使用 Eclipse 搭建一个简单的 Spring MVC 项目

其他 2020-02-05 10:11:46 阅读次数: 0

1. 在官网下载最新版 Eclipse 和 JDK

https://www.eclipse.org/downloads/

https://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/downloads/jdk8-downloads-2133151.html

2. 从官网下载Tomcat（Web 服务器）

http://tomcat.apache.org/download-70.cgi

下载完成后解压到任意目录即可

3. 下载 Spring MVC jar包

http://repo.spring.io/simple/libs-release-local/org/springframework/spring/

4. 下载 MySQL connector Java

https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/connector/j/

5.安装 MySQL 新建一个test数据库和student表，用户名为root，密码为123123，可以自己改，但是要修改applicationContext.xml配置文件，详见下文。

6. 打开Eclipse 新建 动态网站项目

在Target runtime 选择New runtime

然后选择对应版本的Tomcat

在Tomcat 安装目录选择你解压的目录

点击完成即可看到新建的项目

7. 新建一个Hello World 测试一下

在 WebContent目录新建一个 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
Hello World
</body>
</html>

现在我们运行这个文件

会让你选择一个服务器

我们新建一个服务器即可。点击完成

如无意外，可以看到

那么我们就成功的新建了一个Java Web 项目了，可以把index.jsp删掉了

8. 使用 Spring MVC 框架开发

我们将上面下载的 Jar 包复制粘贴到 \WebContent\WEB-INF\lib目录中

然后我们编写一些配置文件

在 src目录中新建applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans  xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
        xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
        xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
        xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"           
        default-autowire="byName" default-lazy-init="true" >
        <!--数据库数据源配置-->
        <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
            <!--加载驱动类-->
            <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
            <!--数据库访问地址-->
            <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
            <!--数据库访问用户名-->
            <property name="username" value="root"></property>
            <!--数据库访问密码-->
            <property name="password" value="123123"></property>
        </bean>
        <!-- spring 提供的数据库事务管理 -->
        <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"></property>
            </bean>
        <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager"/>
        <!-- 配置javaBean实体类 -->
        <bean id="studentBean" class="bean.Student">
            <!--属性自动配置 -->
        </bean>
        <!--spring提供的数据库访问操作类 -->
        <bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate"></bean>
        <!-- dao层类 -->
        <bean id="dao" class="dao.StudentDao"></bean>
        <!-- 控制层类 ，这个配置无效-->
        <bean id="controller" class="controller.StudentController">
            <property name="dao" ref="dao"></property>
        </bean>


 </beans>

在 \WebContent\WEB-INF 新建springMVC-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">
    <!-- 自动扫描指定包下的类 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="controller" />
</beans>

在 \WebContent\WEB-INF 新建web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"  
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee   
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
<!--配置字符编码过滤器 ，由spring提供 -->
<filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
</filter>
<!-- 配置欢迎界面 -->
<welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>/all</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<!-- 配置springmvc servlet -->
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>


</web-app>

在src中新建 3个包，分别为 bean,controller,dao

然后在bean中新建Student类

package bean;

public class Student {

    private Integer id;//学生id
    private String name;//学生姓名
    private Double javaScore;//java成绩
    private Double htmlScore;//html成绩
    private Double cssScore;//css成绩
    private Double totalScore;
    public Integer getId() {
    return id;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
    this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
    return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
    }
    public Double getJavaScore() {
    return javaScore;
    }
    public void setJavaScore(Double javaScore) {
    this.javaScore = javaScore;
    }
    public Double getHtmlScore() {
    return htmlScore;
    }
    public void setHtmlScore(Double htmlScore) {
    this.htmlScore = htmlScore;
    }
    public Double getCssScore() {
    return cssScore;
    }
    public void setCssScore(Double cssScore) {
    this.cssScore = cssScore;
    }
    public Double getTotalScore() {
    return totalScore;
    }
    public void setTotalScore(Double totalScore) {
    this.totalScore = totalScore;
    }
}

在controller中新建 StudentController类

package controller;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import bean.Student;
import dao.StudentDao;

@Controller
public class StudentController {


    @RequestMapping(value = "/all")
    public String queryAll(Model model) {
    ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    //从ioc容器中获取dao
    StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");
    model.addAttribute("students", dao.queryAll());
    model.addAttribute("tops", dao.topNum(3));
    return "index.jsp";
    }


    @RequestMapping(value = "/queryByName")
    public String queryByName(String name, Model model) {
    ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    //从ioc容器中获取dao
    StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");
    model.addAttribute("students", dao.queryByName(name));
    model.addAttribute("tops", dao.topNum(3));
    return "index.jsp";
    }


    @RequestMapping(value = "/add")
    public String addStu(String name, String javaScore, String htmlScore, String cssScore, Model model) {
    ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");
    Student student = new Student();
    student.setName(name);
    student.setJavaScore(Double.parseDouble(javaScore));
    student.setHtmlScore(Double.parseDouble(htmlScore));
    student.setCssScore(Double.parseDouble(cssScore));
    boolean result = dao.addStu(student);
    if (result)
        model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('添加成功！')</script>");
    else
        model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('添加成功！')</script>");
    return "all";
    }


    @RequestMapping(value = "/deleteById")
    public String deleteById(String id, Model model) {
    ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");
    boolean result = dao.deleteStu(Integer.parseInt(id));
    if (result)
        model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('删除成功！')</script>");
    else
        model.addAttribute("msg", "<script>alert('删除成功！')</script>");
    return "all";
    }


    @RequestMapping(value = "/update")
    public String updateStu(String id, String name, String javaScore, String htmlScore, String cssScore, Model model) {
    ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
    StudentDao dao = (StudentDao) context.getBean("dao");
    Student student = new Student();
    student.setId(Integer.parseInt(id));
    student.setName(name);
    student.setJavaScore(Double.parseDouble(javaScore));
    student.setHtmlScore(Double.parseDouble(htmlScore));
    student.setCssScore(Double.parseDouble(cssScore));
    boolean result = dao.updateStu(student);
    if (result)
        model.addAttribute("msg", msg("修改成功"));
    else
        model.addAttribute("msg", msg("修改失败"));
    return "all";
    }

    public String msg(String msg) {
    return "<script>alert('" + msg + "')</script>";
    }
}

在dao中新建StudentDao类

package dao;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Types;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

import bean.Student;

public class StudentDao {


    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;


    public void setJdbcTemplate(JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate) {
    this.jdbcTemplate = jdbcTemplate;
    }


    public List<Student> queryAll() {
    String sql = "select id,name,javaScore,htmlScore,cssScore from student";
    //将查询结果映射到Student类中，添加到list中，并返回
    return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new StudentMapper());
    }


    public List<Student> queryByName(String name) {
    String sql = "select id,name,javaScore,htmlScore,cssScore from student where name like '%" + name + "%'";
    return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new StudentMapper());
    }


    public boolean addStu(Student student) {
    String sql = "insert into student(id,name,javaScore,htmlScore,cssScore) values(0,?,?,?,?)";
    return jdbcTemplate.update(sql,
        new Object[] { student.getName(), student.getJavaScore(), student.getHtmlScore(),
            student.getCssScore() },
        new int[] { Types.VARCHAR, Types.DOUBLE, Types.DOUBLE, Types.DOUBLE }) == 1;
    }


    public boolean deleteStu(Integer id) {
    String sql = "delete from student where id = ?";
    return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, id) == 1;
    }


    public boolean updateStu(Student student) {
    String sql = "update student set name=? ,javaScore=?,htmlScore = ? ,cssScore = ? where id = ?";
    Object stuObj[] = new Object[] { student.getName(), student.getJavaScore(), student.getHtmlScore(),
        student.getCssScore(), student.getId() };
    return jdbcTemplate.update(sql, stuObj) == 1;
    }


    public List<Student> topNum(int num) {
    String sql = "select id,name,javaScore+htmlScore+cssScore from student order by javaScore+htmlScore+cssScore desc ,name asc limit ?";
    return jdbcTemplate.query(sql, new RowMapper<Student>() {

        @Override
        public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(rs.getInt(1));
        student.setName(rs.getString(2));
        student.setTotalScore(rs.getDouble(3));
        return student;
        }
    }, num);
    }


    class StudentMapper implements RowMapper<Student> {

    @Override
    public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(rs.getInt(1));
        student.setName(rs.getString(2));
        student.setJavaScore(rs.getDouble(3));
        student.setHtmlScore(rs.getDouble(4));
        student.setCssScore(rs.getDouble(5));

        return student;
    }

    }
}

最后目录会像这个样子

现在我们在 WebContent新建 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
    <%@ taglib prefix="fn" 
           uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" %>
    <%@ taglib prefix="c" 
           uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>学生管理</title>
</head>
<style type="text/css">
    body{
        text-align: center;
    }
    .all{
        width:40%;
        margin: 20px 100px;
        text-align: center;
        height: 300px;
        float: left;

    }
    table{
        width: 80%;
        margin: 20px auto;
        font-size: 14px;

        overflow:  auto;
    }
    #tab02{
        width: 80%;
        margin: 20px auto;
        font-size: 14px;


    }
    table th,table td{
        border-bottom: 1px #000 solid;
        line-height: 23px;
    }
    #edit_comm{
        width: 500px;
        margin: 20px auto;
        border-left: 3px solid #000;
        display: none;
    }
    #add_comm{
        width: 500px;
        margin: 20px auto;
        border-left: 3px solid #000;
    }
    #all_comm{
        height:600px;

    }
    .edit_stu{
        width:200px;
        height: 30px;
        background: #fff;
        font-family: "微软雅黑 Light", "Arial Black";
        font-size: 18px;
        border: none;
        border-bottom: 1px solid #000;
        margin: 20px 10px;

    }




</style>
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"></script>
<script  type="text/javascript">
    $(function(){
        $("#cancel").click(function(){
            $("#add_comm").fadeIn();
            $("#edit_comm").fadeOut();
        })

        $("input").addClass("edit_stu");
    })

    function refush(){
         window.location.href="all";
    }

    function add_reg(){
         var name = $("#add_edit_name").val();
       var javaScore = $("#add_edit_java").val();
       var htmlScore = $("#add_edit_html").val();
       var cssScore=$("#add_edit_css").val();
       var nameNot = name!=null&&name!='';
       var javaScoreNot = javaScore!=null && javaScore != '';
       var htmlScoreNot = htmlScore!=null && htmlScore !='';
       var cssScoreNot = cssScore !=null && cssScore != '';

       if(nameNot&&javaScoreNot&&htmlScoreNot&&cssScoreNot)
        return true;
       else
           return false;
    }

    function delete_stu(id){
         var result  =  confirm("是否删除？");
         if(result)
             window.location.href="deleteById?id="+id;

    }
    function edit_stu(id){

        var name = $("#name"+id).text();
        var java = $("#java"+id).text();
        var html = $("#html"+id).text();
        var css = $("#css"+id).text();
        $("#edit_id").val( id);
        $("#edit_name").val(name);
        $("#edit_java").val(java);
        $("#edit_html").val(html);
        $("#edit_css").val(css);
        $("#add_comm").fadeOut();
        $("#edit_comm").fadeIn();
    }

</script>
<body>
${msg }
<h1 align="center">学生管理</h1>

<div id="all_comm" class="all" >

    <h2>所有学生</h2>
    <table id="items"  >
        <tr>
        <td>id</td>
        <td>名称</td>
        <td>java分数</td>
        <td>html分数</td>
        <td>css分数</td>
            <td>操作</td>
        </tr>

        <c:forEach items="${students }" var="student" >
            <tr>
            <td id="id${student.id }">${student.id }</td>
            <td id="name${student.id }">${student.name }</td>
            <td id="java${student.id}">${student.javaScore }</td>
            <td id="html${student.id }">${student.htmlScore }</td>
            <td id="css${student.id}">${student.cssScore }</td>
            <td ><a οnclick="delete_stu(${student.id})">删除</a>|<a οnclick="edit_stu(${student.id})">编辑</a></td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>

    </table>
    <table id="tab02">
   <h2>前三名</h2>
   <tr>
   <td>排名</td>
   <td>id</td>
   <td>姓名</td>
   <td>总分数</td>
   </tr>
     <c:forEach items="${tops }" var="student"  varStatus="i">
            <tr>
            <td>第${i.index+1 }名</td>
            <td id="id${student.id }t">${student.id }</td>
            <td>${student.name }</td>
            <td id="name${student.id }t">${student.totalScore }</td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
        </table>
    如不显示请：<a οnclick="refush()" >点此刷新</a>
</div>
<div id="add_comm" class="all">
    <h2>查找学生</h2>
    <form action="queryByName" method="post" >
        <input type="text" placeholder="学生姓名" name="name" >
        <input type="submit" value="查找学生" >
    </form>
    <h2 id="edit_title">添加学生</h2>
    <form action="add" method="post" >
   <input type="text" placeholder="学生姓名" name="name" />
   <input type="text" placeholder="java成绩" name="javaScore"  />
   <input type="text" placeholder="html成绩" name="htmlScore"  />
   <input type="text" placeholder="css成绩" name="cssScore" />
   <input type="submit" value="确定添加" />
   </form>
</div>
<div id="edit_comm" class="all">
    <h2 id="edit_title">编辑学生</h2>
    <form action="update" method="post">
    <input type="text" placeholder="要修改的id为" id="edit_id" name="id" value="要修改的id为"  readonly="readonly"/><br> 
   <input type="text" placeholder="学生姓名" id="edit_name" name="name" />
   <input type="text" placeholder="java成绩" id="edit_java" name="javaScore" >
   <input type="text" placeholder="html成绩" id="edit_html" name="htmlScore" />
   <input type="text" placeholder="css成绩" id="edit_css" name="cssScore"  />
   <input type="submit" value="确定修改"  />
   <input type="button" value="取消修改" id="cancel" class="edit_stu"/>
   </form>
</div>
</body>
</html>

在 WebConntent 新建 login.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 align="center"><a href="all">进入主页</a></h1>
</body>
</html>

8. 运行 login.jsp

如无意外，可以进入到

代码中包含了简单的数据库增删查改操作，还有简单的mapping演示。

参考文章：http://www.zhimengzhe.com/shujuku/MySQL/334084.html

其实是我做期末大作业的时候学的。

LP_Cong
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