C#开发Windows服务守护程序

背景

通常为了便于对指定Windows服务进行方便的管理，我们会开发一个守护程序，或者叫做服务管理的工具，基本要实现windows服务的安装、卸载、启动、停止。

实现关键

System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController			//使用此类访问已安装的Windows服务

C#编程判断指定的Windows服务是否存在

/// <summary>
/// 判断指定的服务是否已存在（安装）
/// </summary>
/// <param name="serviceName">要判断服务名称</param>
/// <returns>存在（安装）返回true，不存在（未安装）返回false</returns>
public bool IsServiceExists(string serviceName)
{
    bool exists = false;
    System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController[] services = System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController.GetServices();
    foreach (System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController s in services)
    {
        if (s.ServiceName == serviceName)
        {
            exists = true;
            break;
        }
    }
    return exists;
}

C#编程获取指定Windows服务状态

/// <summary>
/// 获取windows服务的状态
/// </summary>
/// <param name="serviceName">要获取状态的服务名称</param>
/// <returns>返回服务状态</returns>
public string GetServiceStatus(string serviceName)
{
    string result = "服务不存在";
    System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController[] services = System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController.GetServices();
    foreach (System.ServiceProcess.ServiceController s in services)
    {
        if (s.ServiceName == serviceName)
        {
            result = s.Status.ToString();
            break;
        }
    }
    return result;
}

C#编程实现服务安装、启动、停止、卸载

1、定义变量

private string serivceExeFullPath = @"D:\BTSService\BTSDataService.exe";        //服务程序的完整路径
private string serviceName = "BTSDataService";                                  //服务名称

2、服务安装（本Windows服务是基于Topshelf框架开发）

private void btnServiceInstall_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (!System.IO.File.Exists(serivceExeFullPath))
    {
        MessageBox.Show("服务路径不存在，请确认服务程序是否存在!");
        return;
    }
    if (this.IsServiceExists(this.serviceName))
    {
        MessageBox.Show("服务已安装!");
        return;
    }
    try
    {
        using(System.Diagnostics.Process p = new System.Diagnostics.Process())
        {
            p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            p.StartInfo.FileName = serivceExeFullPath;
            p.StartInfo.Arguments = "install";
            p.Start();
            p.Close();
        }
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
        this.lblServiceStatus.Text = this.GetServiceStatus(this.serviceName);
        MessageBox.Show("服务安装完毕!");
    }
    catch(Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("服务安装异常:" + ex.Message);
    }
}

3、服务启动（本Windows服务是基于Topshelf框架开发）

private void btnServiceStart_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (!this.IsServiceExists(this.serviceName))
    {
        MessageBox.Show("服务未安装，请先安装!");
        return;
    }
    try
    {
        using (System.Diagnostics.Process p = new System.Diagnostics.Process())
        {
            p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            p.StartInfo.FileName = serivceExeFullPath;
            p.StartInfo.Arguments = "start";
            p.Start();
            p.Close();
        }
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
        this.lblServiceStatus.Text = this.GetServiceStatus(this.serviceName);
        MessageBox.Show("服务启动成功!");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("服务安装异常:" + ex.Message);
    }
}

4、服务停止（本Windows服务是基于Topshelf框架开发）

private void btnServiceStop_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (!this.IsServiceExists(this.serviceName))
    {
        MessageBox.Show("服务未安装，请先安装!");
        return;
    }
    try
    {
        using (System.Diagnostics.Process p = new System.Diagnostics.Process())
        {
            p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            p.StartInfo.FileName = serivceExeFullPath;
            p.StartInfo.Arguments = "stop";
            p.Start();
            p.Close();
        }
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
        this.lblServiceStatus.Text = this.GetServiceStatus(this.serviceName);
        MessageBox.Show("服务停止成功!");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("服务安装异常:" + ex.Message);
    }
}

5、服务卸载（本Windows服务是基于Topshelf框架开发）

private void btnServiceUninstall_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    if (!this.IsServiceExists(this.serviceName))
    {
        MessageBox.Show("服务未安装，请先安装!");
        return;
    }
    try
    {
        using (System.Diagnostics.Process p = new System.Diagnostics.Process())
        {
            p.StartInfo.UseShellExecute = false;
            p.StartInfo.CreateNoWindow = true;
            p.StartInfo.FileName = serivceExeFullPath;
            p.StartInfo.Arguments = "uninstall";
            p.Start();
            p.Close();
        }
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(2000);
        this.lblServiceStatus.Text = this.GetServiceStatus(this.serviceName);
        MessageBox.Show("服务卸载成功!");
    }
    catch (Exception ex)
    {
        MessageBox.Show("服务安装异常:" + ex.Message);
    }
}

说明：对于守护程序通常是要定义检测服务的运行状态的，可以根据业务需要自己进行改进。