public int maxPathSum(TreeNode root) {
12         // corner case 
13         if(root == null){
14             return 0;
15         }
16         int[] maxPath = new int[]{Integer.MIN_VALUE};
17         dfs(root, maxPath);
18         return maxPath[0];
19     }
20     
21     private int dfs(TreeNode root, int[]maxPath){
22         int left = root.left != null ? Math.max(dfs(root.left, maxPath), 0) : 0;
23         int right = root.right != null ? Math.max(dfs(root.right, maxPath), 0) : 0;
24         int cur = root.val + left + right;
25         maxPath[0] = Math.max(maxPath[0], cur);
26         return root.val  + Math.max(left, right);
27     }   
28 }

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转载自www.cnblogs.com/liuliu5151/p/9070198.html