Python使用COM组件操作Excel

原文来自：https://www.cnblogs.com/jasonli-01/articles/6612020.html

做了小部分修改，比如原文中使用win32com.client.Dispatch，这个是在一个进程中操作Excel，如果正在编辑一个Excel，又在运行这段代码，会有一定的影响。

所以我修改成了win32com.client.DispatchEx，这表示重新创建一个进程，并在其中操作Excel，如上情况是不会有影响的。

 

注意：需要先pip install pywin32

 

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- 
import win32com.client
import os
import sys

def getScriptPath():
    return os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0]

class easyExcel:    
    """A utility to make it easier to get at Excel.    Remembering  
    to save the data is your problem, as is    error handling.  
    Operates on one workbook at a time."""    
    def __init__(self, filename=None):  #打开文件或者新建文件（如果不存在的话）  
        self.xlApp = win32com.client.DispatchEx('Excel.Application')    
        if filename:    
            self.filename = filename    
            self.xlBook = self.xlApp.Workbooks.Open(filename)    
        else:    
            self.xlBook = self.xlApp.Workbooks.Add()    
            self.filename = ''  
      
    def save(self, newfilename=None):  #保存文件  
        if newfilename:    
            self.filename = newfilename    
            self.xlBook.SaveAs(newfilename)    
        else:    
            self.xlBook.Save()        
    def close(self):  #关闭文件  
        self.xlBook.Close(SaveChanges=0)    
        self.xlApp.Quit()  
    def getCell(self, sheet, row, col):  #获取单元格的数据  
        "Get value of one cell"    
        sht = self.xlBook.Worksheets(sheet)    
        return sht.Cells(row, col).Value    
    def setCell(self, sheet, row, col, value):  #设置单元格的数据  
        "set value of one cell"    
        sht = self.xlBook.Worksheets(sheet)    
        sht.Cells(row, col).Value = value  
    def setCellformat(self, sheet, row, col):  #设置单元格的数据  
        "set value of one cell"    
        sht = self.xlBook.Worksheets(sheet)    
        sht.Cells(row, col).Font.Size = 15#字体大小  
        sht.Cells(row, col).Font.Bold = True#是否黑体  
        sht.Cells(row, col).Name = "Arial"#字体类型  
        sht.Cells(row, col).Interior.ColorIndex = 3#表格背景  
        #sht.Range("A1").Borders.LineStyle = xlDouble  
        sht.Cells(row, col).BorderAround(1,4)#表格边框  
        sht.Rows(3).RowHeight = 30#行高  
        sht.Cells(row, col).HorizontalAlignment = -4131 #水平居中xlCenter  
        sht.Cells(row, col).VerticalAlignment = -4160 #  
    def deleteRow(self, sheet, row):  
        sht = self.xlBook.Worksheets(sheet)  
        sht.Rows(row).Delete()#删除行  
        sht.Columns(row).Delete()#删除列
    def getRange(self, sheet, row1, col1, row2, col2):  #获得一块区域的数据，返回为一个二维元组  
        "return a 2d array (i.e. tuple of tuples)"    
        sht = self.xlBook.Worksheets(sheet)  
        return sht.Range(sht.Cells(row1, col1), sht.Cells(row2, col2)).Value    
    def addPicture(self, sheet, pictureName, Left, Top, Width, Height):  #插入图片  
        "Insert a picture in sheet"    
        sht = self.xlBook.Worksheets(sheet)    
        sht.Shapes.AddPicture(pictureName, 1, 1, Left, Top, Width, Height)    
    
    def cpSheet(self, before):  #复制工作表  
        "copy sheet"    
        shts = self.xlBook.Worksheets    
        shts(1).Copy(None,shts(1))

    def inserRow(self,sheet,row):
        sht = self.xlBook.Worksheets(sheet)
        sht.Rows(row).Insert(1)

      #下面是一些测试代码。
if __name__ == "__main__":    
    # #PNFILE = r'c:/screenshot.bmp'  
    # xls = easyExcel()     
    # #xls.addPicture('Sheet1', PNFILE, 20,20,1000,1000)    
    # #xls.cpSheet('Sheet1')  
    # xls.setCell('sheet1', 2, 1, 88)  
    # row=1  
    # col=1  
    # print("*******beginsetCellformat********")  
    # # while(row<5):
    # #   while(col<5):
    # #       xls.setCellformat('sheet1',row,col)
    # #       col += 1
    # #       print("row=%s,col=%s" %(row,col))
    # #   row += 1
    # #   col=1
    # #   print("*******row********")
    # # print("*******endsetCellformat********")
    # # print("*******deleteRow********")
    # # xls.deleteRow('sheet1',5)
    # xls.inserRow('sheet1',7)
    # xls.save(getScriptPath() + "\\test1.xlsx")    
    # xls.close()


    newApp = win32com.client.DispatchEx('Excel.Application')
    newWorkBook = newApp.WorkBooks.Add()
    newSheet = newWorkBook.Worksheets.Add()
    newSheet.Cells(1,2).Value = "testsheet"
    newWorkBook.SaveAs(getScriptPath() + "\\test2.xlsx")
    newWorkBook.Close()
    newApp.Quit()

感觉保存的时候有点慢，具体原因不明。

官方手册位置：https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/office/vba/api/overview/