设计模式(八)——外观模式(Facade)

       外观模式是为了解决类与类之间的依赖关系的,像spring一样,可以将类和类之间的关系配置到配置文件中,而外观模式就是将他们的关系放在一个Facade类中,降低了类类之间的耦合度,该模式中没有涉及到接口。

我们以一个计算机的启动过程为例:

public class CPU {
	
	public void startup(){
		System.out.println("cpu startup!");
	}
	
	public void shutdown(){
		System.out.println("cpu shutdown!");
	}
}

 

public class Memory {
	
	public void startup(){
		System.out.println("memory startup!");
	}
	
	public void shutdown(){
		System.out.println("memory shutdown!");
	}
}

 

public class Disk {
	
	public void startup(){
		System.out.println("disk startup!");
	}
	
	public void shutdown(){
		System.out.println("disk shutdown!");
	}
}

 外观类:

public class Computer {
	private CPU cpu;
	private Memory memory;
	private Disk disk;
	
	public Computer(){
		cpu = new CPU();
		memory = new Memory();
		disk = new Disk();
	}
	
	public void startup(){
		System.out.println("start the computer!");
		cpu.startup();
		memory.startup();
		disk.startup();
		System.out.println("start computer finished!");
	}
	
	public void shutdown(){
		System.out.println("begin to close the computer!");
		cpu.shutdown();
		memory.shutdown();
		disk.shutdown();
		System.out.println("computer closed!");
	}
}

 测试类:

public class FacadeTest{
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		Computer computer = new Computer();
		computer.startup();
		computer.shutdown();
	}
}

 输出:

start the computer!
cpu startup!
memory startup!
disk startup!
start computer finished!
begin to close the computer!
cpu shutdown!
memory shutdown!
disk shutdown!
computer closed!

 

 

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如果我们没有Computer类,那么,CPU、Memory、Disk他们之间将会相互持有实例,产生关系,这样会造成严重的依赖,修改一个类,可能会带来其他类的修改,这不是我们想要看到的,有了Computer类,他们之间的关系被放在了Computer类里,这样就起到了解耦的作用,这,就是外观模式!

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转载自guwq2014.iteye.com/blog/2309766