使用Python操作excel文件

依赖环境

读取excel表里的数据，需要依赖的包是xlrd，首先需要安装xlrd包

pip3 install xlrd

简单的常用命令

#coding=utf-8
import xlrd
'''
文件路径比较重要，要以这种方式去写文件路径不用
'''
file_path = r'd:/功率因数.xlsx' #读取的文件路径 file_path = file_path.decode('utf-8') #文件中的中文转码 data = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path) #获取数据 table = data.sheet_by_name('历史数据') #获取sheet nrows = table.nrows #获取总行数 ncols = table.ncols #获取总列数  table.row_values(i) #获取一行的数值 table.col_values(i) #获取一列的数值 #获取一个单元格的数值 cell_value = table.cell(a,b).value

 本地excel文件测试版本

#-*- coding=utf-8 -*-
import xlrd
def open_excel(file= 'file.xls'): try: data = xlrd.open_workbook(file) return data except Exception as e: print(str(e)) def excel_table_byname(file= u'D:\\test\\学信网zh.xlsx',colnameindex=0,by_name=u'Sheet1'):#修改自己路径 data = open_excel(file) table = data.sheet_by_name(by_name) #获得表格 nrows = table.nrows # 拿到总共行数 colnames = table.row_values(colnameindex) # 某一行数据 ['姓名', '用户名', '联系方式', '密码'] list = [] for rownum in range(1, nrows): #也就是从Excel第二行开始，第一行表头不算 row = table.row_values(rownum) if row: app = {} for i in range(len(colnames)): app[colnames[i]] = row[i] #表头与数据对应 list.append(app) return list def main(): tables = excel_table_byname() for row in tables: print(row) if __name__ =="__main__": main()

读取excel文件录入数据库

代码示例

# coding: utf-8
from __future__ import unicode_literals from questionnaire.models import Paper, QuestionnaireTag, QuestionnaireAnswer, ChoiceQuestion, QuestionnaireQuota, \ SubjectQuestion import xlrd import os from education import settings def choicequestion_init(): # 遍历文件夹 file_package = os.listdir(os.path.join(os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR, 'education', 'init', 'choicequestion'))) for file in file_package: if not os.path.isdir(file): # 判断是否是文件夹，不是文件夹才打开 workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(os.path.join( os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR, 'education', 'init', 'choicequestion') + "/" + file)) # 打开文件 sheet_names = workbook.sheet_names() # 循环Excel文件的所有行 for sheet in sheet_names: sheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheet) if sheet.name: tag_obj = QuestionnaireTag.objects.create(name=sheet.name) # 创建试卷 paper_obj = Paper() paper_obj.name = tag_obj.name paper_obj.questionnairetag = tag_obj paper_obj.save() last_obj = None for index, row in enumerate(sheet.get_rows()): if index == 0: continue if row[0].value: if not QuestionnaireQuota.objects.filter(name=row[0].value): parent_obj = QuestionnaireQuota.objects.create(name=row[0].value) if not QuestionnaireQuota.objects.filter(name=row[1].value): children_obj = QuestionnaireQuota.objects.create(name=row[1].value, parent=parent_obj) last_obj = parent_obj else: if not QuestionnaireQuota.objects.filter(name=row[0].value): children_obj = QuestionnaireQuota.objects.create(name=row[1].value, parent=last_obj) type_name = "" if row[3].value == "单选": type_name = "single" elif row[3].value == "多选": type_name = "multiple" is_textfield = False if row[4].value == "否": is_textfield = False elif row[4].value == "是": is_textfield = True ans = {} num = 65 for i in range(5, len(row)): ans["option_%s" % (chr(num))] = row[i].value num += 1 question_obj = ChoiceQuestion.objects.create(stem=row[2].value, type=type_name, is_textfield=is_textfield, **ans) question_obj.questionnairequotas.add(children_obj) question_obj.questionnairetags.add(tag_obj) question_obj.save() paper_obj.choicequestions.add(question_obj) paper_obj.save()

#coding=utf-8
import xlrd
'''
文件路径比较重要，要以这种方式去写文件路径不用
'''
file_path = r'd:/功率因数.xlsx' #读取的文件路径 file_path = file_path.decode('utf-8') #文件中的中文转码 data = xlrd.open_workbook(file_path) #获取数据 table = data.sheet_by_name('历史数据') #获取sheet nrows = table.nrows #获取总行数 ncols = table.ncols #获取总列数  table.row_values(i) #获取一行的数值 table.col_values(i) #获取一列的数值 #获取一个单元格的数值 cell_value = table.cell(a,b).value

 本地excel文件测试版本

#-*- coding=utf-8 -*-
import xlrd
def open_excel(file= 'file.xls'): try: data = xlrd.open_workbook(file) return data except Exception as e: print(str(e)) def excel_table_byname(file= u'D:\\test\\学信网zh.xlsx',colnameindex=0,by_name=u'Sheet1'):#修改自己路径 data = open_excel(file) table = data.sheet_by_name(by_name) #获得表格 nrows = table.nrows # 拿到总共行数 colnames = table.row_values(colnameindex) # 某一行数据 ['姓名', '用户名', '联系方式', '密码'] list = [] for rownum in range(1, nrows): #也就是从Excel第二行开始，第一行表头不算 row = table.row_values(rownum) if row: app = {} for i in range(len(colnames)): app[colnames[i]] = row[i] #表头与数据对应 list.append(app) return list def main(): tables = excel_table_byname() for row in tables: print(row) if __name__ =="__main__": main()

读取excel文件录入数据库

代码示例

# coding: utf-8
from __future__ import unicode_literals from questionnaire.models import Paper, QuestionnaireTag, QuestionnaireAnswer, ChoiceQuestion, QuestionnaireQuota, \ SubjectQuestion import xlrd import os from education import settings def choicequestion_init(): # 遍历文件夹 file_package = os.listdir(os.path.join(os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR, 'education', 'init', 'choicequestion'))) for file in file_package: if not os.path.isdir(file): # 判断是否是文件夹，不是文件夹才打开 workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(os.path.join( os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR, 'education', 'init', 'choicequestion') + "/" + file)) # 打开文件 sheet_names = workbook.sheet_names() # 循环Excel文件的所有行 for sheet in sheet_names: sheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheet) if sheet.name: tag_obj = QuestionnaireTag.objects.create(name=sheet.name) # 创建试卷 paper_obj = Paper() paper_obj.name = tag_obj.name paper_obj.questionnairetag = tag_obj paper_obj.save() last_obj = None for index, row in enumerate(sheet.get_rows()): if index == 0: continue if row[0].value: if not QuestionnaireQuota.objects.filter(name=row[0].value): parent_obj = QuestionnaireQuota.objects.create(name=row[0].value) if not QuestionnaireQuota.objects.filter(name=row[1].value): children_obj = QuestionnaireQuota.objects.create(name=row[1].value, parent=parent_obj) last_obj = parent_obj else: if not QuestionnaireQuota.objects.filter(name=row[0].value): children_obj = QuestionnaireQuota.objects.create(name=row[1].value, parent=last_obj) type_name = "" if row[3].value == "单选": type_name = "single" elif row[3].value == "多选": type_name = "multiple" is_textfield = False if row[4].value == "否": is_textfield = False elif row[4].value == "是": is_textfield = True ans = {} num = 65 for i in range(5, len(row)): ans["option_%s" % (chr(num))] = row[i].value num += 1 question_obj = ChoiceQuestion.objects.create(stem=row[2].value, type=type_name, is_textfield=is_textfield, **ans) question_obj.questionnairequotas.add(children_obj) question_obj.questionnairetags.add(tag_obj) question_obj.save() paper_obj.choicequestions.add(question_obj) paper_obj.save()

读取excel文件录入数据库

代码示例

# coding: utf-8
from __future__ import unicode_literals from questionnaire.models import Paper, QuestionnaireTag, QuestionnaireAnswer, ChoiceQuestion, QuestionnaireQuota, \ SubjectQuestion import xlrd import os from education import settings def choicequestion_init(): # 遍历文件夹 file_package = os.listdir(os.path.join(os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR, 'education', 'init', 'choicequestion'))) for file in file_package: if not os.path.isdir(file): # 判断是否是文件夹，不是文件夹才打开 workbook = xlrd.open_workbook(os.path.join( os.path.join(settings.BASE_DIR, 'education', 'init', 'choicequestion') + "/" + file)) # 打开文件 sheet_names = workbook.sheet_names() # 循环Excel文件的所有行 for sheet in sheet_names: sheet = workbook.sheet_by_name(sheet) if sheet.name: tag_obj = QuestionnaireTag.objects.create(name=sheet.name) # 创建试卷 paper_obj = Paper() paper_obj.name = tag_obj.name paper_obj.questionnairetag = tag_obj paper_obj.save() last_obj = None for index, row in enumerate(sheet.get_rows()): if index == 0: continue if row[0].value: if not QuestionnaireQuota.objects.filter(name=row[0].value): parent_obj = QuestionnaireQuota.objects.create(name=row[0].value) if not QuestionnaireQuota.objects.filter(name=row[1].value): children_obj = QuestionnaireQuota.objects.create(name=row[1].value, parent=parent_obj) last_obj = parent_obj else: if not QuestionnaireQuota.objects.filter(name=row[0].value): children_obj = QuestionnaireQuota.objects.create(name=row[1].value, parent=last_obj) type_name = "" if row[3].value == "单选": type_name = "single" elif row[3].value == "多选": type_name = "multiple" is_textfield = False if row[4].value == "否": is_textfield = False elif row[4].value == "是": is_textfield = True ans = {} num = 65 for i in range(5, len(row)): ans["option_%s" % (chr(num))] = row[i].value num += 1 question_obj = ChoiceQuestion.objects.create(stem=row[2].value, type=type_name, is_textfield=is_textfield, **ans) question_obj.questionnairequotas.add(children_obj) question_obj.questionnairetags.add(tag_obj) question_obj.save() paper_obj.choicequestions.add(question_obj) paper_obj.save()