10非交互expect

非交互expect

介绍expect

认识expect

expect是一个自动化交互套件，主要应用于执行命令和程序时，系统以交互形式要求输入指定字符串，实现交互通信。

expect自动交互流程

spawn启动指定进程---expect获取指定关键字---send向指定程序发送指定字符---执行完成退出.

expect常用命令总结

spawn               交互程序开始后面跟命令或者指定程序
expect              获取匹配信息匹配成功则执行expect后面的程序动作
send exp_send       用于发送指定的字符串信息
exp_continue        在expect中多次匹配就需要用到
send_user           用来打印输出 相当于shell中的echo
exit                退出expect脚本
eof                 expect执行结束 退出
set                 定义变量
puts                输出变量
set timeout         设置超时时间

安装expect

[root@hadoop04 ~]# yum -y install expect

编写expect脚本

初始版

[root@hadoop04 shell_expect]# vim expect_ssh01.sh
#!/usr/bin/expect

#开启一个会话
spawn ssh [email protected]

expect {
        "yes/no" { send "yes\r";exp_continue }
        "password" { send "5tgb^YHN\r" };
}
# 停留在远程机器的界面
interact

[root@hadoop04 shell_expect]# expect expect_ssh01.sh 

改进版1

增加变量定义、变量引用

[root@hadoop04 shell_expect]# vim expect_ssh02.sh
#!/usr/bin/expect

# 定义变量
set ip 172.22.34.19
set user alice
set password 5tgb^YHN
set timeout 5

#开启一个会话
spawn ssh ${user}@${ip}

expect {
        "yes/no" { send "yes\r";exp_continue }
        "password" { send "${password}\r" };
}

interact

[root@hadoop04 shell_expect]# expect expect_ssh02.sh 
spawn ssh [email protected]
[email protected]'s password: 
Last login: Tue Dec 10 22:00:03 2019 from 172.22.34.20
[alice@hadoop03 ~]$  

改进版2

位置参数作为变量值赋值给变量，进入到远程机器后，创建测试文件test.txt，查看当前目录，退出远程机器，结束expect

[root@hadoop04 shell_expect]# vim expect_ssh03.sh
#!/usr/bin/expect

# 定义变量
# 第一个位置参数
set ip [lindex $argv 0]
set user alice
set password 5tgb^YHN
set timeout 5

#开启一个会话
spawn ssh ${user}@${ip}

expect {
        "yes/no" { send "yes\r";exp_continue }
        "password" { send "${password}\r" };
}

#interact

expect "$"
send "touch test.txt\r"
send "ls\r"
send "pwd\r"
send "exit\r"

# 结束expect
expect eof


# 执行脚本
[root@hadoop04 shell_expect]# expect expect_ssh03.sh 172.22.34.19
spawn ssh [email protected]
[email protected]'s password: 
Last login: Tue Dec 10 21:59:53 2019 from 172.22.34.20
[alice@hadoop03 ~]$ touch test.txt
[alice@hadoop03 ~]$ ls
test.txt
[alice@hadoop03 ~]$ pwd
/home/alice
[alice@hadoop03 ~]$ exit
logout
Connection to 172.22.34.19 closed.

改进版3

批量主机推送公钥推送

#!/usr/bin/bash 

ip_file=ip.txt
password=feidee.com

>${ip_file}

for i in {16..19}
do
        {
                ip=172.22.34.${i}
                ping -c1 -W1 ${ip} &> /dev/null
                if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
                        echo "${ip}" >> ${ip_file}
                        # 使用expect推送公钥
                        /usr/bin/expect <<-EOF
                        spawn ssh-copy-id ${ip}
                        expect {
                                "yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue }
                                "password:" { send "${password}\r" }
                        }
                        expect eof
                        EOF
                fi
        }&
done

wait

echo "All finish..."

改进版4

批量主机推送公钥推送，添加兼容：expect未安装时先安装expect，密钥未创建时先创建密钥

#!/usr/bin/bash 

ip_file=ip.txt
password=feidee.com

>${ip_file}

# 检查expect是否安装
rpm -q expect &> /dev/null

if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
    echo "正在安装expect，请稍候..."
    yum -y install expect &> /dev/null && echo "expect 安装完成." 
fi

# 检查密钥是否存在
if [ ! -f  ~/.ssh/id_rsa ];then
    echo "正在创建密钥，请稍后..."
    # 非交互式的ssh-keygen
    ssh-keygen -P "" -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa &> /dev/null  && echo "密钥创建成功"
fi



for i in {16..19}
do
    {
        ip=172.22.34.${i}
        ping -c1 -W1 ${ip} &> /dev/null
        if [ $? -eq 0 ];then
            echo "${ip}" >> ${ip_file}
            # 使用expect推送公钥
            /usr/bin/expect <<-EOF
            spawn ssh-copy-id ${ip}
            expect {
                "yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue }
                "password:" { send "${password}\r" }
            }
            expect eof
            EOF
        fi
    }&
done

wait

echo "All finish..."