第一部分
一、简要综述以往和现在研究：
1.说明当前研究的意义
This is the first study to ..
This study provides new insights into ..
This work will generate fresh insight into .
The study offers some important insights into ..
Understanding the link between X and Y will help ... .
This is the first study to undertake a longitudinal analysis of .
The present research explores, for the first time, the effects of .
The importance and originality of this study are that it explores ...
The findings should make an important contribution to the field of ...
Characterisation of X is important for our increased understanding of ...
It is hoped that this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of ..
This study aims to contribute to this growing area of research by exploring
This project provided an important opportunity to advance the understanding of .. .
Therefore, this study makes a major contribution to research on x by demonstrating .
There are several important areas where this study makes an original contribution to
The experimental work presented here provides one of the first investigation...
2.参考先前的调查：
One longitudinal. study found that .
A seminal study in this area is. the work of ..
One study by Smith examined the trend in .
A recent study by Smith and Jones involved .
A qualitative study by Smith described how .
A recent systematic literature review concluded that
Preliminary work on X was undertaken by Jones.
A longitudinal study of x by Smith reports that .
A key study comparing X and Y is that. of Smith, in which
The first systematic study of x was reported by Smith in 1986.
Detailed examination of X by Smith and Jones showed that .
Analysis of the genes involved in X was first carried out by Smith .
A significant analysis and discussion on the subject was presented by Smith (1988).
The study of the structural behaviour of X was first carried out by Jones.
The study by Jones offers probably the most comprehensive empirical analysis of ..
3.研究概述常用句型
Previous research has shown that …
In most studies of … attention has been given to …
The previous work on … has indicated that it is …
… models have been proven useful in …
There have been a few studies highlighting …
Great concern have arisen … due to the increasing number of …
Most … conduct … testing on … to monitor … performance.
However, the problems exist in …
However, there appears to have …
Because of …, … is impossible.
研究范围常用句型
With the aim of …
This paper is intended to …
This paper aims at providing …
The primary goal of this research is …
The overall objective of his study is …
The author(s) made this study in order to find …
The objective of his investigation is/was to …
The intention of this paper is to survey …
This paper deals with …
This report concentrates on …
This paper begins with the discussion of …
The paper addresses the problem of …
The greatest emphasis has been on …
This paper reviews / summarizes the theory from … viewpoint, discusses … and presents …
Based on …, … is described / discussed / presented / analyzed / dealt with this paper.
The influence of … on … is investigated.
In this paper, … is discussed / explored / analyzed.
This paper analyzes some important characteristics of …
The paper / article / report / study / investigation / author / writer describes …
The importance of … is discussed and the solution to … is addressed in this paper.
5.研究方法常用句型
This is a working theory based on the idea that …
One of the great advantage of this method is …
The test is demonstrated by using …
A new method for solving this problem is presented …
The experiments on … have been carried out using …
The tests were carried out on …
The analysis was made with …
The technique applied is referred to as …
The experiment consisted of …
The theory is characterized by …
This formula is verified by …
The mechanism of … is examined.
The dependence of … was established.
The method used in the study is known as …
The research has recorded valuable data using the newly-developed method.
二、重点回顾与本工作相关的研究
1.描述研究设计和使用的方法:
Data for this study were collected using …
Five works will be examined, all of which …
This investigation takes the form of a case-study of the …
This study was exploratory and interpretative in nature.
This study uses a qualitative case study approach to investigate …
The research data in this thesis is drawn from four main sources: …
The approach to empirical research adopted for this study was one of …
This dissertation follows a case-study design, with in-depth analysis of …
By employing qualitative modes of enquiry, I attempt to illuminate the …
Qualitative and quantitative research designs were adopted to provide …
Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used in this investigation.
A holistic approach is utilised, integrating X, Y and Z material to establish …
The study was conducted in the form of a survey, with data being gathered via …
The methodological approach taken in this study is a mixed methodology based on …
A combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches was used in the data analysis.
2.解释当前研究的意义:
This is the first study to …
This study provides new insights into …
This work will generate fresh insight into …
The study offers some important insights into …
Understanding the link between X and Y will help …
This is the first study to undertake a longitudinal analysis of …
The present research explores, for the first time, the effects of …
The importance and originality of this study are that it explores …
The findings should make an important contribution to the field of ….
Characterisation of X is important for our increased understanding of …
It is hoped that this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of …
This study aims to contribute to this growing area of research by exploring …
This project provided an important opportunity to advance the understanding of …
Therefore, this study makes a major contribution to research on X by demonstrating …
There are several important areas where this study makes an original contribution to …
The experimental work presented here provides one of the first investigations into how …
3.描述当前研究的局限性:
The thesis does not engage with …
It is not the task of this paper to examine …
This study is unable to encompass the entire …
Establishing X is beyond the scope of this study.
It is beyond the scope of this study to examine the …
A full discussion of X lies beyond the scope of this study.
The reader should bear in mind that the study is based on …
Another potential problem is that the scope of my thesis may be too broad.
Due to practical constraints, this paper cannot provide a comprehensive review of…
4.提供建设性的建议:
The study would have been more interesting if it had included …
These studies would have been more useful if they had focused on …
The study would have been more relevant if the researchers had asked …
The questionnaire would have been more useful if it had asked participants about …
The research would have been more relevant if a wider range of X had been explored
三、以往工作不足：
1.讨论当前的主流观点
1.The consensus has been that…
2.Several studies agree that…
3.Prior research substantiates the belief that… Prior research 4.generally confirms that…
2.讨论已有文献的结论
indicate
have documented
have demonstrated have shown that
contend
purport
suggest
proffer
have proven that
evidence
3.表达当前知识的广度或不足
Much is known about…
But, little is known about…
The academic community has extensively explored X…
Prior research has thoroughly investigated….
However, little research has been conducted to show…
4.在之前的工作基础上提出新方法
However,data is still scarce
Rere
Less accurate
There is still dearth of
Aim to
Provide more documents
Records
Increase the dataset
Further studies are still necessary
Essential
四、回到本研究中来
研究目的：aim to; the purpose of this study is to
在本研究中：in this work; our work; our study; we are dedicated to;
研究的一系列“动作”：explore; applied; validated; implement; promote; investigated; assessed; carry out; analyze; report; establish; observed;
解决问题：to address the limitation; to investigate; to overcome the difficulties; in order to better characterize; to understand the potential role of; to demonstrate;
研究价值展望：provide insights to;
研究范围： The scope of the research;
研究方向：Research Interests;Research Fields;Research Direction;research focuses on
研究结果：Study results signify;The results indicated that;Study shows that;According to the researching report
表格或图标常见表示方式：show, present, illustrate, summarize, demonstrate, contain, provide, list, report, give, reveal, display, indicate, suggest, describe
表达可能性：It is certain that …It is almost certain that …It is very probable/ highly likely that …It is probable/likely that …
It is possible that …It is unlikely that …It is very/highly unlikely that …There is a slight possibility that …There is little possibility that …
表示降低，减少，缺失：
decrease;reduction;reduced;diminish;loss;deficient;low;weak;faint;poor;navigate;absent
第二部分：
1. 描述观点的重要性
One of the most significant current discussions in legal and moral philosophy is ......
X is at the heart of our understanding of ......
It is becoming increasingly difficult to ignore the .....
2. 描述不同的方法
A variety of methods are used to assess X. Each has its advantages and drawbacks.
Different authors have measured X in a variety of ways.
Data were gathered from multiple sources at various time points during the…
3. 解释为何采用一个特殊的方法
It was considered that quantitative measures would usefully supplement and extend the qualitative analysis.
It was decided that the best method to adopt for this investigation was to .....
Many of the distributions were not normal so non-parametric signed rank tests were run
4. 背景信息
In reviewing the literature, no data was found on the association between X and Y.
This study set out with the aim of assessing the importance of X in ......
As mentioned in the literature review, ......
5. 重申研究目的
This study set out to determine ......
The present study was designed to determine the effect of .......
Returning to the hypothesis/question posed at the beginning of this study, it is now possible to state that ....
6. 相关文献概览
The generalizability of much published research on this issue is problematic.
In recent years, there has been an increasing amount of literature on .......
What we know about X is largely based upon empirical studies that investigate how ......
7. 当前理论存在的问题、局限性
It seems that Jones' understanding of the X framework is questionable. Smith's interpretation overlooks much of the historical research
The existing accounts fail to resolve the contradiction between X and Y
One of the limitations with this explanation is that it does not explain why...
8. 强调一个特殊的方法
Article references were searched further for additional relevant publications. Articles were searched from
X was synthesized using the same method that was detailed for Y, using
For this study the X was used to explore the subsurface
9. 概况研究框架
Chapter Two begins by laying out the theoretical dimensions of the research, and looks at how ......
The third chapter is concerned with the methodology used for this study.
The fourth section presents the findings of the research, focusing on the three key themes that have been identified in analysis.