spring源码笔记,依赖注入(DI)

前面我们主要分析了FileSystemXmlApplicationContext这个具体的IoC容器的初始化源码实现,在IoC容器中建立了BeanDefinition的数据映射,将其和beanName一起绑定在一个ConcurrentHashMap中。现在我们来看一下spring是如何将IoC容器中的Bean根据配置关联在一起的。
Spring中触发IoC容器“依赖注入”的方式有两种,一个是通过getBean()向容器索要bean时触发依赖注入;另一个是给bean配置lazy-init属性,spring会自动调用此bean的getBean()方法,提前完成依赖注入。总的来说,想提高运行时获取bean的效率,可以考虑配置此属性。
下面我将分别解读这两种依赖注入的触发方式,先看getBean()的,因为lazy-init最后也是通过调用getBean完成的依赖注入。
(PS:可以结合我GitHub上对spring框架源码的阅读及个人理解一起看,会更有助于各位开发姥爷理解,如果对你们有帮助的,还望各位老爷watch,star,fork,素质三连一波
地址:
spring-beans https://github.com/AmyliaY/spring-beans-reading
spring-context https://github.com/AmyliaY/spring-context-reading

1、AbstractBeanFactory中的getBean()系列方法及doGetBean()具体实现

	//---------------------------------------------------------------------
	// BeanFactory接口的实现,下列的getBean()方法不论是哪种重载,最后都会走
	// doGetBean(final String name, final Class<T> requiredType, final Object[] args, boolean typeCheckOnly)的具体实现
	//---------------------------------------------------------------------

	// 获取IOC容器中指定名称的Bean
	public Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException {
		return doGetBean(name, null, null, false);
	}

	// 获取IOC容器中指定名称和类型的Bean
	public <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException {
		return doGetBean(name, requiredType, null, false);
	}

	// 获取IOC容器中指定名称和参数的Bean
	public Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException {
		return doGetBean(name, null, args, false);
	}

	// 获取IOC容器中指定名称、类型和参数的Bean
	public <T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType, Object... args) throws BeansException {
		return doGetBean(name, requiredType, args, false);
	}

	// 真正实现向IOC容器获取Bean的功能,也是触发依赖注入(DI)功能的地方
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	protected <T> T doGetBean(final String name, final Class<T> requiredType, final Object[] args, 
			boolean typeCheckOnly) throws BeansException {

		// 根据用户指定的名称获取IoC容器中与BeanDefinition对应的beanName
	    // 如果指定的是别名,则将别名转换为规范的beanName
		final String beanName = transformedBeanName(name);
		Object bean;

		// 先查看缓存中是否有对应的,已创建的单例Bean,对于单例Bean,整个IOC容器中只创建一次
		Object sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName);
		if (sharedInstance != null && args == null) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				if (isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
					logger.debug("Returning eagerly cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName +
							"' that is not fully initialized yet - a consequence of a circular reference");
				}
				else {
					logger.debug("Returning cached instance of singleton bean '" + beanName + "'");
				}
			}
		    // 获取给定Bean的实例对象,主要是完成FactoryBean的相关处理  
            // 注意:BeanFactory本质上是一个IoC容器,而FactoryBean是IoC容器中一种特殊的工厂bean
            // 能够生产其他对象,注意两者之间的区别
			bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, null);
		}

		else {
			if (isPrototypeCurrentlyInCreation(beanName)) {
				throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName);
			}

			// 获取当前容器的父容器
			BeanFactory parentBeanFactory = getParentBeanFactory();
			// 如果当前容器中没有指定的bean,且当前容器的父容器不为空
			// 则从父容器中去找,如果父容器也没有,则沿着当前容器的继承体系一直向上查找
			if (parentBeanFactory != null && !containsBeanDefinition(beanName)) {
				// 解析指定Bean名称的原始名称
				String nameToLookup = originalBeanName(name);
				if (args != null) {
					// 委派父级容器根据指定名称和显式的参数查找
					return (T) parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, args);
				}
				else {
					// 委派父容器根据指定名称和类型查找
					return parentBeanFactory.getBean(nameToLookup, requiredType);
				}
			}

			// 创建的Bean是否需要进行类型验证,一般不需要
			if (!typeCheckOnly) {
				// 向容器标记指定的Bean已经被创建
				markBeanAsCreated(beanName);
			}

			try {
		        // 根据beanName获取对应的RootBeanDefinition
				final RootBeanDefinition mbd = getMergedLocalBeanDefinition(beanName);
				checkMergedBeanDefinition(mbd, beanName, args);

				// 获取当前Bean依赖的所有Bean,下面的getBean(dependsOnBean)方法会触发getBean()的递归调用,
				// 直到取到一个不依赖任何其它bean的bean为止
				String[] dependsOn = mbd.getDependsOn();
				if (dependsOn != null) {
					for (String dependsOnBean : dependsOn) {
						// 递归调用getBean()方法,获取当前Bean所依赖的bean
						getBean(dependsOnBean);
						// 把当前bean所依赖的bean进行注入
						//(也就是通过setter或构造方法将依赖的bean赋值给当前bean对应的属性)
						registerDependentBean(dependsOnBean, beanName);
					}
				}

				// 创建单例模式bean的实例对象
				if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
					// 这里使用了一个匿名内部类,创建Bean实例对象,并且注册给所依赖的对象
					sharedInstance = getSingleton(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
						public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
							try {
								// 创建一个指定Bean实例对象,如果有父级继承,则合并子类和父类的定义
								return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
							}
							catch (BeansException ex) {
								destroySingleton(beanName);
								throw ex;
							}
						}
					});
					// 获取给定Bean的实例对象
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(sharedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}

				// IoC容器创建原型模式Bean实例对象
				else if (mbd.isPrototype()) {
					// 原型模式(Prototype)是每次都会创建一个新的对象
					Object prototypeInstance = null;
					try {
						// 回调beforePrototypeCreation方法,默认的功能是注册当前创建的原型对象
						beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
						// 创建指定Bean对象实例
						prototypeInstance = createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
					}
					finally {
						// 回调afterPrototypeCreation方法,默认的功能告诉IoC容器指定Bean的原型对象不再创建了
						afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
					}
					// 获取给定Bean的实例对象
					bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(prototypeInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
				}

				// 要创建的Bean既不是单例模式,也不是原型模式,则根据Bean定义资源中  
		        // 配置的生命周期范围,选择实例化Bean的合适方法,这种在Web应用程序中  
		        // 比较常用,如:request、session、application等的生命周期 
				else {
					// 获取此bean生命周期的范围
					String scopeName = mbd.getScope();
					final Scope scope = this.scopes.get(scopeName);
					// Bean定义资源中没有配置生命周期范围,则Bean定义不合法
					if (scope == null) {
						throw new IllegalStateException("No Scope registered for scope '" + scopeName + "'");
					}
					try {
						// 这里又使用了一个匿名内部类,获取一个指定生命周期范围的实例
						Object scopedInstance = scope.get(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
							public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
								beforePrototypeCreation(beanName);
								try {
									return createBean(beanName, mbd, args);
								}
								finally {
									afterPrototypeCreation(beanName);
								}
							}
						});
						// 获取给定Bean的实例对象
						bean = getObjectForBeanInstance(scopedInstance, name, beanName, mbd);
					}
					catch (IllegalStateException ex) {
						throw new BeanCreationException(beanName,
								"Scope '" + scopeName + "' is not active for the current thread; " +
								"consider defining a scoped proxy for this bean if you intend to refer to it from a singleton",
								ex);
					}
				}
			}
			catch (BeansException ex) {
				cleanupAfterBeanCreationFailure(beanName);
				throw ex;
			}
		}

		// 对创建的bean实例对象进行非空验证和类型检查,如果没问题就返回这个已经完成依赖注入的bean
		if (requiredType != null && bean != null && !requiredType.isAssignableFrom(bean.getClass())) {
			try {
				return getTypeConverter().convertIfNecessary(bean, requiredType);
			}
			catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
				if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
					logger.debug("Failed to convert bean '" + name + "' to required type [" +
							ClassUtils.getQualifiedName(requiredType) + "]", ex);
				}
				throw new BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException(name, requiredType, bean.getClass());
			}
		}
		return (T) bean;
	}

总的来说,getBean()方法是依赖注入的起点,之后会调用createBean(),根据BeanDefinition的定义生成bean对象,下面我们看看AbstractBeanFactory的子类AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory中对createBean()的具体实现。

2、AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory中的createBean()和doCreateBean()具体实现

	// 创建指定的bean实例对象
	@Override
	protected Object createBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args)
			throws BeanCreationException {

		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
		}
		// 判断需要创建的Bean是否可以实例化,是否可以通过当前的类加载器加载
		resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);

		try {
			// 校验和准备Bean中的方法覆盖
			mbd.prepareMethodOverrides();
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
			throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(mbd.getResourceDescription(),
					beanName, "Validation of method overrides failed", ex);
		}

		try {
			// 如果Bean配置了后置处理器PostProcessor,则这里返回一个proxy代理对象
			Object bean = resolveBeforeInstantiation(beanName, mbd);
			if (bean != null) {
				return bean;
			}
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
					"BeanPostProcessor before instantiation of bean failed", ex);
		}

		// 创建Bean实例对象的具体实现
		Object beanInstance = doCreateBean(beanName, mbd, args);
		if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
			logger.debug("Finished creating instance of bean '" + beanName + "'");
		}
		return beanInstance;
	}

	// 创建Bean实例对象的具体实现,spring中以do开头的都是方法的具体实现
	protected Object doCreateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd, final Object[] args) {
		
		// 封装被创建的Bean对象
		BeanWrapper instanceWrapper = null;
		// 如果这个bean是单例的,则从缓存中获取这个BeanWrapper实例并清除
		if (mbd.isSingleton()) {
			instanceWrapper = this.factoryBeanInstanceCache.remove(beanName);
		}
		if (instanceWrapper == null) {
			
			/**
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 * 创建实例对象
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 */
			instanceWrapper = createBeanInstance(beanName, mbd, args);
		}
		
		// 获取实例化对象和其类型
		final Object bean = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedInstance() : null);
		Class<?> beanType = (instanceWrapper != null ? instanceWrapper.getWrappedClass() : null);

		// 调用PostProcessor后置处理器
		synchronized (mbd.postProcessingLock) {
			if (!mbd.postProcessed) {
				applyMergedBeanDefinitionPostProcessors(mbd, beanType, beanName);
				mbd.postProcessed = true;
			}
		}

		// 向容器中缓存单例模式的Bean对象,以防循环引用
		boolean earlySingletonExposure = (mbd.isSingleton() && this.allowCircularReferences &&
				isSingletonCurrentlyInCreation(beanName));
		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
				logger.debug("Eagerly caching bean '" + beanName +
						"' to allow for resolving potential circular references");
			}
			// 这里是一个匿名内部类,为了防止循环引用,尽早持有对象的引用
			addSingletonFactory(beanName, new ObjectFactory<Object>() {
				public Object getObject() throws BeansException {
					return getEarlyBeanReference(beanName, mbd, bean);
				}
			});
		}

		// Bean对象的初始化,依赖注入在此触发  
	    // 这个exposedObject在初始化完成之后,将返回作为依赖注入完成后的Bean
		Object exposedObject = bean;
		try {
			/**
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 * 把生成的bean对象的依赖关系设置好,完成整个依赖注入过程
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 */
			populateBean(beanName, mbd, instanceWrapper);
			if (exposedObject != null) {
				// 初始化Bean对象 
				// 在对Bean实例对象生成和依赖注入完成以后,开始对Bean实例对象  
	            // 进行初始化 ,为Bean实例对象应用BeanPostProcessor后置处理器
				exposedObject = initializeBean(beanName, exposedObject, mbd);
			}
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			if (ex instanceof BeanCreationException && beanName.equals(((BeanCreationException) ex).getBeanName())) {
				throw (BeanCreationException) ex;
			}
			else {
				throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Initialization of bean failed", ex);
			}
		}

		if (earlySingletonExposure) {
			// 获取指定名称的已注册的单例模式Bean对象
			Object earlySingletonReference = getSingleton(beanName, false);
			if (earlySingletonReference != null) {
				// 如果根据名称获取的已注册的Bean和正在实例化的Bean是同一个
				if (exposedObject == bean) {
					// 当前实例化的Bean初始化完成
					exposedObject = earlySingletonReference;
				}
				// 如果当前Bean依赖其他Bean,并且当发生循环引用时不允许新创建实例对象
				else if (!this.allowRawInjectionDespiteWrapping && hasDependentBean(beanName)) {
					String[] dependentBeans = getDependentBeans(beanName);
					Set<String> actualDependentBeans = new LinkedHashSet<String>(dependentBeans.length);
					// 获取当前Bean所依赖的其他Bean 
					for (String dependentBean : dependentBeans) {
						// 对依赖Bean进行类型检查
						if (!removeSingletonIfCreatedForTypeCheckOnly(dependentBean)) {
							actualDependentBeans.add(dependentBean);
						}
					}
					if (!actualDependentBeans.isEmpty()) {
						throw new BeanCurrentlyInCreationException(beanName,
								"Bean with name '" + beanName + "' has been injected into other beans [" +
								StringUtils.collectionToCommaDelimitedString(actualDependentBeans) +
								"] in its raw version as part of a circular reference, but has eventually been " +
								"wrapped. This means that said other beans do not use the final version of the " +
								"bean. This is often the result of over-eager type matching - consider using " +
								"'getBeanNamesOfType' with the 'allowEagerInit' flag turned off, for example.");
					}
				}
			}
		}

		try {
			// 注册完成依赖注入的Bean
			registerDisposableBeanIfNecessary(beanName, bean, mbd);
		}
		catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Invalid destruction signature", ex);
		}

		// 为应用返回所需要的实例对象
		return exposedObject;
	}

从源码中可以看到createBeanInstance()和populateBean()这两个方法与依赖注入的实现非常密切,createBeanInstance()方法中生成了Bean所包含的Java对象,populateBean()方法对这些生成的bean对象之间的依赖关系进行了处理。下面我们先看一下createBeanInstance()方法的实现。

3、createBeanInstance()方法的具体实现

	// 创建Bean的实例对象
	protected BeanWrapper createBeanInstance(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, Object[] args) {
		
		// 检查确认Bean是可实例化的
		Class<?> beanClass = resolveBeanClass(mbd, beanName);
		if (beanClass != null && !Modifier.isPublic(beanClass.getModifiers()) && !mbd.isNonPublicAccessAllowed()) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
					"Bean class isn't public, and non-public access not allowed: " + beanClass.getName());
		}

		// 使用工厂方法对Bean进行实例化
		if (mbd.getFactoryMethodName() != null)  {
			return instantiateUsingFactoryMethod(beanName, mbd, args);
		}

		// 使用容器的自动装配方法进行实例化
		boolean resolved = false;
		boolean autowireNecessary = false;
		if (args == null) {
			synchronized (mbd.constructorArgumentLock) {
				if (mbd.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod != null) {
					resolved = true;
					autowireNecessary = mbd.constructorArgumentsResolved;
				}
			}
		}
		if (resolved) {
			if (autowireNecessary) {
				// 配置了自动装配属性,使用容器的自动装配实例化,
				// 即,根据参数类型匹配Bean的构造方法
				return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, null, null);
			}
			else {
				// 使用默认的无参构造方法进行实例化
				return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
			}
		}

		// 使用Bean的构造方法进行实例化
		Constructor<?>[] ctors = determineConstructorsFromBeanPostProcessors(beanClass, beanName);
		if (ctors != null ||
				mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_CONSTRUCTOR ||
				mbd.hasConstructorArgumentValues() || !ObjectUtils.isEmpty(args))  {
			// 使用容器的自动装配特性,调用匹配的构造方法实例化 
			return autowireConstructor(beanName, mbd, ctors, args);
		}

		return instantiateBean(beanName, mbd);
	}
	
	// 使用默认的无参构造方法实例化Bean对象
	protected BeanWrapper instantiateBean(final String beanName, final RootBeanDefinition mbd) {
		try {
			Object beanInstance;
			final BeanFactory parent = this;
			// 获取系统的安全管理接口,JDK标准的安全管理API
			if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
				// 这里是一个匿名内置类,根据实例化策略创建实例对象
				beanInstance = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
					public Object run() {
						return getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
					}
				}, getAccessControlContext());
			}
			else {
				
				/**
				 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!
				 * 使用初始化策略实例化Bean对象
				 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!
				 */
				beanInstance = getInstantiationStrategy().instantiate(mbd, beanName, parent);
			}
			BeanWrapper bw = new BeanWrapperImpl(beanInstance);
			initBeanWrapper(bw);
			return bw;
		}
		catch (Throwable ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Instantiation of bean failed", ex);
		}
	}

从源码中我们可以看到其调用了SimpleInstantiationStrategy实现类来生成bean对象,这个类是spring用来生成bean对象的默认类,它提供了两种策略来实例化bean对象,一种是利用Java的反射机制,另一种是直接使用CGLIB。

4、SimpleInstantiationStrategy中的instantiate()方法实现

	// 使用初始化策略实例化Bean对象
	public Object instantiate(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {
		// 如果Bean定义中没有方法覆盖,则使用Java的反射机制实例化对象,否则使用CGLIB
		if (beanDefinition.getMethodOverrides().isEmpty()) {
			Constructor<?> constructorToUse;
			synchronized (beanDefinition.constructorArgumentLock) {
				// 获取对象的构造方法或生成对象的工厂方法对bean进行实例化
				constructorToUse = (Constructor<?>) beanDefinition.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod;
				
				// 如果前面没有获取到构造方法,则通过反射获取
				if (constructorToUse == null) {
					// 使用JDK的反射机制,判断要实例化的Bean是否是接口
					final Class clazz = beanDefinition.getBeanClass();
					// 如果clazz是一个接口,直接抛出异常
					if (clazz.isInterface()) {
						throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "Specified class is an interface");
					}
					try {
						if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
							// 这里是一个匿名内置类,使用反射机制获取Bean的构造方法
							constructorToUse = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Constructor>() {
								public Constructor run() throws Exception {
									return clazz.getDeclaredConstructor((Class[]) null);
								}
							});
						}
						else {
							constructorToUse =	clazz.getDeclaredConstructor((Class[]) null);
						}
						beanDefinition.resolvedConstructorOrFactoryMethod = constructorToUse;
					}
					catch (Exception ex) {
						throw new BeanInstantiationException(clazz, "No default constructor found", ex);
					}
				}
			}
			// 使用BeanUtils实例化,通过反射机制调用”构造方法.newInstance(arg)”来进行实例化
			return BeanUtils.instantiateClass(constructorToUse);
		}
		else {
			/**
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 * 使用CGLIB来实例化对象
			 * 调用了CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy中的实现
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 */
			return instantiateWithMethodInjection(beanDefinition, beanName, owner);
		}
	}

在SimpleInstantiationStrategy的子类CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy中可以看到使用CGLIB进行实例化的源码实现。

5、CglibSubclassingInstantiationStrategy中使用CGLIB进行实例化的源码实现

	// 下面两个方法都通过实例化自己的私有静态内部类CglibSubclassCreator,
	// 然后调用该内部类对象的实例化方法instantiate()完成实例化
	protected Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(
			RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, String beanName, BeanFactory owner) {

		// 必须生成cglib子类
		return new CglibSubclassCreator(beanDefinition, owner).instantiate(null, null);
	}

	@Override
	protected Object instantiateWithMethodInjection(
			RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, String beanName, BeanFactory owner,
			Constructor ctor, Object[] args) {

		return new CglibSubclassCreator(beanDefinition, owner).instantiate(ctor, args);
	}

	/**
	 * 为避免3.2之前的Spring版本中的外部cglib依赖而创建的内部类。
	 */
	private static class CglibSubclassCreator {

		private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(CglibSubclassCreator.class);

		private final RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition;

		private final BeanFactory owner;

		public CglibSubclassCreator(RootBeanDefinition beanDefinition, BeanFactory owner) {
			this.beanDefinition = beanDefinition;
			this.owner = owner;
		}

		// 使用CGLIB进行Bean对象实例化
		public Object instantiate(Constructor ctor, Object[] args) {
			// 实例化Enhancer对象,并为Enhancer对象设置父类,生成Java对象的参数,比如:基类、回调方法等
			Enhancer enhancer = new Enhancer();
			// 将Bean本身作为其父类
			enhancer.setSuperclass(this.beanDefinition.getBeanClass());
			enhancer.setCallbackFilter(new CallbackFilterImpl());
			enhancer.setCallbacks(new Callback[] {
					NoOp.INSTANCE,
					new LookupOverrideMethodInterceptor(),
					new ReplaceOverrideMethodInterceptor()
			});

			// 使用CGLIB的create方法生成实例对象
			return (ctor == null) ? enhancer.create() : enhancer.create(ctor.getParameterTypes(), args);
		}
}

至此,完成了bean对象的实例化,然后就可以根据解析得到的BeanDefinition完成对各个属性的赋值处理,也就是依赖注入。这个实现方法就是前面AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory类中的populateBean()方法。

6、AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory中的populateBean(),完成依赖注入

	// 为属性赋值,完成依赖注入
	protected void populateBean(String beanName, RootBeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw) {
		// 获取BeanDefinition中设置的property,这些property来自对BeanDefinition的解析
		PropertyValues pvs = mbd.getPropertyValues();

		// 如果实例对象为null,而要注入的属性值不为空,则抛出下述异常
		if (bw == null) {
			if (!pvs.isEmpty()) {
				throw new BeanCreationException(
						mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Cannot apply property values to null instance");
			}
			else {
				// 实例对象为null,属性值也为空,不需要设置属性值,直接返回 
				return;
			}
		}

		// 在设置属性之前调用Bean的PostProcessor后置处理器
		boolean continueWithPropertyPopulation = true;

		if (!mbd.isSynthetic() && hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors()) {
			for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
				if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
					InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
					if (!ibp.postProcessAfterInstantiation(bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName)) {
						continueWithPropertyPopulation = false;
						break;
					}
				}
			}
		}

		if (!continueWithPropertyPopulation) {
			return;
		}

		// 依赖注入开始,首先处理autowire自动装配的注入
		if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME ||
				mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
			MutablePropertyValues newPvs = new MutablePropertyValues(pvs);

			// 对autowire自动装配的处理,根据Bean名称自动装配注入
			if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_NAME) {
				autowireByName(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
			}

			// 根据Bean类型自动装配注入
			if (mbd.getResolvedAutowireMode() == RootBeanDefinition.AUTOWIRE_BY_TYPE) {
				autowireByType(beanName, mbd, bw, newPvs);
			}

			pvs = newPvs;
		}

		// 检查容器是否持有用于处理单例模式Bean关闭时的后置处理器
		boolean hasInstAwareBpps = hasInstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessors();
		// Bean实例对象没有依赖,即没有继承基类
		boolean needsDepCheck = (mbd.getDependencyCheck() != RootBeanDefinition.DEPENDENCY_CHECK_NONE);

		if (hasInstAwareBpps || needsDepCheck) {
			// 从实例对象中提取属性描述符
			PropertyDescriptor[] filteredPds = filterPropertyDescriptorsForDependencyCheck(bw, mbd.allowCaching);
			if (hasInstAwareBpps) {
				for (BeanPostProcessor bp : getBeanPostProcessors()) {
					if (bp instanceof InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) {
						InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor ibp = (InstantiationAwareBeanPostProcessor) bp;
						// 使用BeanPostProcessor处理器处理属性值
						pvs = ibp.postProcessPropertyValues(pvs, filteredPds, bw.getWrappedInstance(), beanName);
						if (pvs == null) {
							return;
						}
					}
				}
			}
			if (needsDepCheck) {
				// 为要设置的属性进行依赖检查
				checkDependencies(beanName, mbd, filteredPds, pvs);
			}
		}
		/**
		 * !!!!!!!!!!!
		 * 对属性进行依赖注入
		 * !!!!!!!!!!!
		 */
		applyPropertyValues(beanName, mbd, bw, pvs);
	}
	
	// 解析并注入依赖属性的过程
	protected void applyPropertyValues(String beanName, BeanDefinition mbd, BeanWrapper bw, PropertyValues pvs) {
		if (pvs == null || pvs.isEmpty()) {
			return;
		}

		// 封装属性值
		MutablePropertyValues mpvs = null;
		List<PropertyValue> original;

		if (System.getSecurityManager()!= null) {
			if (bw instanceof BeanWrapperImpl) {
				// 设置安全上下文,JDK安全机制
				((BeanWrapperImpl) bw).setSecurityContext(getAccessControlContext());
			}
		}

		if (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues) {
			mpvs = (MutablePropertyValues) pvs;
			// 如果属性值已经转换
			if (mpvs.isConverted()) {
				try {
					// 为实例化对象设置属性值
					bw.setPropertyValues(mpvs);
					return;
				}
				catch (BeansException ex) {
					throw new BeanCreationException(
							mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
				}
			}
			// 获取属性值对象的原始类型值
			original = mpvs.getPropertyValueList();
		}
		else {
			original = Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues());
		}

		// 获取用户自定义的类型转换
		TypeConverter converter = getCustomTypeConverter();
		if (converter == null) {
			converter = bw;
		}
		// 创建一个BeanDefinition属性值解析器,将Bean定义中的属性值解析为Bean实例对象的实际值
		BeanDefinitionValueResolver valueResolver = new BeanDefinitionValueResolver(this, beanName, mbd, converter);

		// 为属性的解析值创建一个副本,最后将属性值注入到实例对象中
		List<PropertyValue> deepCopy = new ArrayList<PropertyValue>(original.size());
		boolean resolveNecessary = false;
		for (PropertyValue pv : original) {
			// 如果属性值已经转换,直接添加到deepCopy列表中
			if (pv.isConverted()) {
				deepCopy.add(pv);
			}
			// 如果属性值需要转换
			else {
				String propertyName = pv.getName();
				// 原始的属性值,即转换之前的属性值
				Object originalValue = pv.getValue();
				/**
				 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
				 * 解析属性值,对注入类型进行转换
				 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
				 */
				Object resolvedValue = valueResolver.resolveValueIfNecessary(pv, originalValue);
				// 转换之后的属性值
				Object convertedValue = resolvedValue;
				// 属性值是否可以转换
				boolean convertible = bw.isWritableProperty(propertyName) &&
						!PropertyAccessorUtils.isNestedOrIndexedProperty(propertyName);
				if (convertible) {
					// 使用用户自定义的类型转换器转换属性值
					convertedValue = convertForProperty(resolvedValue, propertyName, bw, converter);
				}
				// 存储转换后的属性值,避免每次属性注入时的转换工作
				if (resolvedValue == originalValue) {
					if (convertible) {
						// 设置属性转换之后的值
						pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
					}
					deepCopy.add(pv);
				}
				// 如果:属性是可转换的,且属性原始值是字符串类型,且属性的原始类型值不是  
	            // 动态生成的字符串,且属性的原始值不是集合或者数组类型
				else if (convertible && originalValue instanceof TypedStringValue &&
						!((TypedStringValue) originalValue).isDynamic() &&
						!(convertedValue instanceof Collection || ObjectUtils.isArray(convertedValue))) {
					pv.setConvertedValue(convertedValue);
					deepCopy.add(pv);
				}
				else {
					resolveNecessary = true;
					// 重新封装属性的值
					deepCopy.add(new PropertyValue(pv, convertedValue));
				}
			}
		}
		if (mpvs != null && !resolveNecessary) {
			// 标记属性值已经转换过
			mpvs.setConverted();
		}

		// 进行属性依赖注入
		try {
			/**
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 * 完成bean的属性值注入的入口
			 * 走AbstractPropertyAccessor中的实现方法
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 */
			bw.setPropertyValues(new MutablePropertyValues(deepCopy));
		}
		catch (BeansException ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					mbd.getResourceDescription(), beanName, "Error setting property values", ex);
		}
	}

7、BeanDefinitionValueResolver中解析属性值,对注入类型进行转换的具体实现

	// 解析属性值,对注入类型进行转换
	public Object resolveValueIfNecessary(Object argName, Object value) {
		// 对引用类型的属性进行解析,RuntimeBeanReference是在对
		// BeanDefinition进行解析时生成的数据对象
		if (value instanceof RuntimeBeanReference) {
			RuntimeBeanReference ref = (RuntimeBeanReference) value;
			/**
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 * 解析引用类型的属性值
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 */
			return resolveReference(argName, ref);
		}
		
		// 对属性值是引用容器中另一个Bean名称的解析
		else if (value instanceof RuntimeBeanNameReference) {
			String refName = ((RuntimeBeanNameReference) value).getBeanName();
			refName = String.valueOf(evaluate(refName));
			if (!this.beanFactory.containsBean(refName)) {
				throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(
						"Invalid bean name '" + refName + "' in bean reference for " + argName);
			}
			return refName;
		}
		// 对BeanDefinitionHolder类型属性的解析,主要是Bean中的内部类
		else if (value instanceof BeanDefinitionHolder) {
			BeanDefinitionHolder bdHolder = (BeanDefinitionHolder) value;
			return resolveInnerBean(argName, bdHolder.getBeanName(), bdHolder.getBeanDefinition());
		}
		else if (value instanceof BeanDefinition) {
			BeanDefinition bd = (BeanDefinition) value;
			return resolveInnerBean(argName, "(inner bean)", bd);
		}
		// 对集合数组类型的属性解析
		else if (value instanceof ManagedArray) {
			ManagedArray array = (ManagedArray) value;
			// 获取数组的类型
			Class<?> elementType = array.resolvedElementType;
			if (elementType == null) {
				 // 获取数组元素的类型
				String elementTypeName = array.getElementTypeName();
				if (StringUtils.hasText(elementTypeName)) {
					try {
						// 使用反射机制创建指定类型的对象
						elementType = ClassUtils.forName(elementTypeName, this.beanFactory.getBeanClassLoader());
						array.resolvedElementType = elementType;
					}
					catch (Throwable ex) {
						throw new BeanCreationException(
								this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
								"Error resolving array type for " + argName, ex);
					}
				}
				// 没有获取到数组的类型,也没有获取到数组元素的类型 
	            // 则直接设置数组的类型为Object
				else {
					elementType = Object.class;
				}
			}
			// 创建指定类型的数组
			return resolveManagedArray(argName, (List<?>) value, elementType);
		}
		// 解析list类型的属性值
		else if (value instanceof ManagedList) {
			// May need to resolve contained runtime references.
			return resolveManagedList(argName, (List<?>) value);
		}
		// 解析set类型的属性值
		else if (value instanceof ManagedSet) {
			// May need to resolve contained runtime references.
			return resolveManagedSet(argName, (Set<?>) value);
		}
		// 解析map类型的属性值
		else if (value instanceof ManagedMap) {
			// May need to resolve contained runtime references.
			return resolveManagedMap(argName, (Map<?, ?>) value);
		}
		// 解析Properties类型的属性值,Properties其实就是key和value均为字符串的map
		else if (value instanceof ManagedProperties) {
			Properties original = (Properties) value;
			// 创建一个拷贝,用于作为解析后的返回值
			Properties copy = new Properties();
			for (Map.Entry propEntry : original.entrySet()) {
				Object propKey = propEntry.getKey();
				Object propValue = propEntry.getValue();
				if (propKey instanceof TypedStringValue) {
					propKey = evaluate((TypedStringValue) propKey);
				}
				if (propValue instanceof TypedStringValue) {
					propValue = evaluate((TypedStringValue) propValue);
				}
				copy.put(propKey, propValue);
			}
			return copy;
		}
		// 解析字符串类型的属性值
		else if (value instanceof TypedStringValue) {
			TypedStringValue typedStringValue = (TypedStringValue) value;
			Object valueObject = evaluate(typedStringValue);
			try {
				// 获取属性的目标类型
				Class<?> resolvedTargetType = resolveTargetType(typedStringValue);
				if (resolvedTargetType != null) {
					// 对目标类型的属性进行解析,递归调用
					return this.typeConverter.convertIfNecessary(valueObject, resolvedTargetType);
				}
				// 没有获取到属性的目标对象,则按Object类型返回
				else {
					return valueObject;
				}
			}
			catch (Throwable ex) {
				throw new BeanCreationException(
						this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
						"Error converting typed String value for " + argName, ex);
			}
		}
		else {
			return evaluate(value);
		}
	}

	// 解析引用类型的属性值
	private Object resolveReference(Object argName, RuntimeBeanReference ref) {
		try {
			// 获取引用的BeanName
			String refName = ref.getBeanName();
			refName = String.valueOf(evaluate(refName));
			// 如果引用的对象在父容器中,则从父容器中获取指定的引用对象
			if (ref.isToParent()) {
				if (this.beanFactory.getParentBeanFactory() == null) {
					throw new BeanCreationException(
							this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
							"Can't resolve reference to bean '" + refName +
							"' in parent factory: no parent factory available");
				}
				return this.beanFactory.getParentBeanFactory().getBean(refName);
			}
			// 从当前的容器中获取指定的引用Bean对象,如果指定的Bean没有被实例化  
	        // 则会递归触发引用Bean的初始化和依赖注入
			else {
				Object bean = this.beanFactory.getBean(refName);
				// 为refName对应的BeanDefinition注入依赖的Bean
				this.beanFactory.registerDependentBean(refName, this.beanName);
				return bean;
			}
		}
		catch (BeansException ex) {
			throw new BeanCreationException(
					this.beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), this.beanName,
					"Cannot resolve reference to bean '" + ref.getBeanName() + "' while setting " + argName, ex);
		}
	}
	
	// 解析array类型的属性
	private Object resolveManagedArray(Object argName, List<?> ml, Class<?> elementType) {
		// 创建一个指定类型的数组,用于存放和返回解析后的数组
		Object resolved = Array.newInstance(elementType, ml.size());
		for (int i = 0; i < ml.size(); i++) {
			// 递归解析array的每一个元素,并将解析后的值设置到resolved数组中,索引为i
			Array.set(resolved, i,
					resolveValueIfNecessary(new KeyedArgName(argName, i), ml.get(i)));
		}
		return resolved;
	}

	// 解析list类型的属性
	private List resolveManagedList(Object argName, List<?> ml) {
		List<Object> resolved = new ArrayList<Object>(ml.size());
		for (int i = 0; i < ml.size(); i++) {
			// 递归解析list的每一个元素
			resolved.add(
					resolveValueIfNecessary(new KeyedArgName(argName, i), ml.get(i)));
		}
		return resolved;
	}

	// 解析set类型的属性
	private Set resolveManagedSet(Object argName, Set<?> ms) {
		Set<Object> resolved = new LinkedHashSet<Object>(ms.size());
		int i = 0;
		// 递归解析set的每一个元素
		for (Object m : ms) {
			resolved.add(resolveValueIfNecessary(new KeyedArgName(argName, i), m));
			i++;
		}
		return resolved;
	}

	// 解析map类型的属性
	private Map resolveManagedMap(Object argName, Map<?, ?> mm) {
		Map<Object, Object> resolved = new LinkedHashMap<Object, Object>(mm.size());
		// 递归解析map中每一个元素的key和value
		for (Map.Entry entry : mm.entrySet()) {
			Object resolvedKey = resolveValueIfNecessary(argName, entry.getKey());
			Object resolvedValue = resolveValueIfNecessary(
					new KeyedArgName(argName, entry.getKey()), entry.getValue());
			resolved.put(resolvedKey, resolvedValue);
		}
		return resolved;
	}

至此,已经为依赖注入做好了准备,下面就该将bean对象设置到它所依赖的另一个bean的属性中去。AbstractPropertyAccessor和其子类BeanWrapperImpl完成了依赖注入的详细过程。

8、AbstractPropertyAccessor中的实现

	public void setPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs) throws BeansException {
		setPropertyValues(pvs, false, false);
	}

	public void setPropertyValues(PropertyValues pvs, boolean ignoreUnknown, boolean ignoreInvalid)
			throws BeansException {

		List<PropertyAccessException> propertyAccessExceptions = null;
		List<PropertyValue> propertyValues = (pvs instanceof MutablePropertyValues ?
				((MutablePropertyValues) pvs).getPropertyValueList() : Arrays.asList(pvs.getPropertyValues()));
		for (PropertyValue pv : propertyValues) {
			try {
				/**
				 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
				 * 走BeanWrapperImpl中的实现,也是bean属性值注入具体实现的入口
				 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
				 */
				setPropertyValue(pv);
			}
			catch (NotWritablePropertyException ex) {
				if (!ignoreUnknown) {
					throw ex;
				}
			}
			catch (NullValueInNestedPathException ex) {
				if (!ignoreInvalid) {
					throw ex;
				}
			}
			catch (PropertyAccessException ex) {
				if (propertyAccessExceptions == null) {
					propertyAccessExceptions = new LinkedList<PropertyAccessException>();
				}
				propertyAccessExceptions.add(ex);
			}
		}

		// 如果遇到个别异常,则抛出复合异常
		if (propertyAccessExceptions != null) {
			PropertyAccessException[] paeArray =
					propertyAccessExceptions.toArray(new PropertyAccessException[propertyAccessExceptions.size()]);
			throw new PropertyBatchUpdateException(paeArray);
		}
	}

9、BeanWrapperImpl中的实现

	@Override
	public void setPropertyValue(PropertyValue pv) throws BeansException {
		// PropertyTokenHolder是一个用于内部使用的内部类
		PropertyTokenHolder tokens = (PropertyTokenHolder) pv.resolvedTokens;
		if (tokens == null) {
			String propertyName = pv.getName();
			BeanWrapperImpl nestedBw;
			try {
				nestedBw = getBeanWrapperForPropertyPath(propertyName);
			}
			catch (NotReadablePropertyException ex) {
				throw new NotWritablePropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
						"Nested property in path '" + propertyName + "' does not exist", ex);
			}
			tokens = getPropertyNameTokens(getFinalPath(nestedBw, propertyName));
			if (nestedBw == this) {
				pv.getOriginalPropertyValue().resolvedTokens = tokens;
			}
			
			/**
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 * 进入bean属性值注入的具体实现
			 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
			 */
			nestedBw.setPropertyValue(tokens, pv);
		}
		else {
			setPropertyValue(tokens, pv);
		}
	}

	/**
	 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
	 * 实现属性值依赖注入的具体实现
	 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
	 */
	@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
	private void setPropertyValue(PropertyTokenHolder tokens, PropertyValue pv) throws BeansException {
		// PropertyTokenHolder主要保存属性的名称、路径、以及集合的size等信息
		String propertyName = tokens.canonicalName;
		String actualName = tokens.actualName;

		// 对集合类型的属性注入
		// keys是用来保存集合类型属性的size
		if (tokens.keys != null) {
			// 将属性信息从tokens拷贝到getterTokens
			PropertyTokenHolder getterTokens = new PropertyTokenHolder();
			getterTokens.canonicalName = tokens.canonicalName;
			getterTokens.actualName = tokens.actualName;
			getterTokens.keys = new String[tokens.keys.length - 1];
			System.arraycopy(tokens.keys, 0, getterTokens.keys, 0, tokens.keys.length - 1);
			Object propValue;
			try {
	            // 通过反射机制,调用属性的getter方法获取属性值 
				propValue = getPropertyValue(getterTokens);
			}
			catch (NotReadablePropertyException ex) {
				throw new NotWritablePropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
						"Cannot access indexed value in property referenced " +
						"in indexed property path '" + propertyName + "'", ex);
			}
			// 获取集合类型属性的长度
			String key = tokens.keys[tokens.keys.length - 1];
			if (propValue == null) {
				if (this.autoGrowNestedPaths) {
					int lastKeyIndex = tokens.canonicalName.lastIndexOf('[');
					getterTokens.canonicalName = tokens.canonicalName.substring(0, lastKeyIndex);
					propValue = setDefaultValue(getterTokens);
				}
				else {
					throw new NullValueInNestedPathException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
							"Cannot access indexed value in property referenced " +
							"in indexed property path '" + propertyName + "': returned null");
				}
			}
			// 如果属性值是Array数组类型的,则注入array类型的属性值
			if (propValue.getClass().isArray()) {
				// 获取属性的描述符
				PropertyDescriptor pd = getCachedIntrospectionResults().getPropertyDescriptor(actualName);
				// 获取数组的类型
				Class requiredType = propValue.getClass().getComponentType();
				// 获取数组的长度
				int arrayIndex = Integer.parseInt(key);
				Object oldValue = null;
				try {
					// 获取数组以前初始化的值
					if (isExtractOldValueForEditor() && arrayIndex < Array.getLength(propValue)) {
						oldValue = Array.get(propValue, arrayIndex);
					}
					// 将属性的值赋值给数组中的元素
					Object convertedValue = convertIfNecessary(propertyName, oldValue, pv.getValue(),
							requiredType, TypeDescriptor.nested(property(pd), tokens.keys.length));
					Array.set(propValue, arrayIndex, convertedValue);
				}
				catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
					throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
							"Invalid array index in property path '" + propertyName + "'", ex);
				}
			}
			// 如果属性值是List类型的,则注入list类型的属性值
			else if (propValue instanceof List) {
				PropertyDescriptor pd = getCachedIntrospectionResults().getPropertyDescriptor(actualName);
				// 获取list集合中元素的类型
				Class requiredType = GenericCollectionTypeResolver.getCollectionReturnType(
						pd.getReadMethod(), tokens.keys.length);
				List list = (List) propValue;
				
				int index = Integer.parseInt(key);
				Object oldValue = null;
				if (isExtractOldValueForEditor() && index < list.size()) {
					oldValue = list.get(index);
				}
				// 获取list解析后的属性值
				Object convertedValue = convertIfNecessary(propertyName, oldValue, pv.getValue(),
						requiredType, TypeDescriptor.nested(property(pd), tokens.keys.length));
				// 获取list集合的size
				int size = list.size();
				// 如果list的长度大于属性值的长度,则多余的元素赋值为null 
				if (index >= size && index < this.autoGrowCollectionLimit) {
					for (int i = size; i < index; i++) {
						try {
							list.add(null);
						}
						catch (NullPointerException ex) {
							throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
									"Cannot set element with index " + index + " in List of size " +
									size + ", accessed using property path '" + propertyName +
									"': List does not support filling up gaps with null elements");
						}
					}
					list.add(convertedValue);
				}
				else {
					try {
						// 为list属性赋值
						list.set(index, convertedValue);
					}
					catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
						throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
								"Invalid list index in property path '" + propertyName + "'", ex);
					}
				}
			}
			// 如果属性值是Map类型的,则注入Map类型的属性值
			else if (propValue instanceof Map) {
				PropertyDescriptor pd = getCachedIntrospectionResults().getPropertyDescriptor(actualName);
				// 获取map集合key的类型
				Class mapKeyType = GenericCollectionTypeResolver.getMapKeyReturnType(
						pd.getReadMethod(), tokens.keys.length);
				// 获取map集合value的类型
				Class mapValueType = GenericCollectionTypeResolver.getMapValueReturnType(
						pd.getReadMethod(), tokens.keys.length);
				Map map = (Map) propValue;
				TypeDescriptor typeDescriptor = (mapKeyType != null ?
						TypeDescriptor.valueOf(mapKeyType) : TypeDescriptor.valueOf(Object.class));
				// 解析map类型属性key值
				Object convertedMapKey = convertIfNecessary(null, null, key, mapKeyType, typeDescriptor);
				Object oldValue = null;
				if (isExtractOldValueForEditor()) {
					oldValue = map.get(convertedMapKey);
				}
				// 解析map类型属性value值
				Object convertedMapValue = convertIfNecessary(propertyName, oldValue, pv.getValue(),
						mapValueType, TypeDescriptor.nested(property(pd), tokens.keys.length));
				// 将解析后的key和value值赋值给map集合属性
				map.put(convertedMapKey, convertedMapValue);
			}
			else {
				throw new InvalidPropertyException(getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
						"Property referenced in indexed property path '" + propertyName +
						"' is neither an array nor a List nor a Map; returned value was [" + pv.getValue() + "]");
			}
		}
		// 对非集合类型的属性注入
		else {
			PropertyDescriptor pd = pv.resolvedDescriptor;
			if (pd == null || !pd.getWriteMethod().getDeclaringClass().isInstance(this.object)) {
				pd = getCachedIntrospectionResults().getPropertyDescriptor(actualName);
				// 如果无法获取到属性名或者属性没有提供setter赋值方法
				if (pd == null || pd.getWriteMethod() == null) {
					// 如果属性值是可选的,即不是必须的,则忽略该属性值
					if (pv.isOptional()) {
						logger.debug("Ignoring optional value for property '" + actualName +
								"' - property not found on bean class [" + getRootClass().getName() + "]");
						return;
					}
					// 如果属性值是必须的,则抛出无法给属性赋值,因为没提供setter方法的异常
					else {
						PropertyMatches matches = PropertyMatches.forProperty(propertyName, getRootClass());
						throw new NotWritablePropertyException(
								getRootClass(), this.nestedPath + propertyName,
								matches.buildErrorMessage(), matches.getPossibleMatches());
					}
				}
				pv.getOriginalPropertyValue().resolvedDescriptor = pd;
			}

			Object oldValue = null;
			try {
				Object originalValue = pv.getValue();
				Object valueToApply = originalValue;
				if (!Boolean.FALSE.equals(pv.conversionNecessary)) {
					if (pv.isConverted()) {
						valueToApply = pv.getConvertedValue();
					}
					else {
						if (isExtractOldValueForEditor() && pd.getReadMethod() != null) {
							// 获取属性的getter方法
							final Method readMethod = pd.getReadMethod();
							// 如果属性的getter方法无法访问,则使用Java的反射机制强行访问(暴力读取属性值) 
							if (!Modifier.isPublic(readMethod.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers()) &&
									!readMethod.isAccessible()) {
								if (System.getSecurityManager()!= null) {
									// 匿名内部类,根据权限修改属性的读取控制限制 
									AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
										public Object run() {
											readMethod.setAccessible(true);
											return null;
										}
									});
								}
								else {
									readMethod.setAccessible(true);
								}
							}
							try {
								 // 属性没有提供getter方法时,调用潜在的读取属性值的方法,获取属性值 
								if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
									oldValue = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Object>() {
										public Object run() throws Exception {
											return readMethod.invoke(object);
										}
									}, acc);
								}
								else {
									oldValue = readMethod.invoke(object);
								}
							}
							catch (Exception ex) {
								if (ex instanceof PrivilegedActionException) {
									ex = ((PrivilegedActionException) ex).getException();
								}
								if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
									logger.debug("Could not read previous value of property '" +
											this.nestedPath + propertyName + "'", ex);
								}
							}
						}
						// 设置属性的注入值
						valueToApply = convertForProperty(propertyName, oldValue, originalValue, pd);
					}
					pv.getOriginalPropertyValue().conversionNecessary = (valueToApply != originalValue);
				}
				// 根据Java的内省机制,获取属性的setter(写方法)方法
				final Method writeMethod = (pd instanceof GenericTypeAwarePropertyDescriptor ?
						((GenericTypeAwarePropertyDescriptor) pd).getWriteMethodForActualAccess() :
						pd.getWriteMethod());
				// 如果属性的setter方法无法访问,则强行设置setter方法可访问(暴力为属性赋值)  
				if (!Modifier.isPublic(writeMethod.getDeclaringClass().getModifiers()) && !writeMethod.isAccessible()) {
					if (System.getSecurityManager()!= null) {
						AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Object>() {
							public Object run() {
								writeMethod.setAccessible(true);
								return null;
							}
						});
					}
					else {
						writeMethod.setAccessible(true);
					}
				}
				final Object value = valueToApply;
				 // 如果使用了Java的安全机制,则需要权限验证 
				if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
					try {
						AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Object>() {
							public Object run() throws Exception {
								// 将属性值设置到属性上去 
								writeMethod.invoke(object, value);
								return null;
							}
						}, acc);
					}
					catch (PrivilegedActionException ex) {
						throw ex.getException();
					}
				}
				else {
					// 将属性值设置到属性上去 
					writeMethod.invoke(this.object, value);
				}
			}
			catch (TypeMismatchException ex) {
				throw ex;
			}
			catch (InvocationTargetException ex) {
				PropertyChangeEvent propertyChangeEvent =
						new PropertyChangeEvent(this.rootObject, this.nestedPath + propertyName, oldValue, pv.getValue());
				if (ex.getTargetException() instanceof ClassCastException) {
					throw new TypeMismatchException(propertyChangeEvent, pd.getPropertyType(), ex.getTargetException());
				}
				else {
					throw new MethodInvocationException(propertyChangeEvent, ex.getTargetException());
				}
			}
			catch (Exception ex) {
				PropertyChangeEvent pce =
						new PropertyChangeEvent(this.rootObject, this.nestedPath + propertyName, oldValue, pv.getValue());
				throw new MethodInvocationException(pce, ex);
			}
		}
	}

终于完成了对bean的各种属性的依赖注入,在bean的实例化和依赖注入的过程中,需要依据BeanDefinition中的信息来递归地完成依赖注入。另外,在此过程中存在许多递归调用,一个递归是在上下文体系中查找需要的bean和创建bean的递归调用;另一个是在依赖注入时,通过递归调用容器的getBean方法,得到当前bean的依赖bean,同时也触发对依赖bean的创建和注入;在对bean的属性进行依赖注入时,解析的过程也是递归的。这样,根据依赖关系,一层一层地完成bean的创建和注入,直到最后完成当前bean的创建。

最后补充一下通过lazy-init属性触发的依赖注入

lazy-init触发的预实例化和依赖注入,发生在IoC容器完成对BeanDefinition的定位、载入、解析和注册之后。虽然会影响IoC容器初始化的性能,但确能有效提高应用第一次获取该bean的效率。
lazy-init实现的入口方法在我们前面解读过的AbstractApplicationContext的refresh()中,它是IoC容器正式启动的标志。

	/**
	 * 容器初始化的过程:BeanDefinition的Resource定位、BeanDefinition的载入、BeanDefinition的注册。
	 * BeanDefinition的载入和bean的依赖注入是两个独立的过程,依赖注入一般发生在 应用第一次通过getBean()方法从容器获取bean时。
	 * 
	 * 另外需要注意的是,IoC容器有一个预实例化的配置(即,将AbstractBeanDefinition中的lazyInit属性设为true),使用户可以对容器的初始化
	 * 过程做一个微小的调控,lazyInit设为true的bean将在容器初始化时进行依赖注入,而不会等到getBean()方法调用时才进行
	 */
	public void refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {
		synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
			// 调用容器准备刷新的方法,获取容器的当前时间,同时给容器设置同步标识
			prepareRefresh();

			// 告诉子类启动refreshBeanFactory()方法,Bean定义资源文件的载入从子类的refreshBeanFactory()方法启动开始
			ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = obtainFreshBeanFactory();

			// 为BeanFactory配置容器特性,例如类加载器、事件处理器等
			prepareBeanFactory(beanFactory);

			try {
				// 为容器的某些子类指定特殊的BeanPost事件处理器
				postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);

				// 调用所有注册的BeanFactoryPostProcessor的Bean
				invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// 为BeanFactory注册BeanPost事件处理器.  
		        // BeanPostProcessor是Bean后置处理器,用于监听容器触发的事件 
				registerBeanPostProcessors(beanFactory);

				// 初始化信息源,和国际化相关.
				initMessageSource();

				// 初始化容器事件传播器
				initApplicationEventMulticaster();

				// 调用子类的某些特殊Bean初始化方法
				onRefresh();

				// 为事件传播器注册事件监听器.
				registerListeners();

				/**
				 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
				 * 初始化Bean,并对lazy-init属性进行处理
				 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
				 */
				finishBeanFactoryInitialization(beanFactory);

				// 初始化容器的生命周期事件处理器,并发布容器的生命周期事件
				finishRefresh();
			}

			catch (BeansException ex) {
				// 销毁以创建的单态Bean
				destroyBeans();

				// 取消refresh操作,重置容器的同步标识.
				cancelRefresh(ex);

				throw ex;
			}
		}
	}

	// 对配置了lazy-init属性的Bean进行预实例化处理 
	protected void finishBeanFactoryInitialization(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) {
		// 这是Spring3以后新加的代码,为容器指定一个转换服务(ConversionService)  
	    // 在对某些Bean属性进行转换时使用  
		if (beanFactory.containsBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME) &&
				beanFactory.isTypeMatch(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class)) {
			beanFactory.setConversionService(
					/**
					 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
					 * 在这里调用了getBean()方法,触发依赖注入
					 * !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
					 */
					beanFactory.getBean(CONVERSION_SERVICE_BEAN_NAME, ConversionService.class));
		}

		String[] weaverAwareNames = beanFactory.getBeanNamesForType(LoadTimeWeaverAware.class, false, false);
		for (String weaverAwareName : weaverAwareNames) {
			getBean(weaverAwareName);
		}

		// 为了类型匹配,停止使用临时的类加载器  
		beanFactory.setTempClassLoader(null);

		// 缓存容器中所有注册的BeanDefinition元数据,以防被修改
		beanFactory.freezeConfiguration();

		// 对配置了lazy-init属性的单态模式Bean进行预实例化处理
		beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
	}

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