Django安装，项目创建和配置文件以及项目启动

安装

pip/pip3 install django==2.1

加速下载：
pip3 install -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple django==2.1

项目创建

使用pycharm创建项目
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配置文件

设置settings.py文件中的内容

"""
Django settings for Django project.

Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 3.0.2.

For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/settings/

For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/
"""

import os

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
# F:\Django\Django\settings.py
# F:\Django\
# 获取到项目的根路径
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))


# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
# 生成用户名的时候，加密字符串
SECRET_KEY = 'kmm(1)s^2)baw2+@+*9ac)lvjt46*#oo=%)&ye=9=2+szcumho'

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
# 开启调试模式
DEBUG = True
# 允许访问的主机域名或ip
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []


# Application definition
# 新建app需要手动加入到这里
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    'app00.apps.App00Config',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'Django.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')] # 指定模板路径
        ,
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'Django.wsgi.application'


# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#databases

DATABASES = {
    # 'default': {
    #     'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
    #     'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    # }

    # 连接mysql
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'test',
        'HOST': 'localhost',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '123456',
        'PORT': 3306,
        }
}


# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]


# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/topics/i18n/

# 后台admin的语言
# LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

# 时间
TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = False


# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/3.0/howto/static-files/


# 静态文件的路由（url）地址
STATIC_URL = '/static/'


# 静态文件的路径地址
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)

开启调试模式
连接mysql数据库，django默认支持sqlite3，故设置为mysql
设置后台admin的语言
设置时间
静态文件的路由（url）地址
静态文件的路径地址

项目启动

项目启动这里会遇到许多坑

已安装了 PyMySQL 驱动，但 Django 连接 MySQL 时仍默认使用 MySQLdb 驱动，但 MySQLdb 并不支持 Python3，所以需要手动在项目中进行配置。
项目根目录下的 init.py 文件中添加如下代码：

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

再次执行命令时，还是会报错
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找到下面的文件

version = Database.version_info
# if version < (1, 3, 7):
#     raise ImproperlyConfigured('mysqlclient 1.3.7 or newer is required; you have %s.' % Database.__version__)

注释if的两行代码

对数据库进行迁移操作，在根目录下执行命令

python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate

然而，还是会报错

安装mysqlclient
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